US3124940A - Guelton - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3124940A
US3124940A US3124940DA US3124940A US 3124940 A US3124940 A US 3124940A US 3124940D A US3124940D A US 3124940DA US 3124940 A US3124940 A US 3124940A
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United States
Prior art keywords
plates
gas
evaporator
air
brushes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/06—Removing frost
    • F25D21/065—Removing frost by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
    • B01D1/222—In rotating vessels; vessels with movable parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/10—Arrangements for preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/032—Avoiding freezing or defrosting

Definitions

  • Gases liquefied under pressure at low temperature, more especially liquid oxygen, are generally evaporated and heated in atmospheric evaporators capable of dealing with rates of flow of some hundreds of cubic metres per hour.
  • These evaporators generally consist of a number of parallel vertical plates to which are secured coils in which there flows the fluid to be evaporated.
  • the invention is characterized in that the frost deposited on the external surface of the evaporator is eliminated as it is formed by a continuous sweeping. This is effected by means of a system of continuously moving brushes which are constantly maintained at least partly in frictional contact with the surface to be defrosted. The temperature difference between the ambient air and the gas, on the delivery side of the evaporator, is thus reduced to about C.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that it permits of obtaining better stability of the delivery temperature of the gas in the course of the filling of one bank.
  • This variation of the delivery temperature which is about 22 C. in the case of oxygen when employing an evaporator operating without the sweeping, is reduced to only 7 C. in the case of the evaporator provided with sweeping means, which is a reduction in the variation of
  • the abovedescribed brushing device additionally comprises an original device for the automatic or manual regulation of the air delivery of the fan.
  • This regulation is hereinafter described, and it permits of further reducing the variation of the delivery temperature of the gas which, in the case of oxygen, then 3,124,940 Patented Mar. 17, 1964 does not exceed 2 C. In addition, it is possible with this regulation to adjust the said temperature to a predetermined value, regardless of the ambient temperature and humidity conditions.
  • a further advantage of the invention resides in that it is possible by means of the automatic regulation to ellect this stabilisation of the delivery temperature of the oxygen in only a few minutes, independently of the delivery pressure, while with the evaporators of the prior art the temperature of the oxygen leaving the evaporator at, for example, kg./cm. is regularly reduced, whereas it can be stabilised only after a very long time when the accumulation of frost on the plates is sufiicient to stop the formation of further layers.
  • FIGURE 1 is a view in perspective of the atmospheric evaporator.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates a heat exchange plate with its coil.
  • FIGURE 3 is a side View of the heat exchange plates of the evaporator.
  • FIGURE 4 illustrates the details of a construction according to the invention of a brush holder 11 with its various brushes 12.
  • FIGURE 5 illustrates the mode of action exerted by the brushes on the plates and on the coils of the atmospheric evaporator.
  • FIGURE 6 diagrammatically illustrates the principle of the sweeping of the frost formed on the coil plates.
  • the atmospheric evaporator is provided with a jacket 1 containing a series of parallel plates 2, to which are secured the coils 3 in which there flows the liquefied gas to be evaporated.
  • the inlets and outlets of the various coils 3 are connected to the inlet and output collectors 4 and 5 respectively of the heater.
  • the atmospheric air is sent by the fan 6 between the plates 2.
  • a driving and reduction unit 3 shown in FIGURE 6 drives a double system of toothed pinions 9 with which there mesh the two endless chains ill.
  • the spindles of the horizontal brush holders 11 are fixed at their ends to each of the endless chains 10. In principle, there are four brush holders, but this number may vary in accordance with the desired rate of flow of gas.
  • the brush holders 11 thus circulate in each of the successive intervals between the plates, thus detaching and clearing the frost formed on the plates 2 of the heater and on the coils 3.
  • a compartment 13 illustrated in FIGURE 1, disposed between the air fan 6 and the coil plates 2, comprises the device for the automatic regulation of the delivery temperature of the gas.
  • the said device comprises a regulator 14 which controls through a system of rods 15, in accordance with the fixed adjustment, the opening or closing of the flaps 16, whereby the useful air delivery rate of the fan 6 is appropriately adjusted.
  • Regulator 14 is governed by a thermostat 20, the temperaturesensitive portion of which is in termal relation with the flow of evaporated gas leaving the evaporator.
  • the temperature-sensitive portion of thermostat Zll may be located inside the outlet collector 5 in the manner illustrated by FIGURE 2.
  • An evaporator for gas liquefied at low temperature by heat exchange with a flow of ambient air said evaporator comprising heat-exchange surfaces between which said ambient air flow passes and means for defrosting said heat-exchange surfaces which are swept by the ambient air flow, wherein the heat-exchange surfaces are formed by a plurality of tubes containing said liquefied gas and parallel metal plates afllxed to said tubes, and wherein said defrosting means comprises brushes, means for moving said brushes continuously in a single direction along a closed path at a substantially constant speed, and means for maintaining said brushes in frictional contact with said heat-exchange surfaces at least during the major part of their travel, the brush-moving means comprising at least one endless chain, to which said brushes are affixed, disposed along said closed path, and means for driving said chain in said single direction to constrain said brushes to pass successively through the intervals between said plates.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US3124940D 1960-10-12 Guelton Expired - Lifetime US3124940A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR840964A FR1276751A (fr) 1960-10-12 1960-10-12 Dispositif de dégivrage améliorant le fonctionnement des vaporiseurs atmosphériques pour gaz liquéfiés

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3124940A true US3124940A (en) 1964-03-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3124940D Expired - Lifetime US3124940A (en) 1960-10-12 Guelton

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3124940A (fr)
DE (1) DE1176162B (fr)
FR (1) FR1276751A (fr)
GB (1) GB951136A (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3727651A (en) * 1971-03-17 1973-04-17 R Biever Portable high volume gas supply system
US4126015A (en) * 1976-08-20 1978-11-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Air cooling apparatus
US4226605A (en) * 1978-10-23 1980-10-07 Airco, Inc. Flameless vaporizer
US4399660A (en) * 1981-02-10 1983-08-23 Union Carbide Corporation Atmospheric vaporizer
US4438729A (en) * 1980-03-31 1984-03-27 Halliburton Company Flameless nitrogen skid unit
US4479359A (en) * 1980-10-01 1984-10-30 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Atmospheric heaters
GB2171191A (en) * 1985-02-19 1986-08-20 Starfrost Systems Ltd Evaporator mechanical defrost system
EP0612966A1 (fr) * 1993-02-26 1994-08-31 The Boc Group, Inc. Appareil de chauffage ou de refroidissement avec circulation forcée, ainsi que son procédé
US20070012050A1 (en) * 2005-07-18 2007-01-18 Cryoquip, Inc. Thermal method for ice removal under ambient air cryogenic vaporizers
US20070017231A1 (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-01-25 Cryoquip, Inc. Method for ice removal under ambient air cryogenic vaporizers
US20070022760A1 (en) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Cryoquip, Inc. Flow stability in massively parallel cryogenic vaporizers
US7493772B1 (en) * 2006-03-20 2009-02-24 Cryoquip, Inc. Enhanced natural draft vaporizer for cryogenic fluids
US7870747B1 (en) 2005-05-13 2011-01-18 Cryoquip, Inc. Fogless ambient air vaporizer
US20110030391A1 (en) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 Woodside Energy Limited Mechanical Defrosting During Continuous Regasification of a Cryogenic Fluid Using Ambient Air
US8662149B1 (en) 2012-11-28 2014-03-04 Robert E. Bernert, Jr. Frost free cryogenic ambient air vaporizer
CN114738822A (zh) * 2022-05-10 2022-07-12 江西中聚宏新材料科技有限公司 节能空气热泵系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4766952A (en) * 1985-11-15 1988-08-30 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Waste heat recovery apparatus
DE10008780A1 (de) * 2000-02-04 2001-08-09 Krytem Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur gezielten Beeinflussung des Wärmeaustauschs an mit Umgebungsluft beheizten Verdampfern für tiefkalte Flüssigkeiten
CN112747503B (zh) * 2020-12-14 2022-12-23 镇江市威胜电气有限公司 一种翅片蒸发器及其生产工艺

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US192233A (en) * 1877-06-19 Improvement in ice and refrigerating machines
US204200A (en) * 1878-05-28 Improvement in operating boiler-brooms
US237236A (en) * 1881-02-01 Air drying and refrigerating apparatus
US331530A (en) * 1885-12-01 The-main
US1027875A (en) * 1911-10-16 1912-05-28 Walther Mathesius Economizer, regenerator, and the like.
DE676506C (de) * 1937-12-25 1939-06-05 Otto & Co Gmbh Dr C Vorrichtung zum Reinigen der Auflageflaeche metallischer Dichtungen an Tuerrahmen von Kammeroefen
US2359219A (en) * 1943-03-26 1944-09-26 Green S Fuel Inc Means for using liquefied petroleum gases for engine fuel
CH237257A (de) * 1942-12-01 1945-04-15 Rossel Werner Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Entfernen des Reifansatzes an Luftkühlerbatterien.
US2446498A (en) * 1945-07-27 1948-08-03 George T Underwood Liquid air boiler
US2998801A (en) * 1958-06-23 1961-09-05 Kamco Products Inc Device for painting flagpoles, suspension cables and the like

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US192233A (en) * 1877-06-19 Improvement in ice and refrigerating machines
US204200A (en) * 1878-05-28 Improvement in operating boiler-brooms
US237236A (en) * 1881-02-01 Air drying and refrigerating apparatus
US331530A (en) * 1885-12-01 The-main
US1027875A (en) * 1911-10-16 1912-05-28 Walther Mathesius Economizer, regenerator, and the like.
DE676506C (de) * 1937-12-25 1939-06-05 Otto & Co Gmbh Dr C Vorrichtung zum Reinigen der Auflageflaeche metallischer Dichtungen an Tuerrahmen von Kammeroefen
CH237257A (de) * 1942-12-01 1945-04-15 Rossel Werner Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Entfernen des Reifansatzes an Luftkühlerbatterien.
US2359219A (en) * 1943-03-26 1944-09-26 Green S Fuel Inc Means for using liquefied petroleum gases for engine fuel
US2446498A (en) * 1945-07-27 1948-08-03 George T Underwood Liquid air boiler
US2998801A (en) * 1958-06-23 1961-09-05 Kamco Products Inc Device for painting flagpoles, suspension cables and the like

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3727651A (en) * 1971-03-17 1973-04-17 R Biever Portable high volume gas supply system
US4126015A (en) * 1976-08-20 1978-11-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Air cooling apparatus
US4226605A (en) * 1978-10-23 1980-10-07 Airco, Inc. Flameless vaporizer
US4438729A (en) * 1980-03-31 1984-03-27 Halliburton Company Flameless nitrogen skid unit
US5551242A (en) * 1980-03-31 1996-09-03 Halliburton Company Flameless nitrogen skid unit
US4479359A (en) * 1980-10-01 1984-10-30 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Atmospheric heaters
US4399660A (en) * 1981-02-10 1983-08-23 Union Carbide Corporation Atmospheric vaporizer
GB2171191A (en) * 1985-02-19 1986-08-20 Starfrost Systems Ltd Evaporator mechanical defrost system
US5487908A (en) * 1993-02-26 1996-01-30 The Boc Group, Inc. Method and device for transmitting heating or cooling medium to a food product on a moving substrate
EP0612966A1 (fr) * 1993-02-26 1994-08-31 The Boc Group, Inc. Appareil de chauffage ou de refroidissement avec circulation forcée, ainsi que son procédé
US7870747B1 (en) 2005-05-13 2011-01-18 Cryoquip, Inc. Fogless ambient air vaporizer
US20070012050A1 (en) * 2005-07-18 2007-01-18 Cryoquip, Inc. Thermal method for ice removal under ambient air cryogenic vaporizers
US20070017231A1 (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-01-25 Cryoquip, Inc. Method for ice removal under ambient air cryogenic vaporizers
US8402774B2 (en) 2005-07-21 2013-03-26 Cryoquip, Inc. Spraying water under ambient air cryogenic vaporizers
US20070022760A1 (en) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Cryoquip, Inc. Flow stability in massively parallel cryogenic vaporizers
US7493772B1 (en) * 2006-03-20 2009-02-24 Cryoquip, Inc. Enhanced natural draft vaporizer for cryogenic fluids
US20110030391A1 (en) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 Woodside Energy Limited Mechanical Defrosting During Continuous Regasification of a Cryogenic Fluid Using Ambient Air
US8662149B1 (en) 2012-11-28 2014-03-04 Robert E. Bernert, Jr. Frost free cryogenic ambient air vaporizer
CN114738822A (zh) * 2022-05-10 2022-07-12 江西中聚宏新材料科技有限公司 节能空气热泵系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1176162B (de) 1964-08-20
GB951136A (en) 1964-03-04
FR1276751A (fr) 1961-11-24

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