US3113863A - Columbium base alloy - Google Patents

Columbium base alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
US3113863A
US3113863A US32581A US3258160A US3113863A US 3113863 A US3113863 A US 3113863A US 32581 A US32581 A US 32581A US 3258160 A US3258160 A US 3258160A US 3113863 A US3113863 A US 3113863A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
alloy
columbium
weight
columbium base
base alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US32581A
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English (en)
Inventor
Winston H Chang
Jack W Clark
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US32581A priority Critical patent/US3113863A/en
Priority to GB18323/61A priority patent/GB957335A/en
Priority to BE604196A priority patent/BE604196A/fr
Priority to CH629861A priority patent/CH410438A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3113863A publication Critical patent/US3113863A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/02—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum

Definitions

  • This invention relates to columbium base alloys and, more particularly, to columbium base alloys hardened by both solution hardening through tungsten and molybdenum and dispersion hardening through a combination of zirconium, hafnium and titanium in the presence of carbon.
  • columbium base alloys includes improvement in both strength as well as in oxidation resistance. Generally, however, an alloy which finally finds its way into production is neither the strongest alloy available nor the one having the best oxidation resistance. It is an alloy having the best combination of strength and oxidation resistance along with suitable ductility to allow it to be fabricated.
  • Various columbium base alloys achieve their strength through two co-acting mechanisms.
  • One of these mechanisms is solution hardening in which certain judiciously selected quantities of particular substitutional elements are put into a single phase or solid solution with the base metal. This is generally accomplished during vacuum arc melting of the alloy.
  • Another of the co-acting strengthening mechanisms is dispersion hardening in which other judiciously selected quantities of particular substitutional elements are included in the alloy along with such interstitial elements as. carbon or oxygen or both to form fine, well dispersed and thermodynamically stable particles of carbides or oxides or both.
  • the presence of such a fine, well dispersed phase within the matrix of a metal alloy is very effective in inhibiting motion of dislocations and thereby slip during long time constant load stress rupture conditions.
  • the principal object of this invention is to provide an improved columbium base alloy having a good balance of strength and oxidation resistance and having a strong matrix reinforced by a fine dispersion of complex highly stabilized carbides.
  • Another object is to provide an improved columbium base alloy which is both solution and dispersion hardened to give improved strength properties through carbides of titanium, zirconium and hafnium and a judicious ratio of carbide former to carbon.
  • this invention provides a columbium base alloy solution hardened with tungsten and molybdenum and dispersion hardened with 0.1-1% by weight titanium, 0.11.8% by weight zirconium and 0.5-1% by weight hafnium in the presence of carbon to form dispersed simple and complex carbides of titanium, zirconium and hafnium.
  • columbium base alloy described in co-pending application Serial Number 819,776, Frank, filed June 11, 1959, now US. Patent 2,973,261, issued February 28, 1961, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention, is an example of a columbium base alloy solution hardened with a judicious selection of one or both of the elements tungsten and molybdenum within the range of 420% by weight.
  • a preferred form of the present invention is an alloy consisting essentially of, in percent by weight, 1520% W, 540% Mo, 0.5-1% Zr, 0.050.1% C, (LS-1% Hf, O.10.25% Ti with the balance columbium.
  • small amounts of boron can be added in order to further improve strength properties.
  • Table I provides the composition of some typical alloys Within and Without the scope of this invention which were melted and tested. These alloys were vacuum arc melted in five pound heats, extruded and swaged to diameter stock.
  • Tables II and III below report the results of tensile and stress rupture tests conducted in vacuum on the swaged alloys.
  • AS 10 and 11 which are significantly stronger in all respects
  • AS 10 the preferred form of the alloy of this invention is represented by the range of alloys AS 10 and 11 (which are significantly stronger in all respects) and specifically the composition of AS 10, it can be recognized that alloy AS 7, within the range of this invention results in improved tensile strength properties at 2200" F. and improved 0.2% yield stnength and stress rupture life at 2000 F. in comparison with the strongest alloy of the abovementioned co-pending application, herein represented as alloy F 8-1.
  • the dramatic increase in the 3 tensile properties of alloys AS 10 and 11 is readily seen in Table II.
  • the stress rupture strength of the alloy of this invention, and particularly AS 10 is dramatically greater than similar alloys which are not as judiciously solution and dispersion hardened through the careful selection of the elements Within the scope of the present invention.
  • Another Way of representing the greatly improved stress rupture properties of the specifically preferred alloy form AS 10 in comparison with alloy F 8-1 is to note that the 2200 F1100 hour stress rupture life of AS 10 is 22,000 psi. in comparison with 16,500 p.s.i. for alloy form F 8-1.
  • An improved columbium base ailloy consisting esi sentially, in percent by weight, of 15-20% W, 510% M0, 0.51% Zr, ODS-0.1% C, O.51% Hf, (ll-0.25% "Di, up to about 0.05% B With the balance oolumbium.
  • An improved columbium base alloy consisting essentially, in percent by weight, of 20% W, 10% M0,
  • An improved columbium base alloy consisting essentially, in percent by Weight, of 20% W, 10% Mo, 1% Zr, 0.1% C, 0.5% Hf, 0.1% Ti, 0.05% B, with the balance oolumbium.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
US32581A 1960-05-31 1960-05-31 Columbium base alloy Expired - Lifetime US3113863A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US32581A US3113863A (en) 1960-05-31 1960-05-31 Columbium base alloy
GB18323/61A GB957335A (en) 1960-05-31 1961-05-19 Improvements in columbium base alloys
BE604196A BE604196A (fr) 1960-05-31 1961-05-25 Alliage à base de niobium
CH629861A CH410438A (de) 1960-05-31 1961-05-30 Nioblegierung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US32581A US3113863A (en) 1960-05-31 1960-05-31 Columbium base alloy

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3113863A true US3113863A (en) 1963-12-10

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US32581A Expired - Lifetime US3113863A (en) 1960-05-31 1960-05-31 Columbium base alloy

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US (1) US3113863A (fr)
BE (1) BE604196A (fr)
CH (1) CH410438A (fr)
GB (1) GB957335A (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3222166A (en) * 1963-10-11 1965-12-07 Crucible Steel Co America Tungsten-base alloy
US3230119A (en) * 1963-09-17 1966-01-18 Du Pont Method of treating columbium-base alloy
US3243291A (en) * 1963-10-29 1966-03-29 Gen Telephone & Elect High-temperature alloy
US3341370A (en) * 1963-12-10 1967-09-12 United Aircraft Corp Hafnium-containing columbium-base alloys
US3366513A (en) * 1964-02-20 1968-01-30 Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd Heat treatment of niobium alloys
US3384479A (en) * 1965-07-08 1968-05-21 Gen Electric Columbium-base alloys
US3390983A (en) * 1964-04-20 1968-07-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tantalum base alloys
US3607251A (en) * 1969-04-18 1971-09-21 Ostermann Friedrich G Molybdenum in carbon containing niobium-base alloys

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2822268A (en) * 1956-08-01 1958-02-04 Du Pont Compositions of matter
GB803855A (en) * 1957-04-03 1958-11-05 Du Pont Improvements in or relating to niobium alloys
AT201297B (de) * 1957-10-11 1958-12-27 Plansee Metallwerk Hochschmelzende Sinterlegierung
US2883282A (en) * 1957-05-21 1959-04-21 Horizons Inc Protection of niobium from oxidation
US2973261A (en) * 1959-06-11 1961-02-28 Gen Electric Columbium base alloys

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2822268A (en) * 1956-08-01 1958-02-04 Du Pont Compositions of matter
GB803855A (en) * 1957-04-03 1958-11-05 Du Pont Improvements in or relating to niobium alloys
US2883282A (en) * 1957-05-21 1959-04-21 Horizons Inc Protection of niobium from oxidation
AT201297B (de) * 1957-10-11 1958-12-27 Plansee Metallwerk Hochschmelzende Sinterlegierung
US2973261A (en) * 1959-06-11 1961-02-28 Gen Electric Columbium base alloys

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3230119A (en) * 1963-09-17 1966-01-18 Du Pont Method of treating columbium-base alloy
US3222166A (en) * 1963-10-11 1965-12-07 Crucible Steel Co America Tungsten-base alloy
US3243291A (en) * 1963-10-29 1966-03-29 Gen Telephone & Elect High-temperature alloy
US3341370A (en) * 1963-12-10 1967-09-12 United Aircraft Corp Hafnium-containing columbium-base alloys
US3366513A (en) * 1964-02-20 1968-01-30 Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd Heat treatment of niobium alloys
US3390983A (en) * 1964-04-20 1968-07-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tantalum base alloys
US3384479A (en) * 1965-07-08 1968-05-21 Gen Electric Columbium-base alloys
US3607251A (en) * 1969-04-18 1971-09-21 Ostermann Friedrich G Molybdenum in carbon containing niobium-base alloys

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH410438A (de) 1966-03-31
BE604196A (fr) 1961-09-18
GB957335A (en) 1964-05-06

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