US3095643A - Method of manufacturing submarine cables - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing submarine cables Download PDF

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Publication number
US3095643A
US3095643A US10311A US1031160A US3095643A US 3095643 A US3095643 A US 3095643A US 10311 A US10311 A US 10311A US 1031160 A US1031160 A US 1031160A US 3095643 A US3095643 A US 3095643A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
heart
tube
tape
stranded
edges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US10311A
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English (en)
Inventor
Cooke Edward Ingram
Donelan James Arthur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pirelli General Cable Works Ltd
Submarine Cables Ltd
Pirelli General Cable Works
Original Assignee
Submarine Cables Ltd
Pirelli General Cable Works
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Submarine Cables Ltd, Pirelli General Cable Works filed Critical Submarine Cables Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3095643A publication Critical patent/US3095643A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/14—Submarine cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/0006—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for reducing the size of conductors or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/26—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping
    • H01B13/2613—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping by longitudinal lapping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49888—Subsequently coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
    • Y10T29/49927—Hollow body is axially joined cup or tube
    • Y10T29/49929—Joined to rod

Definitions

  • An inner conductor comprising a longitudinally folded tape with its longitudinal edges abutting is easily damaged when the cable is bent. Furthermore, a longitudinal folded tape with its edges abutting cannot grip the heart and when it is required to transmit any external grip on the cable to the heart, there is a danger that slip may occur between the inner conductor and the stranded heart. Also, since the abutting edges are not sealed, it is necessary to pass the inner conductor through a vacuum cham ber immediately before the insulation is extruded over it.
  • the vacuum removes a large portion of the air contained in the interstices of the stranded heart
  • the heating effect of the extruded insulation causes the residual air in the interstices to expand, thus producing air bubbles in the extruded insulation. Not only does this complicate the extrusion process but it can also slow down the rate of extrusion of the insulation.
  • the same disadvantage applies in lesser degree to the box-seamed tape, since the seam is not air tight.
  • an inner conductor comprising a longitu dinally folded copper tape with overlapping edges soldered together, it is difiicult to obtain a tight grip upon the stranded heart in order that a grip upon the external surface of the cable may be transmitted to the stranded heart when it is composed of high tensile steel strands. Furthermore the soldered overlap may be damaged when the cable is bent.
  • a method of manufacturing a submarine cable having insulation extruded over a conductor which surrounds a stranded metal heart is characterized in that a longitudinally extending tape of metal, such as copper, of high electrical conductivity is folded or applied with its edges abutting around a torsionally balanced stranded metal heart, the abutting edges of the tape are butt welded together in a continuous seam 3 ,095,643 Eatented July 2, 1963 by means of inert gas shielded electric arc welding, and the tape so welded is reduced in diameter mechanically to connect the conductor and the heart together and thereby to inhibit relative movement between them.
  • a longitudinally extending tape of metal such as copper, of high electrical conductivity
  • Inert gas shielded electric arc welding is wholly suitable for the welding process because the speed and control of Welding obtainable does not cause a stranded high tensile heart to be heated suiiiciently for it appreciably to lose any tensile strength.
  • the conductor may be welded about the stranded heart as an over-size tube, and subsequently the tube containing the stranded heart drawn through a die or reducing rollers so that the tube is reduced in its cross-sectional dimensions to fit closely the stranded heart, the grip between the conductor and the stranded heart being thereby improved. Additionally, the oversize tube reduces risk of damage to the heart during welding.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a perspective cut back view of a cable
  • FIGURE 2 shows a cross section through a swaged steel heart
  • FIG- URE v3 shows a view similar to FIGURE 1 embodying a modified form of the invention
  • the argon-arc method of electric welding is used and a single electrode torch having a vertically adjustable electrode fed by direct current is provided for welding purposes.
  • a welding torch is described in the complete specification of British Patent No. 722,707.
  • copper tape of between 0.007 to 0.030 inch thick preferably .015 inch thick, is fed horizontally from a reel to straightening rolls which also shear the longitudinal edges to provide clean edges for the argon-arc welding process.
  • the copper tape is sheared to a width which will provide a folded tube 2 which is greater than that required for a close fitting tube around a stranded metal wire heart 1.
  • the copper tape with its edges sheared is passed between forming rolls for folding it round the torsionally balanced stranded metal wire heart comprising four 0.092 inch diameter wires and twenty-six 0.038 inch diameter wires as disclosed in the Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, volume 2 (new series) pages 572 to 573, October 1956, which may be fed vertically downwards from a supply drum and guided so as to feed horizontally into the folding copper tape.
  • the copper tape when folded into the tube 2 completely encloses the stranded metal heart 1 which may be guided so as to press to the side of the copper tube 2 remote from the butting edges.
  • the butting edges of the copper tape are then argon-arc welded together in a continuous seam as by a continuous weld 3 as shown between II and IIII, or alternatively as a stitch weld as shown at 4 between 11-11 and IIIIII, and the copper tube 2 thus welded is passed between one or more reducing dies or sets of rolls to compress it tightly upon the stranded metal heart 1.
  • the outer diameter of the argon-arc welded inner conductor is then approximately 0.33 inch diameter and polythene insulation 5 is extruded over it with an outside diameter of approximately 1.00 inch.
  • the outer conductor 6 is composed of six 0.50 inch wide by 0.018 inch thick aluminium tapes and is applied with a long lay to the extruded insu lation 5, a fabric tape 7 impregnated with a corrosion inhibitor, for example barium chromate, being applied over the aluminium tapes 6.
  • a polythene outer sheath 8 of approximately 0.11 inch thick is extruded over the tape giving the cable an overall diameter of approximately 1.3 inches.
  • the outer conductor may be of copper instead of aluminium; additionally it may comprise a longitudinally folded copper or aluminium tape having either abutted or overlapped edges. If a copper outer conductor is used the corrosion inhibitor, with which the fabric '7 is impregnated, may be omitted.
  • outer sheath of polythene may be replaced by an outer sheath of a plastic material having a greater resistance to mechanical damage, such as polypropylene.
  • FIG- URE 2 A cross section of a metal heart which has been swaged is shown in FIG- URE 2 where it can be seen that the strands are so deformed as to substantially fill the cross-sectional area of the heart.
  • An electrically welded inner conductor for a submarine coaxial cable manufactured in accordance with the present invention has the following advantages over known constructions (1) An increased grip is provided between the inner conductor and'the stranded metal Wire heart. Thus, the inner conductor and heart are mechanically connected together to inhibit movement between them.
  • the inner conductor is uniform in cross-section and it therefore is less likely to be damaged during bending.
  • the method of locking the longitudinal edges of the copper tape together, which is at present in use, is by means of a box-seam and an electrically welded inner conductor has the following advantages over this method:
  • a further advantage of the method according to the present invention is that because a torsionally balanced stranded metal heart is used, the inner conductor does not have to be of suflicient strength to limit or counteract any torsion produced by the heart and can, therefore, be relatively thin-thereby saving material.
  • a method of manufacturing a submarine cable comprising the steps of applying a longitudinally extending tape of copper of high electrical conductivity with its edges abutting around a torsionally balanced stranded metal heart, butt welding the abutting edges of the tape together in a continuous impermeable seam by means of inert-gas shielded electric arc welding so as to form an ensheathing tube, reducing the diameter of said tube so as to tightly compress said tube on the heart and thus mechanically connect the conductor and the heart together and thereby to inhibit relative movement between them, and thereafter heat extruding a plastic sheath over said tube and in contact therewith.
  • a method as set forth in claim -1 which is further characterized in that the tape is of a predetermined width so as loosely to surround the core and after welding is drawn down to eifect the mechanical connection between the heart and the conductor.
  • a method as set forth in claim 1 which includes the further step of drawing down the tape into intimate contact with the heart.
  • a method as set forth in claim 1 which includes the further step of providing a metal foil between the tape and the heart.
  • a method as set forth in claim 1 which includes the further step of initially completely swaging the stranded heart.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
US10311A 1959-02-27 1960-02-23 Method of manufacturing submarine cables Expired - Lifetime US3095643A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB6936/59A GB884747A (en) 1959-02-27 1959-02-27 Improvements in or relating to submarine cables

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3095643A true US3095643A (en) 1963-07-02

Family

ID=9823550

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10311A Expired - Lifetime US3095643A (en) 1959-02-27 1960-02-23 Method of manufacturing submarine cables

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3095643A (fr)
BE (1) BE588058R (fr)
DE (1) DE1239380B (fr)
FR (1) FR1249637A (fr)
GB (1) GB884747A (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3657809A (en) * 1967-09-14 1972-04-25 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Process for making thin metal tubing
US3886015A (en) * 1973-08-23 1975-05-27 Robert F Turner Composite thread and process for making the same
US4275262A (en) * 1975-12-04 1981-06-23 International Standard Electric Corporation Submarine cable
US4655384A (en) * 1985-10-18 1987-04-07 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Method of fabricating fiber-reinforced metal composites
EP2442376A1 (fr) * 2010-10-05 2012-04-18 Nexans Procédé de fabrication d'un supraconducteur électrique et supraconducteur
CN102501034A (zh) * 2011-12-30 2012-06-20 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 铁氧体支节外导体加工工艺
CN103903812A (zh) * 2014-04-04 2014-07-02 无锡市沪安电线电缆有限公司 一种高柔性抗曲挠变频软电缆
CN104183316A (zh) * 2014-08-22 2014-12-03 江苏天地龙电缆有限公司 抗电磁干扰软电缆
CN108666014A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2018-10-16 沈阳天荣电缆材料有限公司 一种耐海水半导电止水绑扎带及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1261574B (de) * 1962-10-19 1968-02-22 Western Electric Co Verfahren zum Herstellen eines zusammengesetzten Kabels und Vorrichtung zu seiner Durchfuehrung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US867659A (en) * 1905-01-16 1907-10-08 William Hoopes Electric conductor.
US2308669A (en) * 1939-05-05 1943-01-19 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Composite control cable
GB703782A (en) * 1951-08-16 1954-02-10 Post Office Improvements in or relating to submarine cables
FR1182997A (fr) * 1956-12-24 1959-07-01 Western Electric Co Câble sous-marin sans armature

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE694954C (de) * 1937-03-02 1940-08-12 Erich Holz Verfahren zur Herstellung von biegsamen Hochfrequenzleitungen
DE969461C (de) * 1943-01-14 1958-06-04 Siemens Ag Glattwandiger, ungerillter elektrischer Hohlleiter, insbesondere fuer koaxiale Hochfrequenzkabel und dielektrische Hohlkabel
DE1032807B (de) * 1952-12-03 1958-06-26 Pirelli General Cable Works Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Vereinigen der Kanten eines als elektrischer Kabelmantel geformten Metallbandes mittels Lichtbogenschweissung
GB740647A (en) * 1953-07-03 1955-11-16 Submarine Cables Ltd Improvements in and relating to submarine cables

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US867659A (en) * 1905-01-16 1907-10-08 William Hoopes Electric conductor.
US2308669A (en) * 1939-05-05 1943-01-19 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Composite control cable
GB703782A (en) * 1951-08-16 1954-02-10 Post Office Improvements in or relating to submarine cables
FR1182997A (fr) * 1956-12-24 1959-07-01 Western Electric Co Câble sous-marin sans armature

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3657809A (en) * 1967-09-14 1972-04-25 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Process for making thin metal tubing
US3886015A (en) * 1973-08-23 1975-05-27 Robert F Turner Composite thread and process for making the same
US4275262A (en) * 1975-12-04 1981-06-23 International Standard Electric Corporation Submarine cable
US4655384A (en) * 1985-10-18 1987-04-07 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Method of fabricating fiber-reinforced metal composites
EP2442376A1 (fr) * 2010-10-05 2012-04-18 Nexans Procédé de fabrication d'un supraconducteur électrique et supraconducteur
CN102501034A (zh) * 2011-12-30 2012-06-20 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 铁氧体支节外导体加工工艺
CN102501034B (zh) * 2011-12-30 2015-01-14 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 铁氧体支节外导体加工工艺
CN103903812A (zh) * 2014-04-04 2014-07-02 无锡市沪安电线电缆有限公司 一种高柔性抗曲挠变频软电缆
CN104183316A (zh) * 2014-08-22 2014-12-03 江苏天地龙电缆有限公司 抗电磁干扰软电缆
CN108666014A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2018-10-16 沈阳天荣电缆材料有限公司 一种耐海水半导电止水绑扎带及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1239380B (de) 1967-04-27
BE588058R (fr) 1960-06-16
FR1249637A (fr) 1960-12-30
GB884747A (en) 1961-12-13

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