US3080497A - Bent end incandescent lamp - Google Patents

Bent end incandescent lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US3080497A
US3080497A US859053A US85905359A US3080497A US 3080497 A US3080497 A US 3080497A US 859053 A US859053 A US 859053A US 85905359 A US85905359 A US 85905359A US 3080497 A US3080497 A US 3080497A
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United States
Prior art keywords
envelope
portions
wires
lead
compressed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US859053A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edward B Noel
Victor A Levand
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General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US859053A priority Critical patent/US3080497A/en
Priority to GB41170/60A priority patent/GB923294A/en
Priority to BE597965A priority patent/BE597965A/fr
Priority to CH1380560A priority patent/CH393530A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3080497A publication Critical patent/US3080497A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/38—Seals for leading-in conductors

Definitions

  • Our invention relates to electric incandescent lamps, and more particularly to elongated tubular double-ended lamps having a filament extending longitudinally of the tubular envelope and connected at its ends to the inner ends of lead-in wires which extend outwardly through hermetic seals at the extremities of the envelope.
  • tubular incandescent lamps having laterally extending end portions which preferably extend at right angles to the main body portion of the envelope.
  • Such a construction not only shortens the dead space between successive lamps arranged in end-to-end relationship but, even more importantly, it enables the lamps to be mounted with the atermly extending end portions projecting outwardly through the walls of a fixture or other support or enclosure and thereby protected from high temperatures and oxidation of the exposed lead-in wires.
  • Such a .ructure is particularly useful in infrared or heat lamps having an envelope of quartz and lead-in wires of molybdenum wherein the molybdenum lead wires are subject to oxidation with resultant destruction of the hermetic seal.
  • the lamp comprises a tubular envelope of vitreous material such as glass or quartz, and lead-in wires of greater than normal length, each of the end portions of the envelope enclosing the lead-in wires being compressed at two spaced areas, the outermost compressed area being hermetically sealed to the respective lead-in wires, and the envelope being bent at the innermost compressed areas along with the portions of the lead-in wires enclosed thereby.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4- are elevations, in section, showing various steps in the manufacture of a lamp comprising our invention
  • F163. 5 and 6 are sections of compressed portions of the lamp envelope taken along the respective lines 5-5 in FIG. 2 and 6-6 in F1633;
  • PEG. 7 is a perspective view of one end of the lamp
  • FIG. 8 is an elevation, in section, illustrating a moditied method of making the lamp.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are elevations illustrating steps in another modification of the method of manufacture.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 One method of manufacturing a lamp comprising our invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • an elongated tubular envelope 1 of vitreous material is assembled with a mount structure comprising a coiled tungsten wire filament 2, a plurality of supports 3 and lead-in wires 4.
  • the supports 3 are preferably tantalum disks of the type disclosed and claimed in Patent 2,813,- 993, Fridrich; they are attached at spaced intervals along the length of the filament 2 and are of slightly smaller diameter than the envelope 1 and serve to support the filament from the inner walls of the envelope.
  • the leadin wires 4 are of longer than normal length, are secured at their inner ends to respective ends of the filament 2, and extend longitudinally to the exterior of the envelope 1.
  • the leads a are preferably of molybdenum wire having a very thin intermediate foliated or ribbon portion 5 for making a hermetic seal with the quartz envelope.
  • the assembly is preferably an ranged vertically in apparatus similar to that shown in Patent 2,855,265, Poote et al.
  • the filament mount structure is suspended from an apertured cap 6 which is threaded over the outer end of the upper lead wire 4 and which has a rubber stopper portion 7 which is pushed into the upper end of the envelope 1 to plug that end and close it oif from the atmosphere.
  • the lead wire 4 is gripped between an adjustable screw 8 in the body of the cap and the end of a clamping lever 9 which is pivoted on a pin 1i) and is held in a normally closed position by the expansion of a spring 11.
  • the outer end of the lower lead 4 is pulled down to stretch the filament 2 slightly and is clamped in an aperture in a chuck 12.
  • the air in the envelope 1 is displaced by a how of inert gas, such as argon, which is introduced into the envelope through a tribulation 13 at the center thereof and which fiows out of the envelope through the lower end thereof.
  • inert gas such as argon
  • the envelope l Shortly after starting the gas flow, the envelope l is heated and softened in an area around the inner end of the lower lead wire 4 and is then pinched upon the lead wire by suitably shaped jaws to form the compressed or collapsed portion 14 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the said portion i4 is only partially collapsed, preferably to an I-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 6, to leave a pair of longitudinally extending passages or crevices 15 through the interior thereof and through which the inert gas continues to tlow out of the envelope.
  • the lower extremity of the envelope 1 is then heated and softened and subsequently pinched upon the ribbon portion 5 of the lower lead wire 4 to form the compressed and pinched sea-1 portion 16 shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 which hermetically seals the lower end of the envelope.
  • the pressure of the inert gas in the envelope is preferably prevented from rising sufficiently to distort the plastic seal area by a suitable relief valve; a suitable form of such relief valve is shown in the aforesaid Foote et al. Patent 2,855,265.
  • the cap 6 is then removed from the upper end of the envelope 1, and the envelope is inverted and the outer end of the then lowermost lead wire 4 is threaded into the chuck 12. During all this time the flow of inert gas is maintained through the tubulation 13 to drive out any air which may have been pocketed in the end of the envelope which was originally uppermost.
  • the lamp Upon completion of the sealing operation, the lamp, with the inert gas pressure therein equalized and maintained close to atmospheric by virtue of a suitable relief valve in the supply line, may be placed in a suitable forming jig, heated and softened at the compressed areas 14 and bent at those areas to form end or leg portions 17 (FIG. 4) extending laterally from the main body portion of the envelope containing the filament 2. Then the tubulation 13 is fused and tipped off at 18 with the inert gas retained in the envelope 2. as the permanent gas filling.
  • the preferred I-shaped (or H-shaped) cross section of the bent compressed area 14 not only provides a convenient manner of forming the passages 15, but serves to provide desirable added strength to the lateral end.
  • the compressed portions 14 are preferably bent along the plane including the web portion of the I-shaped section.
  • the flattened seal portions 16 are in planes normal to the plane containing the U-shaped envelope, but they may be oriented 90 to be in that plane.
  • the hermetic seals 16 may be formed to an I-shaped section similar to that shown in FIG. 6 but completely collapsed to avoid the presence of the passages 15; in that event, both of the compressed areas 14 and 16 may be formed by the same pair of pinch jaws by arranging that they do not close fully upon the area 14 so as to leave the passages 15 therethrough.
  • the lamp When used as a source of infrared radiation, the lamp may be placed with the main body portion of its envelope in the interior of an enclosure such as a furnace or reflector, and its end or leg portions 17 extending outwardly through openings in the wall of the enclosure. In that way, the outer exposed ends of the lead wire 4 are protected from high temperatures and oxidation which would cause the seals 16 to crack and thereby destroy the hermetic seal.
  • an enclosure such as a furnace or reflector
  • the lamp may be made of a tipless construction by a method which, in its preliminary steps, is a modification of that disclosed in Patent 2,900,771, Levand.
  • the assembly of envelope 1 and mount structure including filament 2 and lead wires 4 is preferably disposed in a vertical position with its upper end (not shown) tightly plugged, for example by a cap like that shown at 6 in FIG. 1.
  • the inert gas is directed into the lower end of the envelope 1 through a hollow needle 20 to flush the interior of the envelope.
  • the envelope is then softened and partially compressed or collapsed at the area 14 to produce the I-beam shaped section shown in FIG. 6 with the passages 15 which permit the flow of gas to continue.
  • the lower extremity of the envelope is heated to a plastic condition, the needle 20 is withdrawn, and the plastic area is compressed as shown at 16 in FIGS. 3 and to form a hermetic seal about the ribbon portion 5 of the lead Wire 4.
  • the lamp is then inverted, the
  • the needle 20 is inserted into the then lower end of the envelope, and the envelope is heated and compressed at the areas 14 and 16 (FIGS. 2 and 3) in the same manner as described above, the envelope 1 being thereby permanently sealed with the gas filling contained therein at a pressure which may be some 500600 mm. of Hg at room temperature.
  • the lamp may then be heated and bent at the areas 14 to a form in all respects like that shown in FIG. 4 except for the absence of the tip 18.
  • the method described immediately above may be modified by flushing the envelope 1 with inert gas from the top, forming the compressed area 14 adjacent the lower end and the seal 16 at the lower extremity, and then inverting the envelope, flushing with gas through the needle 20 and forming the compressed areas 14 and 16 as described above in connection with FIG. 8.
  • the envelope 1 is flushed and filled with inert gas at a pressure somewhat below atmospheric, and the extremities of the envelope are hermetically sealed at 16 in any suitable manner but preferably by one of the methods disclosed in either of the aforementioned Patents 2,900,771, Levand, or 2,855,265, Foote et al.
  • One of those methods would be like that described above in connection with FIGS. 1 and 3 and omitting the formation of the compressed areas 14; the other method would be like that described in connection with FIG. 8 and again omitting the compressed areas 14.
  • the portions of the envelope surrounding the inner ends of the elongated lead wires 4 are then heated by opposed burners 21 (FIG. 10) which emit elongated narrow flames, and the heating is continued to cause the envelope to collapse to an I-shaped section 14 essentially like that shown in FIG. 6.
  • opposed burners 21 FIG. 10
  • the heating is continued to cause the envelope to collapse to an I-shaped section 14 essentially like that shown in FIG. 6.
  • the passages 15 remain or whether a hermetic seal is formed at the section 14.
  • the two compressed areas 14 adjacent respective ends of the envelope be formed successively in order to avoid heating the gas filling in the envelope 1 to a temperature so high as to increase its pressure sufiiciently to form a bulge in the plastic envelope material in the vicinity of the area 14. While the envelope material in each area 14 is still plastic from the collapsing operation, it may be bent to the form shown in FIG. 4.
  • a double-ended elongated electric incandescent lamp comprising a sealed gas-filled tubular envelope of vitreous material, an elongated current supply lead-in wire extending from the exterior at each end of said envelope a substantial distance inwardly of the envelope, an incandescible filament extending longitudnially ofi only a main body portion of said envelope between the inner ends of said lead-in wires and connected directly to said wires, seal portions at the extremities of said envelope com pressed upon and hermetically sealed to localized portions of the respective lead-in wires extending therethrough, localized pinch portions of said envelope spaced from respective said seal portions and compressed upon localized portions of the said respective lead-in wires adjacent their inner ends, the ends of said envelope beyond respective p nch portions extending laterally of and a substantial distance beyond the main body portion by virtue of a bend at respective said pinch portions.
  • a double-ended elongated electric incandecent lamp comprising a sealed gas-filled tubular envelope of vitreous material, an elongated current supply lead-in wire extending from the exterior at each end of said envelope a substantial distance inwardly of the envelope, an incandescible filament extending longitudinally ofi a main body portion of said envelope between the inner ends of said lead-in wires and connected to said wires, seal portrons at the extremities of said envelope compressed upon and hermetically sealed to localized portions of the respective lead-in wires extending therethrough, localized pinch portions of said envelope spaced from respective sa1d seal portions and compressed upon localized portions of respective lead-in wires adjacent their inner ends, the ends of said envelope beyond respective pinch portions extending laterally of and a substantial distance beyond the main body portion by virtue of a bend at respective said pinch portions, the said pinch portions of the envelope having longitudinal passages throughout aflcrding communication between the said main body portion of the envelope and the respective laterally extending end portions of the envelope.

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US859053A 1959-12-11 1959-12-11 Bent end incandescent lamp Expired - Lifetime US3080497A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US859053A US3080497A (en) 1959-12-11 1959-12-11 Bent end incandescent lamp
GB41170/60A GB923294A (en) 1959-12-11 1960-11-30 Improvements in bent end incandescent lamp
BE597965A BE597965A (fr) 1959-12-11 1960-12-08 Lampe à incandescence à extremites coudées.
CH1380560A CH393530A (de) 1959-12-11 1960-12-09 Glühlampe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US859053A US3080497A (en) 1959-12-11 1959-12-11 Bent end incandescent lamp

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US3080497A true US3080497A (en) 1963-03-05

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US (1) US3080497A (fr)
BE (1) BE597965A (fr)
CH (1) CH393530A (fr)
GB (1) GB923294A (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3140417A (en) * 1961-01-16 1964-07-07 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Electric lamp stem with strain relieving sleeve
US3237045A (en) * 1962-03-16 1966-02-22 Gen Electric Bent end electric lamp having lead wires anchored at ends of bend and provided with expansion portion
US3448320A (en) * 1966-12-15 1969-06-03 Gen Electric Electric lamp and method of manufacture
US3515930A (en) * 1968-07-31 1970-06-02 Gen Electric Compact bent end electric lamp
US3535577A (en) * 1966-11-30 1970-10-20 Philips Corp Tubular electric incandescent lamp with filament and current supply wires spaced from tube walls
US3758807A (en) * 1970-09-03 1973-09-11 Philips Corp Electric filament lamp
US4499398A (en) * 1982-06-08 1985-02-12 Munroe Ronald G Incandescent lighting
US4512488A (en) * 1982-05-27 1985-04-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Sealing tubulation and method
US4677338A (en) * 1982-05-07 1987-06-30 The General Electric Company, P.L.C. Electric lamps having outer stem surface which minimizes internal reflections
US4700107A (en) * 1984-12-08 1987-10-13 U.S. Philips Corporation High-pressure discharge lamp having a tungsten sheet electrode
US20060244383A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-02 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh Electric lamp having retaining pinches for the luminous element
US7234973B1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-06-26 Shelly Mark E Lighting system having modified light bulb base and luminare socket for preventing the selection of an over wattage light bulb and method of forming same

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US263304A (en) * 1882-08-29 Manufacturing incandescent electric lamps
US2056665A (en) * 1934-08-18 1936-10-06 Gen Electric Vapor electric discharge device
US2225465A (en) * 1938-11-18 1940-12-17 Lorenz C Ag Electron discharge device
US2347044A (en) * 1941-10-10 1944-04-18 Joseph E Frances Pipe bell hub and sealing means
US2486497A (en) * 1946-04-23 1949-11-01 George C Salneu Termination for electric discharge lamps
US2523033A (en) * 1949-12-16 1950-09-19 Gen Electric Electric radiant energy device
US2910605A (en) * 1958-06-23 1959-10-27 Gen Electric Radiant energy device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US263304A (en) * 1882-08-29 Manufacturing incandescent electric lamps
US2056665A (en) * 1934-08-18 1936-10-06 Gen Electric Vapor electric discharge device
US2225465A (en) * 1938-11-18 1940-12-17 Lorenz C Ag Electron discharge device
US2347044A (en) * 1941-10-10 1944-04-18 Joseph E Frances Pipe bell hub and sealing means
US2486497A (en) * 1946-04-23 1949-11-01 George C Salneu Termination for electric discharge lamps
US2523033A (en) * 1949-12-16 1950-09-19 Gen Electric Electric radiant energy device
US2910605A (en) * 1958-06-23 1959-10-27 Gen Electric Radiant energy device

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3140417A (en) * 1961-01-16 1964-07-07 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Electric lamp stem with strain relieving sleeve
US3237045A (en) * 1962-03-16 1966-02-22 Gen Electric Bent end electric lamp having lead wires anchored at ends of bend and provided with expansion portion
US3535577A (en) * 1966-11-30 1970-10-20 Philips Corp Tubular electric incandescent lamp with filament and current supply wires spaced from tube walls
US3448320A (en) * 1966-12-15 1969-06-03 Gen Electric Electric lamp and method of manufacture
US3515930A (en) * 1968-07-31 1970-06-02 Gen Electric Compact bent end electric lamp
US3758807A (en) * 1970-09-03 1973-09-11 Philips Corp Electric filament lamp
US4677338A (en) * 1982-05-07 1987-06-30 The General Electric Company, P.L.C. Electric lamps having outer stem surface which minimizes internal reflections
US4512488A (en) * 1982-05-27 1985-04-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Sealing tubulation and method
US4499398A (en) * 1982-06-08 1985-02-12 Munroe Ronald G Incandescent lighting
US4700107A (en) * 1984-12-08 1987-10-13 U.S. Philips Corporation High-pressure discharge lamp having a tungsten sheet electrode
US20060244383A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-02 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh Electric lamp having retaining pinches for the luminous element
US7548025B2 (en) * 2005-04-28 2009-06-16 Osram Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung Electric lamp having retaining pinches for the luminous element
US7234973B1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-06-26 Shelly Mark E Lighting system having modified light bulb base and luminare socket for preventing the selection of an over wattage light bulb and method of forming same

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Publication number Publication date
CH393530A (de) 1965-06-15
GB923294A (en) 1963-04-10
BE597965A (fr) 1961-03-31

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