US3106743A - Door closer assembly - Google Patents

Door closer assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US3106743A
US3106743A US23458A US2345860A US3106743A US 3106743 A US3106743 A US 3106743A US 23458 A US23458 A US 23458A US 2345860 A US2345860 A US 2345860A US 3106743 A US3106743 A US 3106743A
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United States
Prior art keywords
door
cylinder
spindle
cam
casing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US23458A
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English (en)
Inventor
David H Ellis
Elmer H Guse
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OSCAR C RIXSON CO
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OSCAR C RIXSON CO
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Priority to US23458A priority Critical patent/US3106743A/en
Priority to GB14288/61A priority patent/GB903664A/en
Priority to BE602829A priority patent/BE602829A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3106743A publication Critical patent/US3106743A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/22—Additional arrangements for closers, e.g. for holding the wing in opened or other position
    • E05F3/225—Additional arrangements for closers, e.g. for holding the wing in opened or other position mounted at the bottom of wings, e.g. details related to seals, covers, connections to the wings, embedding in the floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
    • E05Y2600/40—Mounting location; Visibility of the elements
    • E05Y2600/41—Concealed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
    • E05Y2600/40—Mounting location; Visibility of the elements
    • E05Y2600/452—Mounting location; Visibility of the elements in or on the floor or wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/10—Additional functions
    • E05Y2800/12—Sealing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/26—Form or shape
    • E05Y2800/28—Form or shape tubular, annular
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved door closer mechanism and more particularly to an improved spring actuated door closer mechanism including means for holding the door in the open position and for selectively rendering the hold open feature inoperative without limiting the angle of door swing.
  • Hold open devices of various types have long been recognized as desirable accoutrements for door closer devices generally.
  • the primary function of a door closer was to return the door to the closed position automatically after it had been opened and released.
  • a hold open device which could be used to hold the door in the opened position when that was desired.
  • one such solution utilizes an overhead guide rail including hold open means which functions at the end of door travel into the open position.
  • door closer mechanisms not only serve to return the door to the closed position when released, but also include rather sophisticated dampening mechanisms to control the outward or opening movement of the door and also the closing movement of the door.
  • a further refinement controls the latching speedof the door which is different from the stroke or closing speed of the door prior thereto.
  • a door closer assembly including improved hold open means mounted within the casing which will releasably retain the door in the open position, and which may be rendered inoperative without limiting the angle of door swing.
  • Further objects of this invention are to provide a simple and inexpensive hold-open sub-assembly for use with door closers of more or less conventional form and size which may be simply and easily inserted into the casing during assembly; which is sufiiciently small to be used with door closers including hydraulic dampening devices and without complicating the closer assembly or requiring increase in the casing size; which may be rendered operative or inoperative without breaking the casing seal; and which is rugged in construction and efiicient in operation.
  • Still further objects are to improve the constructionof the conventional floor mounted closer and its operating components to enhance the efliciency of operation and to simplify its manufacture and assembly; to provide in such a device a positive stop means for limiting the maximum extent of door opening; and to embody in such a device a hydraulic back check and closing speed control without complicating the construction of the device or materially increasing its cost of manufacture.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of the closer assembly, the position of the door being indicated by dotted lines;
  • FIG. 2 is a in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the door closer mechanism as taken substantially on line 33 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view of the closer shown in FIG. 3 taken substantially on line 44 in that figure;
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional anism shown in FIG. 4 taken in that figure;
  • FIG. 6 is a horizontal plan view looking downwardly substantially from line 66 in FIG. 3 showing the hold open device in the operative position;
  • FIG. 7 corresponds to FIG. 6 except showing the hold open device in the retracted non-operative position
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view of the twin cylinder dampening mechanism
  • FIG. 8a is a fragmentary sectional elevational view of the closing stroke and latch valves and passages, as taken on line Sal-8a of FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 9 is an end elevational view of the twin cylinder dampening mechanism as viewed from the left of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a control valve to be used with the dampening means and taken substantially on the plane of line 10-10 in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the hold open subassembly showing the assembly in the operative position
  • FIG. 12 corresponds to FIG. 11 except showing the hold open sub-assembly in the retracted or inoperative position;
  • FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view of the hold open sub-assembly showing the particular interrelation of elements
  • FIG. 14 is a horizontal sectional view corresponding to that of FIG. 6 except showing another embodiment of the hold open sub-assembly in the operative position;
  • FIG. 15 is a view coresponding to FIG. 14 but showing the modified hold open sub-assembly in the retracted or non-operative position;
  • FIG. 16 is an elevational view of the embodiment plan view of the closer assembly shown view of the closer mechsubstantially on line 55 shown in FIG. 14, but with the casing side wall broken away to show the internal components.
  • the door closer unit is comprised of a main casing 1, as best seen in FIG. 1, which fits into an outer casing, not shown, which is called the cement case.
  • the outer casing is ordinarily recessed within a concrete floor beneath the door opening and when the main unit casing is installed therein only the spindle 3 projects above the floor, the top wall of the main casing being substantially flush with the finished floor surface.
  • the door closer assembly comprises a sealed casing 1 from which protrudes the spindle 3 carrying an arm 14% on which a door is mounted.
  • the rotation of the spindle occasioned by the manual movement of the door to the open position serves to tension the energy storing spring 19 and is dampened by the twin cylindered dampening means 17.
  • the dampening means controlling the speed of the closing movement during both the stroke and latch portions of such movement.
  • the inner housing or casing 1 comprises a bottom wall 4 and upwardly extending side walls 5 and 7 which taper in the horizontal direction from the end wall 9, adjacent the spring receiving portion of the casing, inwardly toward end wall 1 adjacent the spindle.
  • the casing is further provided with an integral generally rectangular top wall 13 to which is secured a spring access opening cover 15. This casing is normally filled with hydraulic fluid.
  • the internal mechanism of the door closer is comprised generally of the spindle 3, a dampening mechanism 17, the coiled-spring energy storing device 19, and a hold open sub-assembly 21.
  • the spindle 3 extending through cover 13 is supported for rotation by a needle bearing assembly 23 located within the bearing housing 25 extending upwardly from the top wall 13.
  • An 0 ring 27 surrounds the spindle 3 and provides a dirt seal preventing leakage of the hydraulic fluid upwardly along the spindle.
  • the lower end of the spindle is mounted for rotation on a ball thrust-bearing assembly 29 received within an annular recess in the bottom 4 of the casing 1.
  • the energy storing device 19 is mounted in the opposite end of the casing 1 and comprises a torsion spring 31 having its upper extremity extending radially inwardly to be engaged by a downwardly projecting portion of the spring access cover which may be rotated to tension the spring in a well known manner.
  • the lower end of the spring 31 also terminates in a radially inwardly projecting portion which is engaged and supported by the car 33 of a spring carrier 35.
  • the spring carrier 35 is mounted for rotation about spring post 45 the upper end of which is rotatably received within a cylindrical bore in a boss 46 integral on the spring access cover 15, and the lower end is secured within a bore the boss 47 formed integrally on the bottom 4 of the casing 1.
  • the lower portion of the spring carrier 35 is supported axially by the upper surface of the boss 47.
  • the energy storing device 19 is actuated by means of a link assembly 37 (FIGS. 6 and 7) including two pivotally connected arms 39 and 41, the opposite ends of the link arms 39 and 41 being secured respectively to the crank plate 43 and the spring carrier 35.
  • the link arm 39 is appropriately recessed, as at '40, adjacent the spindle 3 to permit greater angularity of spindle rotation.
  • the hold open aspect of the subject closer assembly is comprised very generally of the crank plate 43 aforementioned which is provided with a cam surface which interacts with the hold open sub-assembly 21 to prevent reverse rotation of the spindle 3 and hence the movement of the door to the closed position.
  • crank plate 43 is provided with a radially outwardly projecting angular cam and stop lug 51 which is the effective means used to hold the door in the open position because of its particular placement and relation to the hold open sub-assembly.
  • the bold open sub-assembly 21 is an integral unit which may be readily slipped into place within the main casing 1 during assembly operations, necessitating only the tightening of the screw 53 and the insertion of the guide pin 55 to hold it in proper operative position with respect to the aforementioned stop lug 51.
  • FIGS. 11-13 The hold open sub-assembly is best seen in FIGS. 11-13 in which the hold open assembly base structure is shown as comprised of two opposing generally symmetrical base plates 57 and 59.
  • the body portions of the two base plates, indicated at 61 and 63 respectively, are provided at their forward ends with aligned apertures for receiving the pivot pin 65 which pivotally secures the two spaced and parallel follower arms 67 and 69 disposed one on either side of the joined plates 57-59.
  • the extremities of each of the follower arms 67 and 69 are further provided with aligned apertures 70 for receiving pin 71 which rotatably supports a cam follower 72. This provides a reciprocable cam follower extending laterally and forwardly with respect to the forward ends of the base plates.
  • the forward ends of the two base plate bodies 61-63 terminate in a pointed portion having an angularly disposed edge, 58 and 6t ⁇ respectively, facing in the direction of the crank plate stop lug 51 and providing a limit stop against which said lug 51 abuts to terminate the door opening rotational movement.
  • each of the base plates curve laterally to form support brackets 73 and 75, each including a spring mounting stud 74.
  • Each of the base plates 57 and 59 are further provided with laterally projecting ears 77 and 79, extending outwardly from the central portions of the plates, which are bent oppositely from the planes of the respective base plates to form a space therebetween for slidably receiving a cam follower bar 81.
  • Cam follower bar 81 comprises a generally rectangular central body portion having two spring mounting areas 83 and 85 extending longitudinally from respective opposite ends.
  • Helical compression springs 89 and 91 are threaded over the arms 83 and 35 respectively, and when the follower bar 81 is mounted between the bars 77-79 of the base plates the spring 91 bears between the adjacent end of the follower bar body portion 81 and the brackets 73-75.
  • the follower bar 81 is retained between the ears 77-79 by means of a guide pin S2, mounted in suitable aligned apertures in the ears 77-79, which passes through an elongate longitudinally extending slot 99 formed in the follower bar body and the follower bar is proportioned so that its end adjacent the brackets 73-75 normally projects beyond the rear edges of the ears 77-79.
  • the spring 91 thus normally urges the follower bar in the leftward direction as seen in the drawings.
  • a swing washer 93 is threaded over the end of the arm 83 and the end of the arm is then connected to the follower arms 67-69 by means of lugs 95-97 formed on the rear edges of the follower arms, which lugs project inwardly toward each other to engage in an aperture 98 in the arm 83.
  • the swing washer 93 is a flat plate, centrally apertured to receive the end of the arm 83, which provides a seat for the adjacent end of the spring 89.
  • the swing washer 93 is provided with forwardly turned flanges on its upper and lower edges, which flanges overhang the external faces of the assembled follower arms 67-69 and keep them from spreading, under load, so as to disengage the lugs 95-97 from the aperture I93 in the follower bar 83.
  • the spring 89 bears between the swing plate 93 and the forward edges of the ears 77-79 and thus normally urges the follower arms 67-69 to the left as seen in the drawings. Since the follower arms are connected to the follower bar 81., by means of the arm '83, the spring 89 adds its eifect to that of spring 91.
  • the cam follower bar 81 is further provided with a generaly rectangular aperture 103 which is generally aligned with relatively large circular apertures 165 and 187 formed in the cars 77 and 79, respectively.
  • the cam follower bar 81 and consequently the cam follower arms 67 and 69 are rendered free to follow the movement of the cam surface or are retracted therefrom by an eccentric selector cam 1.11 which comprises a rotatable body extending through the respective apertures 105, 1G3 and 107.
  • the eccentric selector cam functions to shift the cam follower bar 81 from left to right against the force of springs 89-91, as viewed in FIG.
  • the selector cam comprises an upper hexagonal nut portion 108 and axially spaced and aligned upper and lower cylindrical portions 109 respectively located to be rotatably engaged in the apertures 165 and 197 of the cars 77 and 79.
  • the selector cam 1 11 is located eccentrically between the upper and lower cylindrical portions 1&9.
  • the nut 108 is provided with an Allen type of hexagonal socket to receive an hexagonal shaft 1-12 extending downwardly from a slotted head 113 recessed into a suitable well opening to the top surface of the casing wall (FIG. 5).
  • the hold open unit serves the continuously etfective function of providing a fixed, positive, internal limit stop means for the maximum swing of the door in the opening direction. That is, the angular end edges 58 of the base plates 57-59 provide a fixed abutment for the crank plate lug 51 to limit counterclockwise rotation of the spindle 3, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • This results in a very heavy load or force tending to displace the hold open unit from its mounted position within the main closer casing and, in order to withstand such force or shock, the hold open unit is supported by a relatively large pin or post 114 fixed in and projecting upwardly from the bottom wall 4 of the casing, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the base plates 57- 59 of the hold open unit assembly are provided with aligned apertures 115, as shown in FIGS. 11, 12 and 13, to receive this post 114, when the hold open unit is positioned within the casing during assembly of the closer mechanism and the post 114 functions along with the mounting screw 53 and the pin 55 to fix the hold open unit in the proper location with respect to the crank plate 43, the principal function of the pin 55 being to prevent rotation of the hold open unit about the mounting screw 53 when the unit is subject to the shock of stopping the swinging door movement.
  • the door opening back-check and door closing stroke and latch control mechanism of the improved door closer is comprised generally of a double cylinder block 116, and a pair of pistons which are appropriately actuated by a second crank plate 117 drivingly mounted on the spindle 3 above the main crank plate 43.
  • the double cylinder block 116 is provided with two cylinder bores 119 and 121, of different sizes, each having a closed end and an open end, in which are received the correspondingly sized piston 123 and 125, respectively.
  • pistons are pivotally secured on opposing sides of the crank plate 117 by means of curved connecting arms 127 and 129 secured thereto by pins 131 and 133, respectively, the opposite end of said arms being pivotally connected to the respective pistons by pins 135 and 137.
  • the crank plate 117 is turned in the counterclockwise direction when the door is open, and in the clockwise direction when the door is closed.
  • the larger piston 123 is completely within the cylinder bore 11% adjacent the closed end thereof, while the piston is at the open end of the cylinder bore 121.
  • the positions of the pistons 123 and 125 become reversed, and of course, when the door closes the pistons resume the position shown in FIG. 4. It is by virtue of this movement of the pistons 123 and 125 in their respective cylinders that the back-check for the opening movement of the door and speed control for the closing movement of the door are effected.
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 inclusive The details of the double cylinder block for effecting hydraulic control of the door movement are shown in s eaves FIGS. 8 to 10 inclusive, and from these figures it will be seen that the cylinder block is provided with ports and passages for controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid into and out of the cylinders during movement of the piston therein.
  • the pistons 123 and 125 are shown in the same relation as in FIG. 4 for the closed position of the door, and in operation the space between the piston heads and the closed end of the cylinders will be filled with hydraulic fluid.
  • the smaller piston 125 provides the back-check control for the opening movement of the door, that is, the counterclockwise rotation of the spindle 3 as shown in the drawing.
  • This back-check control of the door movement is to prevent its slamming at the terminal end of its opening movement, when the door is opened suddenly or very rapidly.
  • the ports for the smaller cylinder to control the flow of hydraulic fluid into and out of the cylinder are arranged to become progressively effective, as movement dampening means, as the piston 125 moves from the forward end of the cylinder 121 to the rearward end thereof during opening movement of the door.
  • the small cylinder 121 is provided with three separate fluid passages for fluid flow between the cylinder 121 and the exterior of the cylinder block.
  • the first of these passages is a fluid inlet passage 139, adjacent the closed end of the cylinder 121, through which the fluid from the casing can freely enter the cylinder 121 during reverse movement of the piston 125 toward the open end of the cylinder.
  • This passage 139 thus functions only for intake of the hydraulic fluid to fill the cylinder 121, without resistance, as the piston 125 moves outwardly during movement of the door in the closing direction and is controlled by a bail check valve 141, which seats on the end of a screw having a central bore 145 for passage of fluid therethrough.
  • the screw 143 is disposed adjacent the bottom of the cylinder 121, laterally offset from the passage 13?, as indicated in FIGS. 8 and 9, and the bore 145 opens directly into the casing well below the fluid level therein.
  • the passage 139 is offset from the axis of the screw 143 so that there is no possibility of the passage 139 being blocked by the ball 141.
  • the ball 141 instantly closes the bore 145 so that fluid can be expelled from the cylinder only by way of one or both of the remaining passages.
  • a second fluid flow passage is provided by a V-shaped slot 146 in the wall of the cylinder 121, which slot extends from open end of the cylinder inwardly for about three quarters of the length of the cylinder, the slot 146 being tapered from its greatest depth and width at the open end of the cylinder until it merges with the cylinder wall at the inner terminal end of the slot.
  • the tapered slot 146 gradually becomes closed by the piston until when the piston reaches the inner end of the slot, flow through the slot is closed off.
  • the third fluid flow passage for the cylinder 121 is a passage 147 which leads from the rearward or closed end of the cylinder to the exterior of the cylinder block and is controlled by an adjustable needle valve 14% as shown in FIG. 9, this passage 147 leads upwardly from the cylinder 121 to the top surface of the cylinder block 116 where it is counterbored with a tapered seat for reception of the needle valve.
  • a branch passage 14-9 leads from above the seat for the needle valve outwardly through the end wall of the cylinder block to the exterior thereof.
  • fluid flow through the passages 147-449 may be adjustably controlled by the needle valve 143 to any extent desired.
  • the resistance to flow of fluid from the cylinder 121 can be regulated to be substantially any desired back-check or dampening eliect on the rotation of the spindle 3 and the speed or rate of movement of the door at the terminal portion of its opening operation can be checked and cushioned to any extent that operating conditions may require.
  • any movement of the piston 125 in the outward direction upon closing movement of the door, causes an immediate filling of the cylinder space with hydraulic fluid so that no matter when, or how often, movement of the door may be stopped, intermediate the full open or closed positions, and regardless of how the door may be moved back and forth in a partly opened position, a fully operating and constant back-check is available to cushion the door in the opening direction.
  • the ball check 141 operates instantly to close the intake passage 145' when the piston moves inwardly and hence a full and constant supply of fluid in the cylinder is always available for back-check control.
  • the outward movement of the large piston 123, from its cylinder 119, during opening movement of the door, has no effect upon speed or rate of door movement, because of the passage 15G extending through the piston 123, from end to end, through which fluid can readily flow from the rear end of the piston to the head end thereof, and thence into the cylinder 119.
  • the passage 156 is, however, controlled by a ball check valve 151 so that upon inward movement of the piston 123 into the cylinder 119 fluid flow through the passage 159 is shut 011.
  • the function of the piston 123 and its cylinder 119 is to control the speed of closing movement of the door under the action of the power storage spring 31, and hence the piston 123 functions for this purpose only during movement from the open end to the closed end of the cylinder 119 or from left to right as viewed in FIG. 8.
  • the first portion of the movement of the door in its swing from full open position toward closed position is generally called the stroke movement, and the object of the speed control is to regulate the stroke movement so that it will be at a substantially constant rate as may be desired, generally relatively slow as compared to the normal rate at which the door is opened.
  • This stroke speed continues until the door reaches the point about 15 from the fully closed position at which point it is often preferable to release the door or increase its speed of movement so that it will have suflicient momentum to overcome the resistance of the strike plate and the latch engagement and permit the door to become fully closed to the latched position.
  • the final portion of door closing movement be at a slower speed than that of the stroke movement.
  • the cylinder 119 To control the stroke speed and the latch speed, the cylinder 119 must have two passages for discharge of hydraulic fluid from the cylinder and each of these passages must be suitably controlled by adjustable valve means.
  • the large cylinder 119 is provided with an appropriately located outlet passage 152 which leads upwardly through the cylinder block body to the upper surface thereof where it is counterbored as at 153 to provide a conical seat 154 for a needle valve .155 (see FIG. As shown, an open branch passage 156 leads laterally from the counterbore 153 above the valve seat 154 for discharge of fluid to the exterior of the cylinder block and directly into the casing.
  • the passages 152-156 and the needle valve 155 comprise the stroke control means and the passage 152 is located in the cylinder wall, adjacent the closed end of the cylinder, at such a point that when the piston 123 covers the passage 152, in the course of its inward movement into the cylinder 119, the door will have reached a point about from its fully closed position.
  • the stroke speed of door closing movement can be regulated to be fast, slow, or any intermediate speed, as desired.
  • a second fluid outlet passage 157 is provided at the inner end of the cylinder bore 119, which passage 157 communicates with a longitudinal passage 158 in the body of the cylinder block leading rearwardly from the closed end of the cylinder to a point rearwardly of the passage 152 Where it joins with a passage 159 leading into the cylinder 119, the object of the passage 157158159 being to bypass the piston 123 when it closes off the port 152.
  • the passage 159 leads from the interior of the cylinder 119 to the top wall of the cylinder block where it is counterbored to receive a needle valve 160 for controlling the rate of fluid flow through the passages.
  • valves 14%, 155, and 160 are mounted in the cover plate 13, onto the bottom side of which the cylinder block 116 is mounted (see FIG. 3) and the valves extend from the cover plate 13 into the respective counterbores in the cylinder block for controlling the respective passages therein.
  • the location of the valve 160 must be such as not to interfere with the cylinder block mounting screws 16 1 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • the valve 160 may be located rearwardly of the valve 155 a distance less than the width of the piston 123, and in such case the piston Wall at the head end is provided with an inwardly extending V-shaped notch 162 (see FIG.
  • valve 161) can be adjusted so that the closing speed of the door, as controlled by the piston 123, can be increased or decreased, as may be desired, for the terminal portion of its closing stroke.
  • the groove or notch 162, in the piston head serves to provide a smooth interchange from one speed to another and functions to prevent door bounce when the transfer is from fast to very slow.
  • valve 160' The arrangement of the valve 160' is shown in FIG. 8a and the arrangement of the valves 148 and 155 is shown in FIG. 10. It will be understood, however, that any suitable arrangement of needle valve means may be employed.
  • the needle valve 155 which is mounted in the cover plate 13 must span an open space between the cover plate 13 and the cylinder block 116, and hence must be packed to prevent leakage of fluid around the needle valve and to the upper side of the cover plate 13. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
  • the threaded head 163 of the needle valve 155 is threadedly engaged with a packing nut 164 which is received within a threaded opening 165 in the cover plate 13, and a suitable packing material 166, surrounding the head 163 of the needle valve 155, is disposed below the packing nut 164 and firmly clamped against the upper surface of a shoulder 167 formed in the cover plate 13 at the bottom of the opening 165.
  • the apparatus functions as follows: First, when the door mounted upon the arm 14- is moved in an opening direction, counterclockwise as viewed in FIG. 1, the rotation of spindle 3 moves both the first and second crank plates 43 and 117 in a counterclockwise direction also. This rotation of the upper crank plate 117 causes the piston arm 127 to move rearwardly, to the left, pulling the larger piston 123 with it and simultaneously causes the piston arm 129 to move forwardly pushing the smaller piston inwardly toward the closed end of the cylinder bore 111.
  • the valve 148 provides a full hydraulic control for the terminal opening movement of the door and may be adjusted readily for either soft or rapid back-check according to the conditions under which the door is to operate.
  • crank arms 39'-41 rotate the spring carrier 45 in the counterclockwise direction, the ear 33 engaging the spring 31 and winding it to place it under tension and to store energy for closing the door.
  • the cam stop lug 51 pushes the follower roller 72 from left to right as viewed in FIG. 6, and moves past the roller 72 into the position abutting the fixed limit stop 53.
  • the springs 39-91 resiliently hold the roller in the position shown in FIG. 6 wedging the lug 51 against the stop 58 to resist movement of the lug 51 in the clockwise direction in response to the force exerted by the torsion spring 31.
  • the cam stop lug 51 will be forced past the resiliently biased cam roller 72, and the closing spring 31 then takes over to return the door to the closed position by means of the spindle 3.
  • the adjustment screw 113 is rotated until the selector cam 111 is moved into the position shown in FIG. 7. This retracts the cam roller 72 completely out of all contact with the cam surface and lug 51 thereby permitting the door to be operated and returned to the closed position in the normal manner by the main closer spring 31.
  • the passage 150 is immediately closed by the ball check valve 151, and the fluid ahead of the piston 123 is discharged through the passage 152 under the control of the needle valve 155.
  • the valve 155 thus controls the rate of closing movement of the door so that it is at a predetermined, uniform rate until the piston 1Z3 closes the port 152 and opens the passage 159.
  • the fluid bypasses the piston 123 by -'way of the passages 157, 158 and 159, normally at a different rate than the How permitted by the needle valve 155.
  • the speed of closing movement of the door is thus under full control from full open to fully closed position and may be adjusted, in either or both the stroke and latch portions of the door movement, at the option of the user, to suit any conditions of installation and service that may ar1se.
  • the crank plate 43' is provided with a camming surface formed by an outwardly projecting lug 51 and terminating in an abrupt radial shoulder 51" for retention of the cam roller 72.
  • the cam follower comprises a pivoted bell crank 179 having a bifurcated arm providing spaced parallel follower arms 67 and 69 between the free ends of which is mounted the cam roller 72', by means of the roller mounting pin 71.
  • the pivoted bell crank 179 is rotatably secured on a rising boss 181, formed on the bottom floor 4 of the casing 1, by a cap pin 133.
  • Two concentric compression springs 184 and 185 are mounted between the rearward edge of the follower arms 6769' and the upwardly extending brace 187 formed on the horizontal mounting bracket 189, which in turn is secured to the casing by screws 196. These springs are held in place by mounting studs 1% and 188 on the follower arms and the base 187 respectively, and function to urge the follower arms and the cam roller 72. forwardly toward the crank plate 43.
  • a selector crank 191i is drivingly mounted on control rod 191, the lower end of which is rotatably mounted within an aperture in the horizontal mounting bracket 139.
  • the opposite end of the control rod 191 extends through the casing top 13, and terminates in an adjusting screw as shown in FIG. 5.
  • Crank 190 carries a downwardly projecting selector camming pin 193 adapted to engage the arm 1% of the bell crank 179, to swing the bell crank about its axis 183.
  • an improved door closer assembly which includes improved hold-open means mounted within the assembly casing, which will releasably hold the door in the open position and which may be rendered inoperative without hindering, limiting or in any way effecting the operation of the remaining elements of the assembly, or the angularity of door swing; which provides an improved construction of the conventional fioor mounted door closer, and arrangement of its operating components, to enhance the efficiency of its operation and to simplify its manufacture and assembly; which includes an improved positive stop means for limiting the maximum extent of door opening; which includes an improved adjustable hydraulic back-chcck and a closing speed control capable of any combination of stroke and latch speeds within the capacity of the driving spring which provides an improved control means which, as well as the hold-open means, may be regulated from the exterior of the casing without breaking the hydraulic seal and which does not complicate the construction of the door closer or materially increase the cost of its manufacture.
  • a casing having a base, a top wall, and side and end walls extending therebctween, a spindle rotatably supported vertically within said casing adjacent one of said end walls and extending through said top wall for controlling the opening and closing movement of a swinging door carried by the spindle, a crank plate drivingly carried by said spindle within said casing and having a peripheral edge forming a radial cam surface including an outwardly projecting stop lug, spring means pivotally secured to said crank plate for storing energy during the door-opening rotational movement of said spindle and for urging said spindle to rotate said door to the closed position when the door is released, a pair of flat elongated base plates secured together in juxtaposed face to face relation and horizontally mounted within said casing in the plane of said crank plate, said plates terminating in angula'ted forward edges extending into the path of said stop lug as the crank plate turns with the spindle and forming a rigid stop surface for
  • a casing having a bottom, a top, and side and end walls extending therebetween, a spindle rotatably supported within said casing and extending through said top for controlling the opening and closing movement of a swinging door carried on said spindle, a crank plate fixed to said spindle within said casing, the radial edge of said crank plate forming a cam surface of increasing radius terminating in a shoulder facing in the direction of spindle closing rotational movement, spring means connected to said crank plate for storing energy during the door opening rotational movement of said spindle and normally urging said spindle to return said door to the closed position when released, a lever pivotally secured to said casing to provide a cam follower arm movable angularly toward and away from said crank plate in the plane thereof, a cam roller rotatably mounted on said cam follower arm, a second spring means normally urging said arm to swing said roller into contact with said cam surface and for engagement behind said can sunface shoulder, and selector means including a
  • a casing having a bottom, a top, and side and end walls extending therebetween, a spindle rotatably supported within said casing and extending through said cover for controlling the opening and closing movement of a swinging door carried on said spindle, a crank plate fixed to said spindle within said casing, the radial edge of said crank plate forming a cam surface of increasing radius terminating in a substantially radial inwardly extending shoulder facing in the direction of spindle closing rotational movement, spring means connected to said crank plate for storing energy during the door opening rotational movement of said spindle and normally urging said spindle to return said door to the closed position when released, a bell crank lever pivotally secured to said casing to provide a cam follower arm movable toward and away from said crank plate in the plane thereof, a cam roller rotatably mounted on said cam follower arm for engaging said cam surface, a second spring means normally urging said arm to swing said roller into contact with said cam surface and for engagement behind said
  • a casing having top and bottom, and side and end walls extend-ing therebetween, a spindle rotatably mounted vertically within said casing adjacent one of said end walls for controlling the opening and closing movement of a swinging door carried thereby, a first crank plate drivingly carried by said spindle, a hydraulic dampening means mounted centrally within said casing for operation by said first crank plate for regulating the speed of rotation of said spindle in both door opening and door closing directions, a second crank plate drivingly carried on said spindle below said first crank plate, said second crank plate having a radial edge forming a cam surface of progressively increasing radius in the angular direction opposite to door opening rotation of the spindle and terminating in a radially projecting stop lug, a torsion spring mounted in the casing adjacent the other end wall, link means connecting said spring means to said second crank plate for storing energy during the door opening rotational movement of said spindle and for urging said spindle to rotate said door to the closed position
  • a casing having a base, a top, and side and end walls extending therebetween, a spindle rotatably mounted vertically within said casing adjacent one of said end walls for controlling the opening and closing movement of a swinging door carried thereby, a crank plate drivingly carried on said spindle, said crank plate having a radial edge forming a cam surface of pro gressively increasing radius in the angular direction opposite to the door opening direction of rotation of the spindle, said cam surface terminating in an outwardly projecting stop lug, a torsion spring mounted in the casing adjacent the other end wall, link means connecting said torsion spring to said crank plate for storing energy during the door-opening rotational movement of said spindle and for urging said spindle to swing said door to the closed position when the door is released; a hold open means comprising a flat elongated plate means fixedly mounted horizontally adjacent the bottom of said casing, said plate means terminating in an angulated forward edge located in the
  • a casing having a base, a top, and side and end walls extending therebetween, a spindle rotatably mounted vertically within said casing adjacent one of said end walls for controlling the opening and closing movement of a swinging door carried thereby, a first crank plate drivingly carried by said spindle, a fiuid dampening means mounted centrally within said casing and on the top wall thereof for operation by said first crank plate to regulate the speed of rotation of said spindle during opening and closing movement of the door, a second crank plate drivingly carried on said spindle i elow said first crank plate, said second crank plate having a radial edge forming a cam surface of progressively increasing radius in the angular direction opposite the door opening direction of rotation of the spindle, said cam surface terminating in an outwardly projecting stop lug, a torsion spring mounted in the casing adjacent the other end wall, link means extending beneath said dampening means and connecting said torsion spring to said second crank plate for
  • a door controlling mechanism a casing, a spindle rotatably mounted vertically within said casing adjacent one end thereof for controlling the opening and closing movement of a swinging door carried thereby, a first crank plate drivingy carried by said siindle centrally thereon, a hydraulic dampening means mounted centrally within said casing for operation by said first crank plate for regulating the speed of spindle rotation during opening and closing movement of the door, a second crank plate drivingly carried on said spindle, said second crank plate having a radial edge of progressively increasing radius in the angular direction opposite the door-opening direction of spindle rotation to form a cam, surface, said cam surface terminating in a radially projecting reverse motion stop lug, door closing means connected to said second crank plate for rotating said spindle to swing the door to the closed position, a cam follower arm pivotally mounted in the casing for swinging movement of the free end of said arm toward and away from the spindle axis, a cam roller mounted on the free end of said
  • a hold open means comprising a cam member fixed to said spindle and disposed within said housing, said cam member having a peripheral edge providing a cam surface of progressively increasing radius in the angular direction opposite the d rection of spindle rotation during door opening movement of the spindle and terminating in a radially projecting stop lug, a follower arm pivotcdly mounted in said casing for swinging movement of its free end toward and away from said earn surface, a cam roller mounted on the free end of said arm for normally contacting said cam surface and engaging behind said stop lug when said spindle is rotated a predetermined amount in the door opening direction, spring means for normally urging said follower arm toward said cam surface, and
  • shiftable selector means for pivotally swinging said fol-' lower arm against the force of said spring means and away from said cam surface to position said roller out of the path of said stop lug, said follower arm being mounted on a plate which extends into the path of said stop lug to provide a fixed abutment for engaging the stop lug upon a predetermined extent of rotation of said spindle in the door opening direction.
  • the hold open device of claim 8 wherein the base plate is an elongate member and the pivoted follower arm extends laterally from adjacent the forward end thereof which extends into the path of the stop lug, and wherein the base plate has a pair of superposed ears projecting laterally in the direction as said follower arm and spaced rearwardly therefrom, a follower bar having one end pivotedly connected to the free end of said follower arm is slidably received between said ears, said ears and follower bar have aligned openings therethrough, and the selector means is rotatably mounted in the openings of said ears, said selector means having an eccentric element extending through the opening in said follower bar to engage the rearward edge thereof, and said fol-lower bar opening being elongated toward said follower arm to permit unimpeded swing movement of the said arm under the action of said cam surface on said cam roller.
  • the spring means is a helical compression spring threaded on said follower bar and bearing between said follower arm and said ears.
  • a hold open assembly comprising an elongated fiat base plate, a follower arm pivoted on said base plate adjacent one end thereof and extending laterally from one edge thereof, a tail portion at the other end of said base plate extending laterally from said one edge, a pair of parallel vertically spaced ears projecting from said one edge of the base plate intermediate said follower arm and tail portion and spaced from each of them longitudinally of the base plate, a follower bar having an enlarged body portion slidably received between said tears and having one end pivotedly connected to the free end of said follower arm, a helical compression spring threaded on said follower bar between said follower arm and said ears and bearing against each of them, a second helical compres sion spring on said follower bar bearing between said tail portion and the said body portion of the follower bar, said ears having aligned annular openings therein and said follower bar having an opening registering with the openings of said ears, and a rotatable selector means mounted in the
  • a hold open means comprising a cam member fixed to said spindle and disposed within said housing, said cam member having a peripheral edge providing a cam surface of progressively increasing radius in the angular direction opposite the direction of spindle rotation during door opening movement of the spindle and terminating in a radially projecting stop lug, a bell crank pivotally mounted in said casing and having an arm positioned for swinging movement of its free end toward and away from said cam surface, a cam roller mounted on the free end of said arm for normally contacting said cam surface and engaging behind said stop lug when said spindle is rotated at predetermined amount in the door opening direction, spring means for normally urging said follower arm toward said cam surface, and shiftable selector means comprising a rotatable eccentric member positioned to engage the other arm of the bell crank and operable to pivot the bell crank so as to swing the said one arm away from the cam member and hold the

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  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
US23458A 1960-04-20 1960-04-20 Door closer assembly Expired - Lifetime US3106743A (en)

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US23458A US3106743A (en) 1960-04-20 1960-04-20 Door closer assembly
GB14288/61A GB903664A (en) 1960-04-20 1961-04-20 Door closer assembly
BE602829A BE602829A (fr) 1960-04-20 1961-04-20 Mécanisme de fermeture de porte

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US23458A US3106743A (en) 1960-04-20 1960-04-20 Door closer assembly

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US3106743A true US3106743A (en) 1963-10-15

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GB (1) GB903664A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3702015A (en) * 1971-10-13 1972-11-07 Bommer Spring Hinge Co Inc Hold open assembly for checking floor hinge
US4394787A (en) * 1978-07-27 1983-07-26 Dorma Door Controls Inc. Hydraulic door closer construction
US4996740A (en) * 1989-08-22 1991-03-05 National Door Controls Door closer adapter/replacement assembly
US20060261610A1 (en) * 2004-08-10 2006-11-23 Volker Bienek Floor spring
US20070186376A1 (en) * 2003-08-22 2007-08-16 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Floor spring

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1025309A (en) * 1909-02-03 1912-05-07 Oscar C Rixson Door-closing mechanism.
US1821570A (en) * 1927-11-21 1931-09-01 Norton Lasier Co Doorcheck, floor type
US2703906A (en) * 1954-03-31 1955-03-15 Oscar C Rixson Co Hold-open door check
US2880449A (en) * 1956-09-24 1959-04-07 Bommer Spring Hinge Co Inc Hold open devices for double acting swinging doors
US2911210A (en) * 1955-11-25 1959-11-03 Stanley Works Hydraulic door operators

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1025309A (en) * 1909-02-03 1912-05-07 Oscar C Rixson Door-closing mechanism.
US1821570A (en) * 1927-11-21 1931-09-01 Norton Lasier Co Doorcheck, floor type
US2703906A (en) * 1954-03-31 1955-03-15 Oscar C Rixson Co Hold-open door check
US2911210A (en) * 1955-11-25 1959-11-03 Stanley Works Hydraulic door operators
US2880449A (en) * 1956-09-24 1959-04-07 Bommer Spring Hinge Co Inc Hold open devices for double acting swinging doors

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3702015A (en) * 1971-10-13 1972-11-07 Bommer Spring Hinge Co Inc Hold open assembly for checking floor hinge
US4394787A (en) * 1978-07-27 1983-07-26 Dorma Door Controls Inc. Hydraulic door closer construction
US4996740A (en) * 1989-08-22 1991-03-05 National Door Controls Door closer adapter/replacement assembly
US20070186376A1 (en) * 2003-08-22 2007-08-16 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Floor spring
US20060261610A1 (en) * 2004-08-10 2006-11-23 Volker Bienek Floor spring

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB903664A (en) 1962-08-15
BE602829A (fr) 1961-08-16

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