US3056691A - Method for producing an impregnated insulating tape with diagonally positioned threads and tape so produced - Google Patents

Method for producing an impregnated insulating tape with diagonally positioned threads and tape so produced Download PDF

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Publication number
US3056691A
US3056691A US817990A US81799059A US3056691A US 3056691 A US3056691 A US 3056691A US 817990 A US817990 A US 817990A US 81799059 A US81799059 A US 81799059A US 3056691 A US3056691 A US 3056691A
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Prior art keywords
solution
tape
fabric
concentration
impregnating
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Expired - Lifetime
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US817990A
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English (en)
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Zartl Josef
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/07—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments otherwise than in a plane, e.g. in a tubular way
    • D04H3/073—Hollow cylinder shaped
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/004—Glass yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • D04H3/045—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles for net manufacturing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/12—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/48—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials
    • H01B3/50—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249922—Embodying intertwined or helical component[s]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2475—Coating or impregnation is electrical insulation-providing, -improving, or -increasing, or conductivity-reducing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to impregnated insulating tape, of the type that has diagonally positioned threads, which is commonly used in the electric industry.
  • the invention further relates to methods of producing such tape, and to a seamless tape of this type.
  • lt is among the principal objects of the invention to provide and to produce an impregnated insulating tape with diagonally positioned threads, which product and process are simple, inexpensive and reliable.
  • impregnated insulating tapes with diagonally positioned threads have, in the past, been produced according to one of the following two methods.
  • a web of linen fabric is insulated with an insulating lacquer.
  • Parallelograms are cut from the web, and the original edges of the web, this time having diagonally positioned threads are joined together to form a new web.
  • the joining is either by sewing or by cementing.
  • the new web is cut into tape on a tape cutting machine.
  • Tapes produced in this manner have the disadvantage that the cemented or sewn portions have at least twice the thickness of the other portions and are far less resistant to stresses as compared to the remaining portions. Furthermore, the sewing or cementing of the diagonal webs is time-consuming and costly.
  • a tubular fabric is cut into strips in accordance with the desired diagonal angle.
  • the cut strips are thereafter impregnated with an insulating lacquer.
  • finishing or dressing furthermore is detrimental for the subsequent step of absorption of the insufice lating material, as the finishing or dressing step reduces the absorption quality of the strip.
  • the final tape will be composed not only of fabric and insulating lacquer but also will contain up to ten percent of nishing or dressing material, which has the disadvantage that the resistance of the tape to heat may be considerably less than needed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic View showing a How sheet
  • PEG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of a tubular fabric in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary perspective View of a tape cut from the fabric.
  • the instant invention aims at obviating the difficulties of the prior art.
  • the instant invention provides for a pre-irnpregnation step (at b, FIG. l) in which the tubular fabric is treated, prior to the cutting thereof into strips (at c, FIG. l), in a bath with a thin solution of an impregnating liquid, followed by a drying step.
  • the liquid of the pre-impregnation solution will have the same or similar chemical properties as the main impregnating solution, but will have a smaller concentration.
  • the concentration of the solution of the aforesaid preimpregnating bath is selected in such a manner that the tubular fabric will be stiffened but will not in the subsequent drying step cause adhesion among any of its parts.
  • the tubular fabric 11 is cut into strips 12 in accordance with the desired diagonal (helical) angle along cutting lines 13.
  • the strips 12 cut from the stiffened tubular fabric need to have sufficient strength and rigidity so that the edges will not roll up and the fabric will not be deformed or disintegrate.y during the subsequent treatment in which the strips are stressed longitudinally.
  • the pre-impregnation with the thin solution should penetrate into the interior of the fabric, but should not close the pores along the surface of the fabric, as otherwise the surface would be tacky and its absorption for the second, the main impregnation, step at d, FIG. l) would be diminished or lost.
  • the concentration of the pre-impregnating solution is less than one-half of the concentration of the main impregnating solution.
  • the impregnating substance may for instance be insulating lacquer in organic solvents.
  • the pre-impregnating substance may be the same or similar laquer; the preimpregnating solution will then differ from the main irnpregnating solution mainly by its smaller concentration.
  • insulating lacquers there may be used oil lacquers or solutions of plastic material or synthetic resins; if these substances are used, the concentration of the pre-impregnating solution may be from 5 to 2G percent, and the concentration of the main impregnating solution from 20 to 40 percent.
  • the strips 12 After the strips 12 have been cut from the pre-impregnated tubular fabric 11, they have their threads 14 positioned diagonally. The strips are drawn through a bath of the main impregnating solution, and then are dried. Thereafter, the impregnated strips 12 are cut (at e, FIG. l) into tapes 15 on a cutting machine, and are rolled up.
  • the tapes 15 produced in this manner are seamless and are characterized by uniform mechanical and electrical qualities. These qualities are better than those of tapes heretofore made, and yet the instant tapes are less expensive to produce.
  • a sizing material to improve the working with the fabric on the loom.
  • the sizing material is added in extremely small quantities, for instance of from .0l to .05 of one percent. r[This small addition does not affect adversely the heat resistance of the final tape product; in contrast thereto, the aforesaid high percentage (up to l() percent) of the nishing or dressing operation under the prior art materially reduces the heat resistance of the tape.
  • a preliminary burning step during which the sizing material becomes volatile and evaporates.
  • the tape made in accordance ywith the invention is composed solely of the fabric and insulating medium such as insulating lacquer. ⁇ Instead of solutions, there may be employed emulsions or dispersions yielding a similar result.
  • a tube of r-ayon fabric of a width of 67 cm. and a thickness of .O8 mm. is pre-impregnated with a l3 percent oil lacquer, and is thereafter dried in a drying tower. Subsequently, the tube is cut helically at an angle of 20 to the warp.
  • the diagonal strip then will have a width of about 130 centimeters, and is thereafter subjected twice in succession to an impregnating step with a 25 to 30 percent oil lacquer solution; after each impregnation, the strip is dried.
  • the resulting insulating diagonal strip has a thickness of .15 mm. It is thereafter cut on a cutting machine into tapes.
  • Desmodur-Desmophen lacquer solutions are well known and are prepared from a mixture of polyurethane (Desmodur) and polyester (Des4 mophen), a typical example of these lacquers being the following:
  • Desmophen 2200 from Bayer AG, Leverkusen (adipic acid-ethylene glycol polyester with hydroxyl number of 50-60) l5 parts toluene di-isocyanate (Desmodur T) These ingredients are mixed in 7% solution (resin solids) in organic solvent containing toluene, ethyl acetate and methyl glycol acetate. The degree of network of the preimpregnation by this solution is smaller than that at the subsequent main impregnation.
  • the tube will thereafter be cut at an angle of 45 relative to the direction of the warp, and the resultant diagonal strips will then 4be treated in a bath to ybe impregnated once, with a 20 percent solution, and thereafter are hardened in a drying tower.
  • the final strip will have a thickness of .O8 nim.; finally, it will be cut into tapes.
  • Athoxylin resin solution is a Well known insulating resin varnish and is based upon the condensation resin product from the reaction of epichlorhydrin and bis phenol. These products known under this name as furnished by Ciba AG, Basel, Switzerland, are furnished in toluene as solvent and contain l0() parts of epoxy resin (condensation product of bis phenol and epichlorhydrin), 100 parts of polyamine hardener. Thereafter, it is cut, and the strips subjected to a main impregnation of a 30 percent solution of Athoxylin resin and will have in the end a thickness of .08 mm. .From the strip the tapes will be cut.
  • a fabric made of natural silk is treated with a solu ⁇ tion of alkyd resin or of a polyester resin, in accordance with the teachings of Example II.
  • a tube made of glass silk fabric is treated with modil lied or unmodified silicon resins, in accordance with the step sequence of Examples I or II.
  • a tube of glass silk fabric is treated with dispersions or solutions of triuoromonochlorethylene (for instance, of the type known under the trademark Hostaflon), in accordance with the step sequence of Examples I or II.
  • triuoromonochlorethylene for instance, of the type known under the trademark Hostaflon
  • a tubular fabric of polyamid fiber (for instance, known under the trademark Perlon) is treated with modified melamine resins or urea resins, in a step sequence of Examples I or II.
  • a tubular fabric of cotton or wool is treated in accordance with Example II with polyvinyl derivatives, in solution, emulsion or dispersion.
  • a tubular fabric of asbestos is treated with natural or synthetic rubber or rubber derivatives, in a step sequence of Examples I or II.
  • a method of producing from la tubular fabric irnpregnated insulating tapes with diagonally positioned threads comprising, pre-impregnating said tube with ⁇ an insulating resinous lacquer by dipping said tube in a bath containing said lacquer, the lacquer solids in said lacquer being less than about one-half of the concentration of that used to provide a final stiffened insulating tape ⁇ and providing a concentration of lacquer which after drying imparts sufhcient strength yand rigidity to prevent rolling up of the edges and deforming of the fabric under longitudinal stress, said concentration also penetrating the interior of the fabric without closing the pores thereof and thereafter drying said tube, subsequently cutting said tube helically into strips, and thereafter subjecting the strips to a main impregnation step in a bath with a lacquer having a higher concentration of lacquer solids than the said pre-impregnating solution, the lacquer solids being the same as in the pre-impregnating
  • the pre-impregnating lacquer having a concentration of 5 to 20' percent.
  • the pre-impregnating solution having ⁇ a concentration of 5 to 2O ⁇ percent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US817990A 1958-06-11 1959-06-04 Method for producing an impregnated insulating tape with diagonally positioned threads and tape so produced Expired - Lifetime US3056691A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT408258A AT203079B (de) 1958-06-11 1958-06-11 Verfahren zur Herstellung von imprägnierten Isolierbändern mit diagonalem Fadenverlauf

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US3056691A true US3056691A (en) 1962-10-02

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US (1) US3056691A (de)
AT (1) AT203079B (de)
BE (1) BE579471A (de)
FR (1) FR1227021A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3309861A (en) * 1964-05-14 1967-03-21 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Polyurethane coated glass rope
US3329116A (en) * 1965-06-18 1967-07-04 Union Special Machine Co Method and means for automatic stitching of natural and synthetic fabrics
US3535413A (en) * 1968-06-25 1970-10-20 Gen Electric Method of making tape replicas

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US602797A (en) * 1898-04-19 Frederick george annison
US1857690A (en) * 1928-09-25 1932-05-10 Kemikal Inc Molding, coating, filling, impregnating, and binding
US2355038A (en) * 1942-12-30 1944-08-01 Pacific Mills Coated fabric insulation tape and process
US2879581A (en) * 1953-06-26 1959-03-31 Exeter Mfg Company Continuous bias constructed glass textile fabric
US2953477A (en) * 1956-08-07 1960-09-20 Exeter Mfg Company Bias-cut woven glass fabric sized with a resinous material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US602797A (en) * 1898-04-19 Frederick george annison
US1857690A (en) * 1928-09-25 1932-05-10 Kemikal Inc Molding, coating, filling, impregnating, and binding
US2355038A (en) * 1942-12-30 1944-08-01 Pacific Mills Coated fabric insulation tape and process
US2879581A (en) * 1953-06-26 1959-03-31 Exeter Mfg Company Continuous bias constructed glass textile fabric
US2953477A (en) * 1956-08-07 1960-09-20 Exeter Mfg Company Bias-cut woven glass fabric sized with a resinous material

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3309861A (en) * 1964-05-14 1967-03-21 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Polyurethane coated glass rope
US3329116A (en) * 1965-06-18 1967-07-04 Union Special Machine Co Method and means for automatic stitching of natural and synthetic fabrics
US3535413A (en) * 1968-06-25 1970-10-20 Gen Electric Method of making tape replicas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT203079B (de) 1959-04-25
BE579471A (fr) 1959-10-01
FR1227021A (fr) 1960-08-18

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