US3063887A - Method and apparatus for forming and collecting fibers into an improved pipe covering - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for forming and collecting fibers into an improved pipe covering Download PDF

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Publication number
US3063887A
US3063887A US718636A US71863658A US3063887A US 3063887 A US3063887 A US 3063887A US 718636 A US718636 A US 718636A US 71863658 A US71863658 A US 71863658A US 3063887 A US3063887 A US 3063887A
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Prior art keywords
mandrel
mat
conveyor
binder
casing
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US718636A
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English (en)
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Labino Dominick
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Johns Manville Fiber Glass Inc
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Johns Manville Fiber Glass Inc
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Priority to US718636A priority Critical patent/US3063887A/en
Priority to BE576213A priority patent/BE576213A/fr
Priority to DK76959AA priority patent/DK104545C/da
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F16L59/021—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials comprising a single piece or sleeve, e.g. split sleeves; consisting of two half sleeves; comprising more than two segments

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  • the first class is composed of the type of pipe coverings in which the insulating material is composed either of bulk substances, comprising loosely integrated fibrous or granular material, or flexible mats. These loosely packed or flexible forms are normally held in place by suitable retention means since they themselves do not possess the capability of shape retention. In practice, these flexible forms are either wrapped about or helically wound about a pipe and encased either by sheet metal, metal mesh, plastic or paperboard envelopes or sleeves placed around the material and brought into covering position about the pipe.
  • the second class of materials comprises those which are slightly more rigid and consists both of the fabricated forms and the molded forms. The coverings in this latter class are conventionally made and placed about the pipe in two circumferential halves or semicircular portions. Again, it is conventional to supply an envelope, jacket, or other suitable retention device to secure these molded or fabricated forms into their position covering the pipe.
  • the mold method of manufacturing thermal pipe coverings by reason of necessity of replacement of molds and a requirement of keeping an extensive supply of mold sizes available, in combination with varying sized mandrels, has presented a most cumbersome and even burdensome storage problem that necessarily has had a detrimental eifect on the flexible quantity and quality of the resultant product.
  • a mold when clamped upon a fibrous mat or wrapped about a mandrel, at the mating point of the two cylindrical halves, will form in the fibrous mat a lon gitudinal ridge, particularly since the fitting tolerances of the two portions or halves of the mold would be almost impossible to maintain in perfect fit over a pro longed period of time with extensive use.
  • These irregularities in the outer surface of the mat would have to be subsequently removed by either grinding or other treatment in order to present a smooth outer peripheral surface.
  • Another object of this invention is to form a fibrous covering from a fibrous mat impregnated with an unactivated binder and to activate the binder incrementally.
  • Another object of the invention is to form a fibrous casing from a fibrous mat impregnated with an unacti- .vated binder and to incrementally activate the binder by initially activating the binder in the peripheral surface area of the casing to form an outer shell about the casing and subsequently to activate the remaining binder in the casing.
  • Another object of the invention is to direct pressure against the peripheral surface area simultaneously when activating the binder.
  • Another object of the invention is to direct pressure against the peripheral surface area of the casing while activating the remaining binder in the casing.
  • Another object of the invention is to direct pressure to the fibrous mat while wrapping the mat about a rotating mandrel to initially blend the fibrous mat throughout the length of the casing.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fibrous casing made according to the method and apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the interconnected element forming the complete apparatus
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged side elevation partly in section and with parts broken away of the conveyor reversing mechanism as illustrated in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view with parts broken away taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line 6--'6 of FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 is a side elevation of the wrapping, ironing and binder activating portions of the apparatus as illustrated in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view with parts broken away taken along the line 8-8 of MG. 2;
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line 9--9 of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line 1010 of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line 1111 of FIG. 12;
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional view with parts broken away taken along the line 12-12 of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view with parts broken away and parts shown in section of the gear arrangement on a drive shaft operating the mandrel rotating shaft;
  • FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along the line 1414 of FIG. 10 with parts broken away;
  • FIG. 15 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view with parts broken away taken along the line 15-45 of FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 16 is an enlarged elevation view of the timing mechanism as illustrated in the lefthand portion of 'FIG.
  • FIG. 17 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 17-l7 of FIG. 16;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic wiring diagram of the electrical circuit of the timing mechanism.
  • this invention contemplates forming a thermal pipe insulation fibrous casing or conduit from a mat of glass fibers, bonded with a binder, which may be used for thermal pipe insulation and wherein the binder is activated to fixedly form the casing after the mat is first formed into a desired shape.
  • the pipe insulations which are formed from this invention are normally cylindrical and are easily controlled as to quality standards by reason of the interdependence of the apparatus employed with the method of production to allow full maximum control of these quality standards and at the same time provide maximum selection of desired variations in production tolerances. Thus, important maximum flexibility of these tolerances is secured so that the product may be produced to meet the ever changing quantity demands for different sizes and shapes of covering without losing the desirable product quality standards or production time.
  • Station A where primary fibers are blasted to produce secondary fibers which fall upon an endless belt and are simultaneously sprayed with a binding material to form a continuous and endless fiber mat
  • station B where the endless mat formed of secondary fibers, in combination with the thermosetting binder or resin, is sheared into the desired lengths to be later employed to form the pipe covering of desired dimensions
  • station C where these lengths of the fibrous mats are wrapped about a mandrel to form the uncured cylindrical casing of the desired dimensions
  • station D where the uncured mat, in cylindrical form, wound about the mandrel passes through a first or initial stage of incremental binder activation, to activate the binder in at least the peripheral surface area of the casing
  • the pipe covering as it is formed moving from stations A to F inclusive of the apparatus, undergoes a change from the primary strands of glass fibers at station A to the thermal insulation pipe covering, cylindrical in form, wherein all the fibers are bonded to one another which is delivered at station F.
  • This apparatus is continuous and uninterrupted in its operation so that if the process of the present invention is practiced on a never ending continuous operating belt of materials, the production of the pipe coverings will likewise be continuous.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a glass melting pot of clay, platinum or any suitable alloy for the heating and melting of glass marbles.
  • the pot is circular and has a conventional aperture plate at its lower extremity provided with a plurality of concentrically arranged apertures adjacent the periphery thereof.
  • a plurality of streams of molten glass are attenuated from pot 10 into primary filaments 11 passing between and drawn by the coacting rollers 12, 13, it being understood that suitable drive means are provided for these rollers 12, 13.
  • the rollers 12 and 13 draw the streams or primary strands 11 of glass fiber to the desired size and advance them at the desired rate, through suitable guide means 14, the extremities of the filaments 11 being directed by the guide means into the blast emanating from the burner 15.
  • a combustible gas mixture is fed through the burner 15 to create a high speed blast of intense heat capable of melting and attenuating the primary filaments 11 to very fine fibers at a high rate.
  • the filaments 11 are fed into the blast, they are rendered fluid and drawn out by the force of the blast into very fine glass fibers.
  • the fibers are directed by the blast to a suitable collecting means 16.
  • These latter means include a continuous belt 17 or conveyor of wire mesh or other foraminous material capable of collecting and transporting the fibers directed thereon by the gaseous blast emitted from burner 15.
  • the belt is supported along its pathway by a supporting framework indicated generally by 18.
  • This framework 18 consists of a plurality of pairs of upright angle irons 19 and 2t). Only one angle iron from each pair appears at one side of the conveyor as shown in FIG. 2, it being understood that identical uprights appear on both sides of the conveyor path. These uprights may be innterconnected by suitable pairs of interconnecting cross angle irons 21 (only one shown) as desired for structural support.
  • the continuous belt 17 travels over a suction box 22 suitably mounted to angle iron 19 to cause a flow of 'air through the conveyor to aid in the deposition of the fibers, in the form of a mat 23, onto the conveyor 17.
  • a series of binder applicators or nozzles 24, only one shown, may be disposed in the position as shown in FIG. 2 running transversely of the blast stream in order to coat the blasted fibers with a binder as they are being deposited or collected upon the endless conveyor 17.
  • the binder or resin content as broadly recited is 5% to 14% of the mat weight as determined by ignition loss and is preferably about 10% or slightly below 10%.
  • Additional nozzles 25 directing a fine spray of water are positioned as shown in FIG. 2 and when the conditions of humidity make it desirable may further introduce a fine spray of water or other liquid to the glass fibers as they are being collected to form the mat 23.
  • the conveyor belt 17 follows substantially a triangular path so that the mat 23 formed upon the long side 26 of the belt triangle thus formed, is carried up and over the high point of the conveyor and down the hypotenuse side 27 of the "belt triangle.
  • the conveyor is formed as a triangle it is not intended to limit the invention in any way by this showing as other forms and configurations could be used. It has been found desirable, however, that when the mat is carried towards a subsequent station, in this case station B, that the conveyor side in proximity to the next processing station be sloping as is side 27 of the instant case.
  • the conveyor belt 17, in the embodiment shown, is mounted to freely rotatable shafts 28, 29, 3% which are conventionally mounted in journals or brackets afiixed to the angle iron bars 19, 26, hereinbefore described, comprising the framework 18 supportingthe belt 17.
  • a plurality of rollers 31, 32, 33 respectively are keyed or otherwise fixedly mounted to the shafts 28, 29, 30 to support and to drive the belt 17.
  • Other driving connections such as a gear and chain arrangement could be used instead of the friction rollers 31, 32 and 33 to support and to cause movement of this belt 17 without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • a drive motor 34 resting on the floor of the structure housing the apparatus, is connected by means of a link chain 35 to a sprocket 36 which in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is fixed or keyed to shaft 30.
  • This motor 34 through the chain 35' causes a rotation of shaft 30 and this rotation of shaft 3% through the medium of roller 33 is transmitted to the belt 17 so that belt 17 is driven at a consistent rate of speed in the direction of arrow 37
  • the rollers 31 and 32 about shafts 28 and 29, serve as suitable guide means to maintain the belt in proper alignment relative to the blast burner 15.
  • the timing of the motor 34 which determines the speed of belt 17 is synchronized with the delivery of the stream of fibrous material from the blast burner 15 so that a continuous fibrous mat 23 is formed and carried by the belt 17 as it moves.
  • the fibrous mat 23, formed at station A, is led from the sloping side 27 of the triangle formed by belt 17 up and onto a table conveyor means generally indicated at 38 where it is led into station B.
  • the conveyor means 38 includes two independent conveyor belts 39 and 40 each being formed of a suitable wire mesh or foraminous material which develops friction against the fibrous mat 23 so as to grip the mat and to pull and direct it along its path.
  • this mat 23 is sheared, by means 2 to be hereinafter described, into segments of a predetermined length preparatory to its being further conveyed to station C where it is formed upon a mandrel into a cylindrical tube as will later be described.
  • the shearing at station B in the present invention is performed by a suitable knife edge.
  • the action of the knife does not sever the mat but rather in cooperation with a reversing conveyor movement tears or rips the material to form a feathered or tapered edge of the segments of the mat as they are separated from the continuous belt of material.
  • the fibrous mat is placed in tension by two independently driven conveyor belts, which at the m ment of the severance of each section, are moving in opposite directions. This conveyor action, creating a tension in the material, in combination with the simultaneous movement of the severing knife, which under positive pressure is directed downwardly, causes a ripping or tearing severance of the material.
  • the framework 41 for conveyor means 38 includes a plurality of pairs of upright angle iron bars 4-2 and 43 only one bar from each pair being shown, which supports the conveyor 39 and similar bars 44 and 45 supporting conveyor 40.
  • These upright pieces are interjoined by a first cross bar 46 connecting them at their lower portions and by a second cross bar 47 extending substantially longitudinally and parallel with respect to the line of conveyor movement but disposed outside of the belts 39, 49 forming the conveyor path.
  • the belts 39 and 40 are mounted in normal tension by means of freely rotating shafts 48, 49, 50 and 51, two of said shafts supporting each belt.
  • Suitable journal bearings such as that shown at 52, FIGS. 3 and 4, are mounted to the cross bar 47, of the conveyor supporting framework, to provide support for the shafts at a point outside of the line of conveyor movement.
  • the conveyor belt 40 travels constantly in the direction of arrow 53 under the action of a constant speed drive motor 54 which through a suitable chain 55 causes rotation of shaft 51 by driving the shaft 51 through the medium of suitable sprocket 56 fixed to the shaft. Rollers 57 and 58 mounted on the shafts 50, 51 respectively hold belt 40 in tension and the driving action of motor 54 is transmitted to the conveyor 40 by roller 58. It is understood that the means of transmitting the drive from the various shafts to the belts is conventional in all respects and since it does not form a part of the present invention, only those portions of the drive believed necessary for a clear understanding of the invention have been and will be herein discussed.
  • belt 39 as seen in FIG. 2 independent of the belt 40, i driven by independent drive means.
  • belt 39 normally moving the direction of arrow 59, accelerates in the direction of arrow 59 and also reverses to move in the direction of arrow 60, all in timed relationship to the action of the knife shearing means also to be later described.
  • the lead edge 62 of mat 23 has moved under and beyond'the vertical line 63, appearing in dot-dash (FIG. 6 that extends directly down- Wardly from the lower edge 64 of the knife blade-65,
  • the knife blade 65 will be caused to be directed downward in the direction of arrow '66 (FIG. 6) along the line 63 at the proper moment by adjustment of suitable timing means that will be later described.
  • the knife blade 65 is mounted at the lower extremity of an air piston rod 67 and receives its downward force from the double acting air cylinder 68 when compressed air is allowed to enter the cylinder 68.
  • piston 67 is forced downward in the direction of the arrow 66 forcing the lower edge of knife 64 to extend below the substantially horizontal plane of mat 23.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 it is seen that the knife blade 65 extends transversely of the mat 23 and is supported so as to be substantially perpendicular to the path of the belts 39, 46 for the full width of the mat 23.
  • Air cylinder 68 is affixed to cross plate 69 by welding or other suitable means and an opening 70 is provided substantially central of plate 69 to coincide with the axis of movement of piston rod 67 to allow freedom of travel for the piston rod 67 both upwardly and downwardly.
  • a shoulder bearing 71 surrounds the opening and may be conventionally fitted into opening 76 either by friction t, a flange arrangement or welding It being well understood that any suitable means for mounting the cylinder 68, with its piston rod 67, on plate 69 may be used without departing from the spirit of this invention.
  • Plate 69 is supported above the plane of the conveyors and angle irons 72 and 73 are conventionally welded, one end to the plate 69 and the other end to the upper cross bar 47 of the supporting framework 41.
  • Any conventional brackets 74 or welding may be used to fixedly mount the piston rod 67 to the knife 65 and if desired, guide means 74 laying closely adjacent the terminal face portions of the knife may be utilized to maintain the knife blade in its proper position perpendicular to the plane of the conveyors.
  • conveyor 39 initially moves in the direction of arrow 59 forcing the fibrous mat 23 under and past the vertical plane determined by the line 63 extending below knife 65.
  • the timing means will cause the conveyor 39 to reverse direction so that it will then move in the direction of arrow 60 FIGS. 2 and 6.
  • This places the mat 1n tension before the blade 65 engages the mat 23 since one portion of the mat 23 is now acted upon by the conveyor belt &0 moving in the direction of arrow 53 while the other portion of the mat is acted upon by the belt 39 moving in the opposite direction as indicated by arrow 69. Therefore, when the knife 65 is forced downwards to sever or tear the mat 23 the mat 23 will be stretched in tension by'this counterdirectional tractive force.
  • this reversing of the conveyor 39 provides for a separation of the sections of the mat and is also timed, through suitable means to be hereinafter described, with the processing to be accomplished at station C so -that the individual mat sections will arrive in proper timed relationship with respect to each other and with respect to the other operating portions of the apparatus so that continued and uninterrupted operation will result.
  • the reversing of conveyor section 39 is likewise timed to the downward stroke of the knife 65 and timed in cycle with the operations of other stations in the apparatus so that each one performs its operation on the mat in timed relationship with all the other sections or stations of the apparatus.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 there is shown the reversing means 76 which provide for the hereinabove described reversing and accelerating action of conveyor belt 39.
  • a link chain 77 positioned initially as shown in heavy lines, FIG. 3, extends from a sprocket 78 which is fixedly mounted to shaft 30, which is the lower shaft at the right end of the collection means 16. This chain 77 extends up to engage a sprocket 79 which is fixed to the shaft 48.
  • the conveyor 39 is held in tension and travels along a path determined by rollers or sprockets 80, 81, as seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 and is keyed or suitably fixed to shafts 48, 49 respectively.
  • a vertical angle brace 86 is mounted by means of two cross braces 87, 88 welded or suitably fastened to upright angle extension iron 82, to position journals 89, 943 (FIG. 4) that hold shaft 83 for rotation.
  • a gear 91 mounted by means of a pin or stud 92 so as to be freely rotatable.
  • the teeth of gear 91 engage the links of chain 77 on the outer surface of the periphery so that as the chain 77 moves in the direction of arrow 93 (FIG. 3), the gear 91 rotates in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 3, ie in the direction of arrow 94.
  • At another portion of the frame bar extension 82 is mounted an arm 95 by means of a shaft 96.
  • This shaft 96 is supported from journals 97, 98 in the same manner as shaft 83 is supported by journals 89, 90.
  • Arm 95 extends downwardly and at its extremity has a gear 99 similar to the aforementioned gear 91, mounted for rotation about pin 100. The teeth of gear 99 engage the belt or chain 77 on the inside at its periphery.
  • a pair of bars 101, 102 welded to the angle iron 88 are provided to receive a shaft 193 which pivotably supports a double acting air cylinder 104.
  • a spring 105 is fastened between the extremity of arm 95 and a cross brace 46 of the framework as shown in FIG.
  • Piston rod 107 having a bifurcated end 199 is fixedly connected by stud 116 to the extremity of arm 85 and forces arm 85 to suddenly move from its heavy line position of FIG. 3 to the dotted lin position of FIG. 3. Since arm 85 is operably engaged to arm 84, by common shaft 83, the arm 84 will likewise be drawn downward to its dotted line position as shown in FIG. 3. When this downward force is applied to the arm 84 it causes chain 77 to be moved from its heavy line position to the dotted line position of FIG. 3. Since the chain is of a predetermined length when this upper portion of the chain is pulled down by arm 84 the lower portion of the chain 77 will be pulled upwards to move from its heavy line position to the dotted line position as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the timing means to be hereinafter described causes activation of air cylinder 68 to raise the lower edge 64 of blade 65 from a position below the horizontal plane of mat 23 to its horizontal position as shown in heavy lines in FIGS. 2, 5 and 6.
  • the conveyor section 39 as hereinbefore described will have been reversed so that the mat on the left side of the blade as viewed in FIG. 6 will have been pulled away from the knife blade 65. Since the conveyor 40 has constantly moved in the direction of arrow 53 the mat 23 will have pulled away from both sides of the knife and the knife will be free to raise without carrying with it the ends of the severed mat that, being impregnated with a binder, is tacky. This has been found to be most important as chain 77 returns to its normal full line position.
  • the damp,'uncured fibrous mat has a tendency-to adhere to a metallic surface and if it were not pulled away from from the knife blade, it would tend to follow the blade as it was lifted upward.
  • the timing of the reversing means 76 is such that a return of the direction of movement of conveyor 39 to its original direction as shown by arrow 59 will take place just after the timing means has elevated knife blade 65.
  • the timing means will cause a second activation of the cylinder 164, When this occurs, chain 77 is returned to its full line position as the downward force exerted by the piston 1117 in the direction of arrow 108 is released. Piston 1117 will actually be raised or thrust in the direction of arrow 111 so that all parts slowly return from their dotted line position in FIG. 3 to their full line position in FIG. 3.
  • the spring 105 which was extended or stretched when the arm 95 moved from its heavy line position to its dotted position,
  • the conveyor 40 moves the severed sections to station C.
  • an additional con veyor belt 112 supported between rollers 113 and 114 keyed on shafts 115, 116 respectively is driven by a belt or chain 117 extending from a sprocket 118 on shaft 115 to'sprocket 56 on shaft 51 and carries segment 119 to station C.
  • the conveyor 41 could be extended towards station C so as to include that portion of the conveying system supplied in FIG. 2 by the additional conveyor 112.
  • each segments movement is timed so .in that end of the mandrel.
  • a shaft 124 is supported in journal bearings'125 to extend between the opposed uprights 121 Mounted to this shaft 124 and keyed thereto at opposite ends, outside the path of the fiber material by suitable means, is a pair of sprockets 127, 128. Referring to FIG. 2, a second pair of opposed sprockets 129, 136 are mounted at station F on a shaft 131. A pair of link chains 132, 133 respectively, are supported in tension by means to be hereinafter described, to travel in a path defined by sprockets 127, 128 and 129, 136.
  • the sprockets 129, 130 at station F are mounted on shaft 131 in a manner similar to sprockets at 127, 128 of station C, i.e. between opposed 'bars 122 of the framework of the apparatus.
  • Drive motor 134 (FIG. 2) through the medium of a chain 135 engages sprocket 136, also fixed to shaft 131, to supply the power drive to the apparatus causing a rotation of the link chains 132, 133 and sprockets 127, 128, 129, 131), generally in the direction of arrow 137 of FIG.'2.
  • the block 133 is mounted to racket 141 by screws 141 and bracket is mounted to chain 133 by link pins 142.
  • the block 138 has a center opening 14-3 to receive a pair of bushings 144 held by flanges 145 against lateral shifting.
  • a shaft 146 extends through the bushings 144 and a gear 147 is fastened concentrically to the outer end thereof.
  • the section 148 of the shaft 146 extending inwardly of the block 138 is tapered as a pyramid at its end 149 for a purpose to be later described.
  • the block 139 FIG. 11 is mounted similarly to chain 133 by bracket 140, screws 141 and link pins 142.
  • a shaft 150 extends through opening 151 in bearing block 139 and has a conically tapered tip section 152 mounted to shaft 150 by a pin 153.
  • a coil spring 154 is compressed between a face of the block 139 and the opposite inner face 155 of the base of tip 152 to normally force the tip in the direction of arrow 156.
  • a knob 157 is mounted at the other end of shaft 150, by a pin 158. If the knob 157 is moved in the direction of arrow 159, it causes the tip section 152 to be withdrawn in the direction of arrow 159.
  • each pair of blocks 138, 139 suspended between each pair of blocks 138, 139 is a mandrel 161 which in the embodiment shown is hollow.
  • Each mandrel has openings 161 in its ends 162 adapted to respectively engage the conical end 152 of shaft 156 and the pyramidal end 149 of shaft 146.
  • the operator To position the mandrel the operator inserts the tip 152 into one of the openings 161 in the end of a mandrel 16$) and exerts a longitudinal pressure on the mandrel to compress spring 154.
  • the other end of the mandrel is aligned with the mating shaft 146 and upon release of the pressure the mandrel is moved endwise by spring 154 so that the pyramid end 149 engages the opening 161
  • the pyramid end 149 forms a driving connection with the mandrel for a purpose which will be disclosed hereinafter.
  • a plurality of mandrels 160 are positioned as indicated at equi-spaced points along the entire length of chains 132, 133 and suspended therebetween in opposed equi-spaced blocks 138, 139.
  • a gear 162' mounted to shaft 124 is a gear 162'.
  • This gear 162' is spaced by a shoulder bearing 163 from a sprocket 163'. Both the sprocket 163 and the gear 162' are free to rotate independent of the direction of rotation of shaft 124 by reason of their mutual connection to shoulder bearing 163.
  • a shoulder bearing 164 separates sprocket 127 from gear 162 and a shoulder 165 separates a bell crank arm 166 from the framework 129, being kept in position by pin 168 extending through the hub of sprocket 127 and shaft 124 and by collar 167 (FIG. 11) separating bell crank arm 173 from sprocket 128.
  • the drive motor 169 is connected by a drive chain 170 to sprocket 163 and causes sprocket 163' and gear 162 to rotate in the direction of arrow 171 (FIG. 9).
  • each mandrel supporting shaft 146 will engage the teeth of the sprocket 162' at a specified time.
  • FIG. 9 it is shown that as these mandrels 160 move with chains 132, 133 the gear 147 will be engaged to gear 162 riphery and the counterclockwise rotating gear 163' will cause gear 14-7 to rotate clockwise while so engaged.
  • each mandrel 160 as its gear 147 engages gear 162' will be rotated in a clockwise direction.
  • Each mandrel 168 is therefore rotated about its longitudinal axis maintained in correct longitudinal position by tapered points 149, 152 resting in the center openings 161 of the ends 162 of the mandrel.
  • a pair of bell-cranks 166, 173 each consisting of upper arms 174, 175 and lower arms 176, 177 yoked together to rotate in unison on bearings 178 (FIG. 11) mounted on shaft 124. Since the two bell cranks are identical only one will be described in detail, it being understood similar construction is present in its companion. Referring to FIGS.
  • the bell crank upper arms 174, 175 are bifurcated to form an opening 179 between secondary arms 180, 181.
  • a shaft 188 pushing through the openings 179 has gears 189 and 190 mounted at its ends and the gears are held against lateral shifting by collars 191, 192 as they engage the racks 186, 187.
  • This shaft supports a forming roller 193 that extends transversely of the direction of movement of the mandrels and which is slightly shorter in length than the mandrels 160.
  • This forming roller 193 being fixed to the shaft will rotate with the freely rotatable shaft 188 when a force is imparted to it.
  • the gears 139, 199 as seen in FIGS. 9 and 11 are secured to the shaft 188 by pins 194 so that the gears 189, 190, the shaft 188 and the forming roll 193 form a unitary structure.
  • each mandrel 1611 is moving along the path of the chain in the direction of arrow 137 and through the engagement of gears 147 with gear 162' the mandrels will rotate about their longitudinal axis in a clockwise direction.
  • the mat segment 119 is acted upon by the rotating mandrel in the nip between forming roller 193 and mandrel 160 the segment is drawn or wound about the mandrel and the forming roller 193 rotates as a backup roller in a counterclockwise direction.
  • the mat segment 119 is therefore subject to pressure while being wrapped around mandrel 161) through the weight of roller 193.
  • This pressure applied the full length of the mat segment blends the fibers intimately as the pipe covering is formed to prevent the formation of layers during the wrapping.
  • the amount of the pressure may be varied according to the conditions of pressure as determined by manufacturing requirements.
  • this pressure continues for a period of time during which the forming roller 193 and mandrel 160 are locked to one another, after the mat is wrapped about the mandrel and carried together along the path of the mandrels defined by chains 132, 133. Therefore, when the Wrap of segment 119 about mandrel 161) is completed, roller 193 bears against the peripheral surface area of the formed pipe covering to smooth the peripheral surface and to cause the trial edge of the segment which is tapered, to be blended intimately into the peripheral surface.
  • a bracket 194' (FIGS. 10, 11 and 12) fastened by screws 195, 196 which supports the means which serves as a temporary connection to synchronize movement of the roller 193 and the mandrel 1611 to carry both along together while the bell crank 166 moves from its heavy line position of FIG. 10 to the dotted line position of FIG. 10.
  • An arm 197 extending substantially tangentially to the periphery of the sprocket is attached to a sheath or sleeve 198 which is about a shaft 199. The shaft extends from the bracket 194 inwardly over the path of chain 133.
  • a camming pin 299 which extends over the path of chain 133 in a position to engage the surface of a cam 281 that is suitably mounted by screws 292 to a cross angle iron bar 2113 which forms part of the framework of the apparatus.
  • the extremity of the arm 197 is bifurcated to receive a downwardly extended dog hook 204 held in place by pins 205, 206.
  • a tension spring 2117 connected between the arm 174 and an upwardly extended bar 208 joined to sheath 198 normally holds the hook in its solid line position as seen in FIG. 10 and in its dashed line position as shown in FIG. 12.
  • each block 139 will engage the dog hook 284 so that the bell cranks 166, 173 move with the mandrel 160.
  • This engagement takes place at the same time the mandrel 168 is rotating, as hereinbefore described, so that the mandrel engages the roller 193 forming a nip therebetween to draw the individual and successively delivered fiber mat sections 119 about the mandrel.
  • the block 139-hook 2114 engagement has raised the bell cranks from the full line position to the dotted position (F1689 and the pin 2110 will be cammed upwardly by the action of the camming plate 281.
  • the roller 193 bearing against the rotating mandrel is mounted so that it is free to move upwardly with respect to the mandrel 166 as the material is wrapped about the mandrel.
  • the mandrel 16,8 reaches the fully raised position indicated in dotted outline in FIGS. 9 and 10 the wrap will have been completed and after it rolls the outside periphery to smooth the casing the forming roller 193 may be released to return to its rest or mandrel aligned position where it will be positioned to engage a subsequent mandrel carried by the chains 132, 133.
  • the brackets 214, 215 are welded orotherwise suitably mounted to a cross bar 216 which interconnect the angle irons 120.
  • the mounting of cam 291 is accomplished through a connecting arm 217 by means of screws and bolts 202.
  • the cam 281 is longitudinally shiftable for adjustment as the screw shafts extendthrough the longitudinal slot 218 (FIG. 12) and this adjustment controls the moment that forming roller 193 will be released from dog 204.
  • a safety or holding plate 219 is mounted to the upper ends of hell arms 17.4, 175 by means of screws 22%. This also forms an upper limiting stop for the hereinabove discussed walking action of roller 193.
  • Air cylinder 212 provides a cushioning action to counteract the'falling forming roller 193 suspended between'bell cranks 166, 173 which falls under its own weight.
  • the cylinder 212 provides positive pressure to position the bell cranks 166, 173 and forming'roller 193 to align them relative to the succeeding mandrels so that the subsequent sections of the fibrous mat will bedrawn into the, nip between roller 193 and mandrel 160 and onto the mandrel 160. It is important that this relationship between the forming roller and mandrel be maintained to be sure that the proper and constant wrap of a fiber mat section 119 will be made about the mandrels.
  • an opening 221 is formed in the framework :by cross bars 203 and 222 which are joined by vertical angle irons 223 and frame upright 129.
  • the journal is surrounded and integraliy attached to a slidable plate 224 which has longitudinal key slots 225, 226 which ride in vertical tracks 227, 228 welded to the angle irons 222, 2193 respectively.
  • a hollow lug 229 (FIG.
  • plate 224 integrally joined to plate 224 has an internally threaded sleeve 230.
  • a hexagonal headed screw 231 extends through a nut 232 welded to the side of the frame support 128 and continues through the sleeve 230 to terminate at the hollow center of the lug 229 where the end is secured by a washer and a cotter pin.
  • screw 231 By adjustment of screw 231 the plate 224 will move journal 125 longitudinally with respect to the frame to properiy tension the chains 132, 133.
  • the journal construction on opposed sides of the frame is identical.
  • Other conventional means can be used such as weights instead of screws 231 to achieve tension in chains 132, 133 without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the pressure of the forming roller 193 causes the feathered edges to be pressed flat against the body of the pipe covering as hereinbefore described so that it becomes almost impossible to visually determine where the section starts or stops in the cylindrical form. This insures an even wall thickness around the entire circumference of the pipe covering.
  • the gear 189, 191i and rack 186, 187 arrangement allows the roller shaft 188 to walk-up between bifurcated arms 174, has been hereinbefore described.
  • a pair of cam plates 234, 235 are adjustably mounted from a pair of blocks 236 which in turn are welded to the framework cross bars such as 203.
  • Forming roller cam plates are adjustable for a purpose to be later described and the hubs of gears 189, 191) ride on the cam edge 237 of these plates. This adjustability is secured through suitable retaining screws 238, 239 which engage the plates 234 to block 236 through slots 240, 241.
  • Similar screws are provided to adjust the plate 235 so that plates 234 and 235 may be aligned with respect to each other.
  • the shaft 188 is positively raised and the distance between the circumferential surface of roller 193 and the circumferential surface of mandrel 160 is gradually increased diameter of the wrapped casin
  • the roller 193 therefore bears downwardly against the fibrous material as it is being wrapped about the mandrel 160.
  • the portion of the weight of this roller 193 which presses against the tacky fiber mat is sufficient to provide a pipe coverin in normal operation which has a density of three pounds per cubic foot or less.
  • cams 234, 235 are shaped, in the embodiment shown, to lift the roller gradually with relation to the rotational axis of mandrel 160 to maintain a constant weight on the wrapped material and at the same time to compensate for the progressively increasing thickness of the material. It follows that forming roller 193 by adjustment of cams 234,
  • 235 may be caused to exert greater pressure at any selected moment of the wrapping period so as to compress the fibers more fully at any selected portion of the casing, i.e. at the middle of the pipe covering or at the outer shell.
  • the forming roller 193 does not freely rest on the material although it contacts the material and is so rotated through this contact, but strictly speaking, the roller 193 rests against the material and exerts through its own weight pressure against

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
US718636A 1958-03-03 1958-03-03 Method and apparatus for forming and collecting fibers into an improved pipe covering Expired - Lifetime US3063887A (en)

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US718636A US3063887A (en) 1958-03-03 1958-03-03 Method and apparatus for forming and collecting fibers into an improved pipe covering
BE576213A BE576213A (fr) 1958-03-03 1959-02-27 Procédé et dispositif pour la formation de couvertures fibreuses.
DK76959AA DK104545C (da) 1958-03-03 1959-03-02 Fremgangsmåde og apparat til fremstilling af et hovedsagelig cylindrisk fibrøst hylster.

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3121253A (en) * 1960-12-20 1964-02-18 Bell Aerospace Corp Apparatus for forming pipe insulation sleeves
US3253973A (en) * 1961-01-30 1966-05-31 Rockwool Ab Apparatus for making pipe insulating shells from mineral wool
US3256503A (en) * 1961-04-25 1966-06-14 Flexible Tubing Corp Apparatus for the manufacture of flexible tubes of resin-impregnated porous material
US3267190A (en) * 1965-04-12 1966-08-16 Electric Storage Battery Co Method of making storage battery electrodes
US3344009A (en) * 1961-02-06 1967-09-26 Saint Gobain Apparatus for forming hollow cylinders of resin-impregnated mineral fiber mats
US3347725A (en) * 1963-02-27 1967-10-17 Certain Teed Prod Corp Method of making tubular thermal insulation
US3479239A (en) * 1965-11-24 1969-11-18 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for producing tubular fibrous bodies
US3678848A (en) * 1969-08-25 1972-07-25 Weber Marking Systems Inc Inking pad and use thereof
US3755039A (en) * 1971-04-26 1973-08-28 Johns Manville Method of slitting and jacketing cylindrical bodies
US3891493A (en) * 1971-04-26 1975-06-24 Johns Manville Apparatus for slitting positioning and wrapping tubular objects
US3929554A (en) * 1972-06-14 1975-12-30 Wavin Bv Device for manufacturing fibre reinforced plastic tubes
US3930926A (en) * 1971-09-14 1976-01-06 Johns-Manville Corporation Apparatus for forming tubular fibrous insulatory articles
US4172312A (en) * 1975-09-08 1979-10-30 British Steel Corporation Method of making expandable seal for use between a recuperator tube and recuperator
DE2920895A1 (de) * 1979-05-23 1980-12-04 Wilfried Seitz Rohrisolierschale aus mineralwolle und verfahren zu deren herstellung
US4251590A (en) * 1979-06-18 1981-02-17 Johns-Manville Corporation High temperature pipe insulation
US20050130031A1 (en) * 1997-09-02 2005-06-16 Zguris George C. Mat of glass and other fibers and method for producing such mat
US20090107384A1 (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-04-30 Stephenson Jr Samuel S Fender System for Vessels Which Allows Fenders to Self Adjust
US20100154611A1 (en) * 2006-09-21 2010-06-24 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire component cutter apparatus and method of cutting

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US1599239A (en) * 1924-12-24 1926-09-07 Knox James Machine for breaking or tearing into lengths hemp, fiber, and the like
US2019417A (en) * 1933-03-07 1935-10-29 Cape Asbestos Company Ltd Method of manufacture of heat nonconducting coverings for pipes and the like
US2216759A (en) * 1935-01-31 1940-10-08 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for fabricating fibrous material
US2305516A (en) * 1940-05-29 1942-12-15 Johns Manville Method of manufacturing mineral wool product
US2331146A (en) * 1936-12-24 1943-10-05 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of felting glass fibers
US2778759A (en) * 1952-11-05 1957-01-22 Gustin Bacon Mfg Co Thermal pipe insulation
US2783837A (en) * 1949-01-07 1957-03-05 Owens-Corning Fiberglass Corp. Packaged insulating bats and method and apparatus for making them
US2997096A (en) * 1957-05-16 1961-08-22 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Multiple stage methods and apparatus for curing the binder of fibrous glass masses

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1599239A (en) * 1924-12-24 1926-09-07 Knox James Machine for breaking or tearing into lengths hemp, fiber, and the like
US2019417A (en) * 1933-03-07 1935-10-29 Cape Asbestos Company Ltd Method of manufacture of heat nonconducting coverings for pipes and the like
US2216759A (en) * 1935-01-31 1940-10-08 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for fabricating fibrous material
US2331146A (en) * 1936-12-24 1943-10-05 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of felting glass fibers
US2305516A (en) * 1940-05-29 1942-12-15 Johns Manville Method of manufacturing mineral wool product
US2783837A (en) * 1949-01-07 1957-03-05 Owens-Corning Fiberglass Corp. Packaged insulating bats and method and apparatus for making them
US2778759A (en) * 1952-11-05 1957-01-22 Gustin Bacon Mfg Co Thermal pipe insulation
US2997096A (en) * 1957-05-16 1961-08-22 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Multiple stage methods and apparatus for curing the binder of fibrous glass masses

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3121253A (en) * 1960-12-20 1964-02-18 Bell Aerospace Corp Apparatus for forming pipe insulation sleeves
US3253973A (en) * 1961-01-30 1966-05-31 Rockwool Ab Apparatus for making pipe insulating shells from mineral wool
US3344009A (en) * 1961-02-06 1967-09-26 Saint Gobain Apparatus for forming hollow cylinders of resin-impregnated mineral fiber mats
US3256503A (en) * 1961-04-25 1966-06-14 Flexible Tubing Corp Apparatus for the manufacture of flexible tubes of resin-impregnated porous material
US3347725A (en) * 1963-02-27 1967-10-17 Certain Teed Prod Corp Method of making tubular thermal insulation
US3267190A (en) * 1965-04-12 1966-08-16 Electric Storage Battery Co Method of making storage battery electrodes
US3479239A (en) * 1965-11-24 1969-11-18 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for producing tubular fibrous bodies
US3678848A (en) * 1969-08-25 1972-07-25 Weber Marking Systems Inc Inking pad and use thereof
US3755039A (en) * 1971-04-26 1973-08-28 Johns Manville Method of slitting and jacketing cylindrical bodies
US3891493A (en) * 1971-04-26 1975-06-24 Johns Manville Apparatus for slitting positioning and wrapping tubular objects
US3930926A (en) * 1971-09-14 1976-01-06 Johns-Manville Corporation Apparatus for forming tubular fibrous insulatory articles
US3929554A (en) * 1972-06-14 1975-12-30 Wavin Bv Device for manufacturing fibre reinforced plastic tubes
US4172312A (en) * 1975-09-08 1979-10-30 British Steel Corporation Method of making expandable seal for use between a recuperator tube and recuperator
DE2920895A1 (de) * 1979-05-23 1980-12-04 Wilfried Seitz Rohrisolierschale aus mineralwolle und verfahren zu deren herstellung
US4251590A (en) * 1979-06-18 1981-02-17 Johns-Manville Corporation High temperature pipe insulation
US20050130031A1 (en) * 1997-09-02 2005-06-16 Zguris George C. Mat of glass and other fibers and method for producing such mat
US7288338B2 (en) * 1997-09-02 2007-10-30 Kvg Technologies, Inc. Mat of glass and other fibers and method for producing such mat
US20100154611A1 (en) * 2006-09-21 2010-06-24 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire component cutter apparatus and method of cutting
US8256481B2 (en) * 2006-09-21 2012-09-04 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire component cutter apparatus and method of cutting
US20090107384A1 (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-04-30 Stephenson Jr Samuel S Fender System for Vessels Which Allows Fenders to Self Adjust

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Publication number Publication date
BE576213A (fr) 1959-08-27
DK104545C (da) 1966-05-31

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