US3141942A - Control means for air blast circuit breakers - Google Patents

Control means for air blast circuit breakers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3141942A
US3141942A US46659A US4665960A US3141942A US 3141942 A US3141942 A US 3141942A US 46659 A US46659 A US 46659A US 4665960 A US4665960 A US 4665960A US 3141942 A US3141942 A US 3141942A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
conduit
contacts
valve
air
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Expired - Lifetime
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US46659A
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English (en)
Inventor
Forwald Haakon
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/56—Gas reservoirs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H33/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using fluid actuator
    • H01H33/32—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using fluid actuator pneumatic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/80—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve
    • H01H33/82—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve the fluid being air or gas
    • H01H33/83—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve the fluid being air or gas wherein the contacts are opened by the flow of air or gas

Definitions

  • This invention relates to air blast circuit breakers and more specifically relates to a control for a high pressure air cut-off means for normally isolating a source of compressed air from an interrupter structure and its support so that compressed air will not be lost in the event of a leak in the interrupter or its support.
  • Air blast circuit breakers are well known in the art, wherein compressed air is supplied to an interrupter or are extinguishing chamber through a support pillar insulator.
  • the insulators are filled with compressed air when the contacts of the interrupter are in the open as well as the closed position.
  • the compressed air within the insulator and are extinguishing chamber supplies an air blast for extinguishing the arc drawn by the contacts.
  • the individual pillar insulators have heretofore been provided each with its individual reservoir of high pressure gas, these reservoirs being connected to the main source of high pressure through small orifices.
  • the main pressure source, and the reservoirs, for the other pillar insulators drain through the restrictive orifices whereby repairs can be effective before a serious pressure loss occurs.
  • This system is subject to the disadvantage that, after contact operation and air blast, the compressed air for the various reservoirs is drained and is not quickly replen ished. If the pressure level falls too low, it is possible for the contacts to reclose unintentionally, so that the orifices for this reason should preferably be large. On the other hand, for the orifice to be operable to isolate the main pressure source from a broken pillar insulator, it is preferably small.
  • the orifice is (ept small while quick replenishing of high pressure gas after contact operation is provided.
  • the orifice is placed in a valve type structure which is momentarily opened during blast operation and is thereafter closed. This permits a quick replenishing of high pressure gas to the individual reservoirs and, if one of the insulators is broken, the high pressure source is directly exposed to this break for only the very short time that the valve is open.
  • the present invention provides means whereby the restrictive orifices of such a system may be controllably opened during times other than the contact operation time so that, for example, the auxiliary pressure supplies may be supplied at any desired time other than contact operating time and when the unit is initially placed in service.
  • a primary object of this invention is to provide a novel pressure supply control system for air blast circuit breakers wherein each of a plurality of series connected interrupters are pneumatically isolated from one another.
  • Another object of this invention is to isolate pneumatically a number of series connected interrupters from one another and from a main source of high pressure air so that a leak in any one of the interrupter systems will not cause a drain of high pressure air from either the remaining systems or the main source of supply.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a restrictive orifice between a compressed air reservoir or chamber which supplies the air blast for an interrupter chamher and the main source of high pressure air wherein the orifice is temporarily opened during the opening operation of the interrupter to replenish the supply of air in the compressed air reservoir.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a novel control system for normally isolated auxiliary pressure supplies of a gas blast circuit breaker wherein the restrictive orifice may be defeated at any desired time.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a side view of one pole of a circuit breaker having a plurality of series connected interrupters, and with a first embodiment of a restricted orifice defeating means for auxiliary pressure chambers which are normally-isolated from one another.
  • FIGURE 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGURE 3 shows in part an interrupter with a pair of cooperating contacts in the closed position.
  • FIGURE 4 shows the same interrupter as FIGURE 3, with the contacts in the open position.
  • the pole of the circuit breaker shown in this figure includes a first terminal 1 and a second terminal 2 which are connected in series with the four interrupting chambers or interrupters 3, 4, 5 and 6, which may be of the type shown in FIGURES 3 and 4.
  • interrupters 3, 4, 5 and 6 are mounted on hollow pillar insulators 7, 8, 9 and 10 respectively which are in turn mounted on compressed air reservoirs or containers 11, 12, 13 and 14 respectively which are in pneumatic communication with the interior of their respective pillar insulators and interrupter chambers.
  • Each of compressed air containers 11 to 14 communicate with conduit 15 which is connected through valve 61 to a main source of high pressure air (not shown) as through passages 16, 17, 18 and 19 respectively.
  • the main conduit 15 is provided with a plurality of cylindrical open ings 20, 21, 22 and 23 which receive pistons 24, 25, 26 and 27 respectively. Each of these pistons then carries a projecting nozzle such as nozzles 28, 29, 30 and 31 which seat in the openings of passages 16, 17, 18 and 19 respectively.
  • nozzles 28 to 31 are provided with orifices or controlled leaks 32, 33, 34 and 35 respectively where these controlled leaks are small enough to exert a substantial resistance to the flow of gas therethrough.
  • Each of nozzles 28 to 31 are normally biased upwardly to restrict their respective orifices by biasing springs 36, 37, 38 and 39 respectively.
  • a control air system which includes feeders 40, 41, 42 and 43 of control conduit 44 are connected to the gas pressure responsive means within the interrupters 3 to 6.
  • the contacts of the interrupters are then reclosed by removing the pressure from conduits 40 to 43 through appropriate pressure control means.
  • auxiliary operating means are provided whereby passages 16 to 19 are momentarily opened during air blast operations so that pressure in chambers 11 to 14 can be quickly restored. If, during this momentary operation, there is a leak in any one of the systems, the gas lost therethrough will be of a negligible amount because of the relatively short time that the orifice in front of it is opened.
  • the novel system includes a two-way valve structure 45 which comprises a cylinder 46 having a piston 47 movable therein.
  • the piston 47 has a stem 48 which carries a valve element 49.
  • Valve element 49 normally seats against lower orifice 50 by virtue of biasing spring 51 within cylinder 46 which bears on piston 47.
  • Conduit 44 which causes interrupter operation is connectable to the main source of operating pressure through a valve 52 having a valve member 53 which is movable upwardly to connect main conduit 15 directly to conduit 44.
  • a further extension of conduit 44 introduces pressure below piston 47 whereupon valve element 49 is moved upwardly to seal off feeder conduit 54.
  • a time delay pressure equalizing means is then provided for piston 47 by way of orifice 55 in piston 47.
  • each of the auxiliary pressure systems for each of the interrupters are isolated.
  • valve member 53 is either manually or automatically moved upwardly to connect the relatively high pressure within main conduit 15 to conduit 44, whereby the interrupter structures are operated under the influence of the strong air blast derived from the high pressure air in containers 11 to 14.
  • a relatively high pressure is placed beneath piston 47 so that piston 47 moves upwardly whereby valve member 4-9 seals olf feeder conduit 54 and vents conduit 56 through opening 50 to the external atmosphere.
  • the present invention makes it possible to substantially isolate the various interrupter structures from the other interrupter structures which are operated from a common pressure supply while still permitting a replenishing of the auxiliary pressure reservoirs.
  • auxiliary means are provided in the auxiliary conduits such as conduit 16 which connect main conduit 15 to the auxiliary pressure containers such as container 11.
  • auxiliary means include auxiliary conduit 97 having branch feeders 63, 64, 65 and 66 which are connected to conduit 15 through a cut-off valve 99.
  • feeder conduits 63 to 66 are connectible to their respective conduits such as conduit 16 through a valve 100, 101, 102 or 103, which is normally closed and is opened when pressure is applied to conduit 97.
  • valve 99 is then operable to a position where it connects conduit 97 to conduit 15 so that, in the absence of any required operation for the circuit breaker interrupters or of the valve heads 28 to 31, pressure can be directly applied to the auxiliary pressure system. It will be noted that the valve structure including valves to 103 is required to prevent the flow of gas from the other auxiliary pressure systems when a failure occurs in one of them.
  • FIGURE 2 A second embodiment of the invention is set forth in FIGURE 2 wherein components identical to those of FIGURE 1 have been given the same identifying numerals.
  • conduit portion 15 which contains the movable pistons 24 to 27 is shown in a more compact form in contrast to the elongated form of FIGURE 1, although the valve heads and pistons and springs such as valve head 28, piston 24 and spring 36 serve the same functions described above.
  • the operation of the two-way valve 45 for controlling the pressure of conduit 56 is arranged in a difi'erent way.
  • the two-way valve 45 is normally biased to a position as by biasing spring 51 to permit communication between conduit 56 and conduit 15.
  • the valve member 70 is movable to an upper position which closes off this connection and connects conduit 56 to the external atmosphere whereby the pressure on top of pistons 24 to 27 is sufficient to move the pistons 24 to 27 downwardly to connect the main pressure source to theauxiliary pressure containers such as container 11.
  • Valve member 70 is controlled by a piston 71 which is movable within a cylinder 72 and is connected to valve member 70 through the plunger 74 and pivotally mounted beam 75 is connected to piston 71 by link 76.
  • the piston 71 is normally biased in its upper position by a spring 73 so that spring 51 normally holds valve member 7 0 in the lower position shown.
  • piston 71 To control the position of piston 71, the space above in and below it are connected to one another through a conduit 77 which has a controlled bypass therein, including the ball-type back-valve 79.
  • the upper surface of piston 71 is connected to conduit 15 by feeder conduits 80 which have a valve 81 connected therein which normally cuts ofi conduit 15 from piston 71.
  • valve 81 when the valve member of valve 81 moves upwardly to shut off the space above piston 71 from external atmosphere and to connect the pressure of conduit 15 thereto, piston 71 will move downwardly to move valve member 70 upwardly and, after a predetermined time given by valve 79, the pressure below piston 71 will be relatively equalized to permit its return to the position shown so that valve member 70 is reclosed.
  • valve 81 The movable element of valve 81 is mechanically connected to ganged pistons 82, 83, 84 and 85 which are movable within their own respective cylinders.
  • valves 86, 87 and 88 Each of the poles of the circuit breaker of FIGURE 2, one of which has been described, is provided with a control device which includes electrically operated valves schematically illustrated as valves 86, 87 and 88, respectively.
  • Valve 86 has an outlet 89 which is connected to control conduit 44 of the phase shown in FIGURE 2; while outlets 90 and 91 of valves 87 and 88 are connected to similar control conduits of the other two phases.
  • valve 86 When valve 86, for example, is energized, the high pressure air of conduit 15 will be connected to conduit 44 to initiate the operation of each of the series connected circuit interrupters such as circuit interrupter 3 of the phase.
  • These valves further serve to connect conduit 15 to spaces 92, 93 and 94 beneath pistons 82, 83 and 84 respectively over auxiliary conduit means as schematically illustrated.
  • a further auxiliary conduit is connectable to space 95 beneath piston 85 through manually controllable valve 96.
  • compressed air from conduit 15 is connected in spaces 92, 93 and 94 beneath pistons 82, 83 and 84 respectively so that these pistons move upwardly to open valve 81.
  • This connects the pressure in conduit 15 to the top of piston 71 so that piston 71 moves downwardly and valve member 70 moves upwardly to vent the pressure in conduit 56.
  • This will cause each of the pistons such as piston 24 to move downwardly so that the conduits such as conduit 16 are connected to conduit 15 to permit a rapid refill of auxiliary compressed air containers 11 to 14 with compressed air from main conduit 15.
  • valve 79 After a predetermined time, air flow through valve 79 will cause pressure equalization between the upper and lower surfaces of piston 71 so that spring 73 can move piston 71 back to the position shown to permit valve 70 to move downwardly to close off conduit 56 and connect it to conduit 15 and thus permit the reclosing of valve heads such as valve head 28 to isolate the various auxiliary pressure sources.
  • the novel system can cause a replenishing of pressure to the auxiliary pressure systems without requiring a contact operation.
  • the auxiliary valve 96 may be manually operated to cause connection of conduit 15 to space beneath piston 85. This will cause the operation of valve 81 and, as described above, a momentary opening of the valve heads such as valve head 28 in the absence of any contact operation.
  • An interrupter (see FIGURES 3 and 4) consists of a chamber 3 enclosing a fixed contact member and a moving contact member 106.
  • the chamber is fitted with a bushing 104 carrying the fixed contact member 105.
  • the interrupter includes sliding contacts 107, which transmit the current from the moving contact member, as well as a contact spring 108, which always tends to maintain the contacts in the closed position.
  • a mechanism 109 is built onto the chamber for operating the contacts and for opening and closing the channels for the air flow.
  • the exhaust channel 110 of the chamber is sealed off by a valve disc 111, which is actuated by forces in the closing direction clue to the pressure in the chamber.
  • a breaking impulse is given to the circuit breaker, the control air conduit 40 is put under pressure.
  • the piston 113 causes the valve disc 111 to open at the same time as the seat 114 is put in communication via the auxiliary valve 115 with the outside atmosphere. This passage remains open as long as pressure is maintained in the cylinder 112.
  • the chamber 3 is kept continuously under pressure, whereas the control air conduit 40 is only put under pressure during opening operations.
  • the circuit breaker remains in the open position of rest as long as the pressure is maintained, but moves over to the closed position when the control air conduit is being emptied.
  • An air pressure control system for an air blast circuit breaker including a source of compressed air, a pillar insulator, said air blast circuit breaker including a circuit interrupting chamber carried on said pillar insulator, a pair of co-operating contacts enclosed in said chamber, said co-operating contacts being operable between a circuit closed and a circuit opened position, and said chamber being filled with compressed air in the closed as well as the opened position of said contacts, means pneumatically connecting said interrupting chamber to said pillar insulator, meansincluding an orifice pneumatically connecting said pillar insulator to said source of compressed air; a blocking means for said orifice movable between a blocking and an unblocking position, means normally holding said blocking means in said blocking position; a control means for said blocking means; means operatively connecting said control means to said co-operating contacts for operating said contacts between said circuit closed and said circuit opened position, said control means moving said blocking means to said unblocking position when said contacts are operated to said circuit opened position, and thereafter returning said blocking means
  • control means being manually operable to connect said interrupting chamber momentarily through said pillar insulator to said source of compressed air independently of operation of said contacts.
  • said control means comprising a two-way valve operable between a first and a second position; said blocking means including a piston; an air pressure means to maintain an air pressure on said piston to hold said piston in said blocking position when said two-Way valve is in said first position; movement of said valve to said second position removing said pressure on said pistons to permit movement of said piston to said unblocking position.
  • said two-Way valve having controlled leak means for automatically returning said valve to said first position after a predetermined time from the time said valve is moved to said second position.
  • control means being manually operable to connect said interrupting chamber momentarily through said pillar insulator to said source of compressed air independently of operation of said contacts.
  • control means being manually operable to connect said interrupting chamber momentarily through said pillar insulator to said source of compressed air independently of operation of said contacts.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
US46659A 1959-08-13 1960-08-01 Control means for air blast circuit breakers Expired - Lifetime US3141942A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE754859 1959-08-13
SE453960 1960-05-07

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Publication Number Publication Date
US3141942A true US3141942A (en) 1964-07-21

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US46659A Expired - Lifetime US3141942A (en) 1959-08-13 1960-08-01 Control means for air blast circuit breakers

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US (1) US3141942A (de)
CH (1) CH378391A (de)
DE (1) DE1174876B (de)
GB (1) GB904393A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3564179A (en) * 1968-06-20 1971-02-16 Coq Nv Double exhaust valve for gas blast circuit-breakers including a check valve and underpressure responsive valve

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE551071A (de) * 1955-07-26
DE1073578B (de) * 1959-10-23 1960-01-21 Aktiengesellschaft Brown Boveri 6. Cie Baden (Schweiz) Druckluttschalter
US2964605A (en) * 1955-09-22 1960-12-13 Voigt & Haeffner Ag Fluid pressure operated circuit breaker pole units

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1026348B (de) * 1955-12-03 1958-03-20 Siemens Ag Lastumschalter mit Sprungschaltwerk, insbesondere fuer Transformatoren auf elektrischen Triebfahrzeugen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE551071A (de) * 1955-07-26
US2964605A (en) * 1955-09-22 1960-12-13 Voigt & Haeffner Ag Fluid pressure operated circuit breaker pole units
DE1073578B (de) * 1959-10-23 1960-01-21 Aktiengesellschaft Brown Boveri 6. Cie Baden (Schweiz) Druckluttschalter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3564179A (en) * 1968-06-20 1971-02-16 Coq Nv Double exhaust valve for gas blast circuit-breakers including a check valve and underpressure responsive valve

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DE1174876B (de) 1964-07-30
GB904393A (en) 1962-08-29
CH378391A (de) 1964-06-15

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