US3090277A - Braided combined cordage - Google Patents

Braided combined cordage Download PDF

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Publication number
US3090277A
US3090277A US814307A US81430759A US3090277A US 3090277 A US3090277 A US 3090277A US 814307 A US814307 A US 814307A US 81430759 A US81430759 A US 81430759A US 3090277 A US3090277 A US 3090277A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
twist
strands
strand
rope
yarn
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US814307A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schmittmann Hans-Richard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3090277A publication Critical patent/US3090277A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H59/00—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators
    • B65H59/02—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by regulating delivery of material from supply package
    • B65H59/04—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by regulating delivery of material from supply package by devices acting on package or support
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C1/00—Braid or lace, e.g. pillow-lace; Processes for the manufacture thereof
    • D04C1/06—Braid or lace serving particular purposes
    • D04C1/12—Cords, lines, or tows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/147—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising electric conductors or elements for information transfer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1012—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure
    • D07B2201/102—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure including a core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1096—Rope or cable structures braided
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021—Metals
    • D07B2205/3067—Copper (Cu)

Definitions

  • HANS RICHARD SCHM/TT- MANN Braided ropes with a diameter up to a maximum of 20 mm. are known. Formed strands have not hitherto been used in the manufacture of such braided ropes but yarns or twines instead, and the ropes could only be manufactured as a hollow or tubular braid. In the case of thicker ropes or cables built up of strands it was necessary to lay ropes either with a cable lay or with a hawser lay.
  • the present invention is therefore a combination of the forming process and the normal braiding process.
  • the material experiences a shortening due to twisting of about 33 /s%, based on the initial length.
  • the shortening in relation to the initial material is only 2022%.
  • the rope can be worked comparatively loosely.
  • the rope can be satisfactorily spliced.
  • the splice does not show any thickening. (With a thickened splice, the thickening represents a source of danger.)
  • the rope is also not deformed by tension or acceleration and it is non-spinning.
  • the rope having the formed strand/braid construction has a weight advantage of 12% over the cable-laid rope.
  • FIG. 1 shows the make up of a yarn having an Satwist using components having a .Z-twist
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of a strand in accordance with the invention having 16 yarns in the outer layer, 9 yarns in the inner layer and a filament bundle as core
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic side view States Patent partially broken away to illustrate details of construction of a strand of the type shown in FIG. 2, having an outer layer of yarn with a Z-twist, an inner layer of yarn with an S-twist, and a monofilament bundle as core,
  • FIG. 4 shows the twist formation of a rope to be manufactured according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 illustrates by Way of example an arrangement for braiding the strands
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section of the braided rope of the invention having a central core, illustrating the disposition of the S-twisted and Z-twisted strands about the core.
  • each strand being made as a twisted formation; three strands have a .Z-twist (see the three Z strands in FIG. 4), the arrangement being such that the inner layers of the Z strands are made of yarns with a Z-twist and the outer layers of yarns with a S-twist in the forming process.
  • the converse forming process is used, i.e. the inner layers consist of yarns with a S-twist and the outer layers of yarns with a Z-twist.
  • the strands have a S-turn in the rope.
  • Core yarn IXNm. 2/O.9 Inner layer 6 Nm. 2/ 0.9 Z.
  • the six-strand bobbins are braided to form a hawser or cable on a special rope-braiding machine.
  • the three S-bobbins run in one direction of curvature and the three Z-bobbins also in one direction of curvature.
  • the strand bobbins of the six-strand rope-braiding machine have two constant cord brakes over the rim of the bobbin flange. (Grooves machined in the rim of the bobbin prevent the brake cord from slipping off.)
  • a fully mechanical brake controlled by a lever pressure arm renders possible a constant working of the strand in the ropeforming process.
  • the ropes are not subsequently fixed, but are ready for use on leaving the rope-braiding machine.
  • the lines and ropes of this construction can be spliced, both with a long splice and an eye splice.
  • a mechanical brake for a braiding machine is shown by way of example in FIG. 5.
  • 1 is the brake drum
  • 2 the brake pulleys
  • 3 the brake shafts
  • 4 the brake band roller
  • 5 the steel brake band
  • 6 the brake band tightening screw
  • 7 the cross-member
  • 8 the balancing lever arm with tightening slots
  • 9 the brake cord
  • 10 the tension springs
  • 11 the positioning slots
  • -12 the bobbin flange
  • 13 the tensioning screw for the brake cord
  • 14 the brake cord hook 15 the spring tension locking nut
  • 16 the spring tensioning screw
  • 17 the spring pin
  • 18 the brake plate
  • 19 the path of the strands and 20 the braiding point.
  • a strand bobbin 12 is connected by a driving pin to a brake drum 1.
  • a brake band tensioning screw 6 is arranged on the cross-member 7 of the bobbin support.
  • This brake band 5 passes over the brake drum 1 to the brake band pulley 4.
  • the brake band pulley 4 is mounted together with a balancing lever arm 8 on the brake shaft 3.
  • a brake plate 18 serving as support for the idling brake pulleys 2. If the balancing lever arm 8 is moved, the brake band pulley 4 is also moved in the same direction.
  • the tension springs 10 counteract the pressure of the strand 19.
  • the brake means can be so adapted to any strand diameter that the strand tension is uniformly and automatically regulated.
  • the strand bobbin 12 is completely filled with a strand 19 and the diameter thereof is thus large.
  • the diameter of the bobbin is steadily reduced.
  • the delivery speed of the strand is constant. As the bobbin diameter becomes progressively smaller, the bobbin 12 must rotate more quickly.
  • the initial loading of the strand 19 becomes greater as the speed of the bobbin increases.
  • the resultant greater strand tension acts automatically on the brake rollers 2 in such a way that the balancing lever arm is lowered, this movement slackening off the brake band 5.
  • the tension of the strand is automatically adjusted to all the different bobbin diameters which occur, so that the loading of the strand remains the same from the commencement to the end of the operation.
  • the untwisted plastic bundle of filaments is given a protective twist.
  • the turns necessary for this twist are calculated from fixed values.
  • the auxiliary numbers necessary for calculating the twist are the same for all bundle counts, but different for each yarn count.
  • the effect of the protective twist is that tension is stored in the plastic bundles of filaments.
  • the foreturned bundle of filaments now termed a yarn component, is further processed to form a twisted yarn, i.e. each component of the yarn is turned several times in one direction which is opposite to the protective twist rotation of the single bundle of filaments.
  • the yarn is so worked that the foreturn (protective twist of bundle) and the twist of the yarn largely cancel each other out.
  • the yarn must be completely balanced.
  • the tension stored in the component is compensated for by the tension in the twisted yarn which is formed.
  • the twisted yarn is free from tension and has a low degree of twist.
  • the strand is either manufactured on a stationary strand-forming machine or formed in pairs on the ropewalk from the yarns.
  • the strand formation is so maintained that the tensions set up are largely balanced out. This balancing of the tension is achieved by the fact that the twists of the inner layers of yarn are opposite to the twists of the outer layers of yarn, and thus twist counteracts twist.
  • the tension set up in the core of the strand (inner layers) is balanced by the tension of the outer layers.
  • the strand is formed in a single working ope-ration, so that the twist angle of all twines worked in the strand is the same.
  • These low-twist, tension-free strands are laid on a sixflyer mammoth normal rope-braiding machine.
  • the laying is efiected in such a way that no tensions are set up in the final product comprising the finished rope.
  • Three strands of S2 formation are opposite to the other three strands with a ZS formation.
  • the rope has lowtwist and is free from tension.
  • this rope has a two-stranded multi-filament helical heart of plastic filament yarns of the above type with a foreturn.
  • the filament yarns may be of copper wire where a 3-stranded copper wire helical heart as an electrical conductor in the rope is desired, the same laying procedure being used but :with three strands rather than two.
  • This heart is prepared as follows:
  • the strands 3H (see FIG. 6) for this helical heart are formed with very strong compression and provided with an excessive amount of twist.
  • the strands are provided in the laying process with an excessive amount of foretnrn.
  • the laying length on the contrary is kept very short. Due to this accumulation of tension and twist, the expansion power of the helical heart is very high. This extension in the heart is desirable and necessary.
  • the elongation reserve of the helical heart is so high that there is no possibility of the core (heart) breaking.
  • the bed of the strand is the heart, which ensures that the shape of the rope is maintained.
  • the yarn 1 may be composed of three components a, b, c, twisted together to form a yarn having an S-twist.
  • the corresponding components are provided with a Z- twist in the fibers making up the same, each component being provided with an inner core consisting of a bundle of monofilaments F.
  • a yarn may be prepared having a Z-twist by twisting S-twisted components in Z-direction to form a yarn having the Z-twist.
  • FIGURE 3 shows a strand 3 having an outer layer of yarn l with a Z-tWist consisting of S-twisted yarn components a, b, and c, as well as an inner layer of yarn 1 having an S-twist, the inner layer of yarn consisting of yarn components having a Z-twist. Under the inner layer of yarn a monofilament bundle 2 is provided as a core.
  • each yarn includes three components a, b, and c twisted in opposite direction to the direction of the yarn in the strand.
  • the filament bundle 2' is provided as core.
  • the strands having an outer layer of Z-twisted yarns will be twisted in the braiding to form the rope structure so that they are disposed in the rope in S-twisted form.
  • the opposite direction of twist in the rope will be used for those strands having an outer layer of yarn twisted in S-direction.
  • Braided string, line, rope, cord, and the like, from formed strands having a low degree of twist comprising a plurality of strands having an inner layer of yarn provided with a Z-twist and an outer layer of yarn provided with an S-twist, and a plura ity of strands having an inner layer of yarn provided with an S-twist and an outer layer of yarn provided with a Z-twist, said strands being braided together, said strands being composed of yarns twisted in opposite direction to the corresponding direction of twist of the respective strands in the braid and the twisted yarns including formed components twisted in opposite direction to the corresponding direction of twist of the respective yarns.
  • Braided rope and the like from formed strands containing a core and having a low degree of twist comprising a plurality of strands each having an inner layer of yarn provided with a Z-twist in the strand and an outer layer of yarn provided with an S-twist in the strand, a plurality of strands each having an inner layer of yarn provided with an S-twist in the strand and an outer layer of yarn provided with a Z-twist in the strand, the Z-twist yarn in said strands having a plurality of components provided with an S-twist in said yarn and the S-twist yarn in said strands having a plurality of components provided with a Z-twist in said yarn, said strands being braided together, with the strands having the outer layer of S-twist yarns being given a Z-twist in the braid and the strands having the outer layer of Z-twist yarns being given an S-twist in the braid, and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
US814307A 1958-05-21 1959-05-19 Braided combined cordage Expired - Lifetime US3090277A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF25790A DE1083972B (de) 1958-05-21 1958-05-21 Schnuere, Leinen, Seile od. dgl. aus vollsynthetischen Faeden

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3090277A true US3090277A (en) 1963-05-21

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ID=7091762

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US814307A Expired - Lifetime US3090277A (en) 1958-05-21 1959-05-19 Braided combined cordage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3090277A (fr)
BE (1) BE578844A (fr)
DE (1) DE1083972B (fr)
FR (1) FR1224668A (fr)
GB (1) GB925332A (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3166885A (en) * 1963-06-20 1965-01-26 Deering Milliken Res Corp Production of composite stretch yarns
US3234725A (en) * 1963-07-09 1966-02-15 Rohm & Haas Process for making elastic yarn
US3380243A (en) * 1965-07-26 1968-04-30 American Mfg Company Inc Plastic cordage
US3805667A (en) * 1970-08-21 1974-04-23 Columbian Rope Co Braided rope
US4170921A (en) * 1978-03-17 1979-10-16 New England Ropes, Inc. Braided rope
US4321854A (en) * 1979-06-01 1982-03-30 Berkley & Company, Inc. Composite line of core and jacket
US5931076A (en) * 1997-06-10 1999-08-03 Puget Sound Rope Corporation Rope construction
WO2005019525A1 (fr) * 2003-08-26 2005-03-03 Stolt Offshore Limited Corde
WO2006099859A1 (fr) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-28 Wardwell Europe Gmbh Porte-bobine destinee a un produit de tressage de petit diametre
US20120260620A1 (en) * 2011-04-12 2012-10-18 Dsr Corp. Synthetic fiber rope for crane and method of manufacturing the same
WO2018042031A1 (fr) * 2016-09-02 2018-03-08 Geo. Gleistein & Sohn Gmbh Câble grelin et procédé de fabrication

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US527795A (en) * 1894-10-23 Flexible cord
FR389162A (fr) * 1908-04-13 1908-09-02 Rittershaus Et Blecher Soc Cable de transmission tressé par groupes de tresses
US1703269A (en) * 1927-03-19 1929-02-26 Garris Joseph Mcclintock Cable or sling
US2231815A (en) * 1937-08-25 1941-02-11 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Fibrous article
US2304306A (en) * 1942-01-10 1942-12-08 Roeblings John A Sons Co Sling
US2313058A (en) * 1941-07-17 1943-03-09 Sylvania Ind Corp Textile product and method of making the same
US2335088A (en) * 1941-10-30 1943-11-23 Chase Brass & Copper Co Weatherproof electric wire
US2393530A (en) * 1943-09-28 1946-01-22 Bentley Harris Mfg Co Flexible sleeving
US2469178A (en) * 1945-08-01 1949-05-03 Salvans Jacinto Folch Square section cable for power transmission
US2614451A (en) * 1949-09-06 1952-10-21 Lippey David Fishing line
GB781344A (en) * 1955-05-04 1957-08-21 Olympia Corduroy Ltd Improvement in yarns and fabric made therefrom
US2971321A (en) * 1956-10-16 1961-02-14 Himmelfarb David Plied cord rope construction

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR633884A (fr) * 1927-04-28 1928-02-06 Louis Roux Et Ses Fils Soc Trames en tresses plates pour la fabrication des <<scourtins>> de toutes formes
DE964088C (de) * 1954-12-11 1957-05-16 Rheinische Seilerwaren Und Spi Geflochtene, endlose Schnur, insbesondere fuer Jalousien
DE1773477U (de) * 1957-01-28 1958-09-04 Andreas Kruell Nicht dehnbare schnur fuer gardinen u. dgl.

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US527795A (en) * 1894-10-23 Flexible cord
FR389162A (fr) * 1908-04-13 1908-09-02 Rittershaus Et Blecher Soc Cable de transmission tressé par groupes de tresses
US1703269A (en) * 1927-03-19 1929-02-26 Garris Joseph Mcclintock Cable or sling
US2231815A (en) * 1937-08-25 1941-02-11 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Fibrous article
US2313058A (en) * 1941-07-17 1943-03-09 Sylvania Ind Corp Textile product and method of making the same
US2335088A (en) * 1941-10-30 1943-11-23 Chase Brass & Copper Co Weatherproof electric wire
US2304306A (en) * 1942-01-10 1942-12-08 Roeblings John A Sons Co Sling
US2393530A (en) * 1943-09-28 1946-01-22 Bentley Harris Mfg Co Flexible sleeving
US2469178A (en) * 1945-08-01 1949-05-03 Salvans Jacinto Folch Square section cable for power transmission
US2614451A (en) * 1949-09-06 1952-10-21 Lippey David Fishing line
GB781344A (en) * 1955-05-04 1957-08-21 Olympia Corduroy Ltd Improvement in yarns and fabric made therefrom
US2971321A (en) * 1956-10-16 1961-02-14 Himmelfarb David Plied cord rope construction

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3166885A (en) * 1963-06-20 1965-01-26 Deering Milliken Res Corp Production of composite stretch yarns
US3234725A (en) * 1963-07-09 1966-02-15 Rohm & Haas Process for making elastic yarn
US3380243A (en) * 1965-07-26 1968-04-30 American Mfg Company Inc Plastic cordage
US3805667A (en) * 1970-08-21 1974-04-23 Columbian Rope Co Braided rope
US4170921A (en) * 1978-03-17 1979-10-16 New England Ropes, Inc. Braided rope
US4321854A (en) * 1979-06-01 1982-03-30 Berkley & Company, Inc. Composite line of core and jacket
US5931076A (en) * 1997-06-10 1999-08-03 Puget Sound Rope Corporation Rope construction
WO2005019525A1 (fr) * 2003-08-26 2005-03-03 Stolt Offshore Limited Corde
WO2006099859A1 (fr) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-28 Wardwell Europe Gmbh Porte-bobine destinee a un produit de tressage de petit diametre
US20120260620A1 (en) * 2011-04-12 2012-10-18 Dsr Corp. Synthetic fiber rope for crane and method of manufacturing the same
US8485081B2 (en) * 2011-04-12 2013-07-16 Dsr Corp. Synthetic fiber rope for crane and method of manufacturing the same
WO2018042031A1 (fr) * 2016-09-02 2018-03-08 Geo. Gleistein & Sohn Gmbh Câble grelin et procédé de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1224668A (fr) 1960-06-27
DE1083972B (de) 1960-06-23
BE578844A (fr) 1959-09-16
GB925332A (en) 1963-05-08

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