US3105867A - Metal foil lead-in conductor for electric lamp - Google Patents

Metal foil lead-in conductor for electric lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US3105867A
US3105867A US54742A US5474260A US3105867A US 3105867 A US3105867 A US 3105867A US 54742 A US54742 A US 54742A US 5474260 A US5474260 A US 5474260A US 3105867 A US3105867 A US 3105867A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
core
thickness
microns
foil
outer layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US54742A
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English (en)
Inventor
Riksterus Auguste Johannes Meijer
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US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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Publication of US3105867A publication Critical patent/US3105867A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/04—Joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer
    • C03C27/042—Joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts
    • C03C27/046—Joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts of metals, metal oxides or metal salts only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/32—Seals for leading-in conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/32—Seals for leading-in conductors
    • H01J5/38—Pinched-stem or analogous seals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electric lamps having at least one strip-shaped foil of refractory metal sealed into quartz or a similar material and having a thickness greater in the middle than at the edges.
  • a material similar to quartz is to be understood herein to mean a material having a coefiicient of expansion less than 20x Molybdenum is. usually employed as the refractory metal, but tungsten, platinum, iridium, etc. or, if desired, alloys thereof also enter into account for this purpose.
  • the combination used in the majority of cases comprises a molybdenum foil sealed into quartz in a vacuum.- tight manner.
  • the foils having a greater thickness at the center permit the passage of stronger electric current than would be possible with foils of uniform thickness.
  • wire-shaped conductors sealed into glass to be protected against oxidation by means of a layer of chromium, nickel, cobalt, iron, thorium, zirconium, platinum, silicon, etc. provided on the Wire.
  • An object of the invention is to improve this.
  • the foil is covered with a metallic layer providing protection against oxidation, which is such that the core, which consists of refractory metal, has a thickness at the center which is more than 15 microns and less than 70 microns, and that this core carries a layer of from 1 to 8 microns thick which has formed by alloying the protective metal with the metal of the core, and that furthermore this layer is covered with a layer 0.5 to 4 microns thick of the protective metal and/or the oxide thereof and possibly the core metal, the melting point of the last-mentioned layer being lower than the softening temperature of the quartz or the similar material.
  • FIGURE 1 shows one end of a lamp provided with a seal according to the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view of the sealing body, taken along the plane IlII of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a cylindrical wall 1 of an electric lamp of quartz, for example an infra-red radiator, the
  • extremity 2 of which is pinched closed about a stripshaped sealing foil 3 having secured to it current-supply wires 4 and 5.
  • An incandescent spiral 6, a few turns of which only are shown, is secured to the end of the wire 5 which extends into the cylindrical space of the lamp.
  • the sealing foil comprises a core 31 of almond-shaped cross-section, an intermediate layer 32 covering this core, and an outer layer 33 showing protuberances 34 at the sides.
  • the core 31 consists of molybdenum, the intermediate layer 32 of a molybdenumchromium alloy having a molybdenum content decreasing outwardly, and the outer layer 33 of chromium and/ or chromium oxide and possibly a small percentage of molybdenum.
  • the melting point of a molybdenum-chromium-alloy is usually lower according as the molybdenum content is less.
  • the foil Prior to sealing, the foil comprises only the core 31 and the layer 32. The high temperature of about 2000 C.
  • the core of the sealing foil having a width of about 4 mms. and a length of about 8 mms. in the direction of the wires 4 and 5 is about 22 microns thick at the center of the cross-section. It has been empirically found that this thickness must not be less than 15 microns, since otherwise the foil is liable to tear during sealing. On the other hand, this thickness must not be more than microns to prevent the vacuum-tightness of the seal from being hazar'ded.
  • the outer layer 33 has a thickness of about 2 microns. For protection against oxidation, this layer must have a thickness of at least 0.5 micron, while for a vacuumtight seal a thickness of at most 4 microns is permissible.
  • the intermediate layer 32 has a thickness of about 2 microns. This layer must have a thickness of at least 1 micron to produce a sufficiently thick layer 33, while a thickness of more than 8 microns would hazard the vacuum-tightness.
  • the width of the protuberances 34 at the sides is about 1.5 mms. It has surprisingly been found that this width provides an indication about the qualtity of the seal.
  • protuberances are materially narrower, protection against oxidation of the molybdenum core is not guananteed, whereas the presence of protuberances which are materially wider, for example extend to the edge of the pinch, may be an indication of insufiicient vacuumtightness of the seal.
  • a lead-in conductor for an electric lamp comprising a foil sealed in a quartz-like material, said foil having a thickness greater in its mid-section than at its edges, said foil comprising a core of refractory metal, an oxidation-protective outer layer surrounding said core, and a layer intermediate the outer layer and the core consisting of a metal which is capable of forming an alloy with the core metal and which is capable of forming a protective oxide, said core having a thickness at its mid-section of between 15 and 70 microns, the outer layer having a thickness of about 0.5 to 4 microns, and the intermediate layer having a thickness of about 1 to 8 microns, said outer layer having a melting point which is lower than the softening temperature of the quartz-like material.
  • a lead-in conductor for an electric lamp comprising a foil sealed in a quartz-like material, said foil having a thickness greater in its mid-section than at its edges, said foil comprising a core of refractory metal, an oxidationprotective outer layer surrounding said core, and a layer intermediate the outer layer and the core consisting of a metal which is capable of forming an alloy with the core metal and which is capable of forming a protective oxide, said core having a thickness at its mid-section of between 15 and 70 microns, the outer layer having a thickness of about 0.5 to 4 microns, and the intermediate layer having a thickness of about 1 to 8 microns, said outer layer having a melting point which is lower than the softening temperature of the quartz-like material, said foil having proturberances at its edges constituted by the material of the outer layer.
  • a lead-in conductor for an electric lamp comprising a foil sealed in a quartzlike material, said foil having a thickness greater in its mid-section than at its edges, said foil comprising a core of molybdenum, an oxidationprotective outer layer surrounding said core, and a layer intermediate the outer layer and the core consisting of a metal which is capable of forming an alloy with the core metal and which is capable of forming a protective oxide, said core having 'a thickness at its mid-section of between 15 and 70 microns, the outer layer having a thickness of about 0.5 to 4 microns, and the intermediate layer having a thickness of about 1 to 8 microns, said outer layer having a melting point which is lower than the softening temperature of the quartz-like material.
  • a lead-in conductor for an electric lamp comprising a foil of refractory metal sealed in a quartz-like material, said foil having a thickness greater in its mid-section than at its edges, said foil comprising a core of molybdenu'rn an oxidation-protective outer layer of chromium surrounding said core, and a layer intermediate the outer layer and the core consisting of an alloy of molybdenum and chromium, said core having a thickness at its midsection' of between '15 and microns, the outer layer having a thickness of about 0.5 to 4 microns, and the intermediate layer having a thickness of about 1 to 8 microns, said outer layer having a melting point which is lower than the softening temperature of the quartz-like material.
  • a lead-in conductor for an electric lamp comprising a foil of refractory metal sealed in a quartz-like material, said foil having a thickness greater in its mid-section than at its edges, said foil comprising a core of molybdenum an oxidation-protective outer layer of chromium oxide, and a layer intermediate the outer layer and the core consisting of an alloy of chromium and molybdenum, said core having a thickness at its mid-section of between 15 and 70 microns, the outer layer having a thickness of about 0.5 to 4 microns, and the intermediate layer having a thickness of about 1 to 8 microns, said outer layer having a melting point which is lower than the softening temperature of the quartz-like material.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US54742A 1959-09-23 1960-09-08 Metal foil lead-in conductor for electric lamp Expired - Lifetime US3105867A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL243694A NL106429C (nl) 1959-09-23 1959-09-23 Werkwijze ter vervaardiging van een elektrische lamp, alsmede volgens deze werkwijze vervaardigde elektrische lamp

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3105867A true US3105867A (en) 1963-10-01

Family

ID=19751949

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US54742A Expired - Lifetime US3105867A (en) 1959-09-23 1960-09-08 Metal foil lead-in conductor for electric lamp

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3105867A (de)
CH (1) CH388452A (de)
DE (1) DE1179297B (de)
ES (1) ES261130A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1270857A (de)
GB (1) GB961974A (de)
NL (1) NL106429C (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3420944A (en) * 1966-09-02 1969-01-07 Gen Electric Lead-in conductor for electrical devices
US3621111A (en) * 1970-07-01 1971-11-16 Gen Electric Lead-in conductor for electrical devices
US3753026A (en) * 1969-12-13 1973-08-14 Philips Corp Quartz lamp seal
US4587454A (en) * 1984-05-17 1986-05-06 Gte Products Corporation Incandescent lamp with improved press seal
US4851733A (en) * 1985-04-09 1989-07-25 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric lamp having a metal foil with a convexly and concavely curved surface
US5021711A (en) * 1990-10-29 1991-06-04 Gte Products Corporation Quartz lamp envelope with molybdenum foil having oxidation-resistant surface formed by ion implantation
US5430353A (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-07-04 General Electric Company Lamp inlead assembly having a formed foil arrangement
WO2003056607A1 (en) * 2002-01-02 2003-07-10 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A FOIL OF MOLYBDENUM AND TITANIUM OXIDE (TiO2) FOR SEALING INTO A GLASS BULB
WO2003105177A3 (en) * 2002-06-07 2004-03-18 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Electric lamp with oxidation-resistant lead-in conductors
WO2004032181A3 (en) * 2002-10-02 2005-04-07 Philips Intellectual Property High-pressure gas-discharge lamp
US20090033200A1 (en) * 2007-08-01 2009-02-05 Aurongzeb Deeder M Metal and oxide interface assembly to sustain high operating temperature and reduce shaling

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL183794B (nl) * 1979-02-26 Philips Nv Hogedrukkwikontladingslamp.

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2876377A (en) * 1955-09-01 1959-03-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Ribbon seal and method of fabrication
US2966607A (en) * 1959-05-26 1960-12-27 Duro Test Corp High pressure short arc lamps and method of making same

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE646242C (de) * 1935-05-11 1937-06-11 Quarzlampen Gmbh Bandfoermige Stromeinfuehrung in elektrischen Entladungsroehren
GB477462A (en) * 1936-06-30 1937-12-30 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to metallic electric conductors sealed through quartz
US2304297A (en) * 1939-05-12 1942-12-08 Amperex Electronic Products In Art of utilizing molybdenum

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2876377A (en) * 1955-09-01 1959-03-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Ribbon seal and method of fabrication
US2966607A (en) * 1959-05-26 1960-12-27 Duro Test Corp High pressure short arc lamps and method of making same

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3420944A (en) * 1966-09-02 1969-01-07 Gen Electric Lead-in conductor for electrical devices
US3753026A (en) * 1969-12-13 1973-08-14 Philips Corp Quartz lamp seal
US3621111A (en) * 1970-07-01 1971-11-16 Gen Electric Lead-in conductor for electrical devices
US4587454A (en) * 1984-05-17 1986-05-06 Gte Products Corporation Incandescent lamp with improved press seal
US4851733A (en) * 1985-04-09 1989-07-25 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric lamp having a metal foil with a convexly and concavely curved surface
US5021711A (en) * 1990-10-29 1991-06-04 Gte Products Corporation Quartz lamp envelope with molybdenum foil having oxidation-resistant surface formed by ion implantation
US5430353A (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-07-04 General Electric Company Lamp inlead assembly having a formed foil arrangement
WO2003056607A1 (en) * 2002-01-02 2003-07-10 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A FOIL OF MOLYBDENUM AND TITANIUM OXIDE (TiO2) FOR SEALING INTO A GLASS BULB
WO2003105177A3 (en) * 2002-06-07 2004-03-18 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Electric lamp with oxidation-resistant lead-in conductors
US20050174058A1 (en) * 2002-06-07 2005-08-11 Koninklojke Phillips Electronics N.V. Electric lamp
US7378798B2 (en) 2002-06-07 2008-05-27 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Electric lamp
WO2004032181A3 (en) * 2002-10-02 2005-04-07 Philips Intellectual Property High-pressure gas-discharge lamp
US20050253521A1 (en) * 2002-10-02 2005-11-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. High-pressure gas-discharge lamp
US7514871B2 (en) 2002-10-02 2009-04-07 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. High-pressure gas-discharge lamp with improved temperature resistance
US20090033200A1 (en) * 2007-08-01 2009-02-05 Aurongzeb Deeder M Metal and oxide interface assembly to sustain high operating temperature and reduce shaling
US7863818B2 (en) * 2007-08-01 2011-01-04 General Electric Company Coil/foil-electrode assembly to sustain high operating temperature and reduce shaling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1179297B (de) 1964-10-08
FR1270857A (fr) 1961-09-01
NL243694A (nl) 1963-02-15
GB961974A (en) 1964-06-24
ES261130A1 (es) 1960-11-16
NL106429C (nl) 1963-11-15
CH388452A (de) 1965-02-28

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