US3155151A - Heat exchangers - Google Patents

Heat exchangers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3155151A
US3155151A US105771A US10577161A US3155151A US 3155151 A US3155151 A US 3155151A US 105771 A US105771 A US 105771A US 10577161 A US10577161 A US 10577161A US 3155151 A US3155151 A US 3155151A
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United States
Prior art keywords
strips
chambers
heat
heat exchanger
teeth
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Expired - Lifetime
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US105771A
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English (en)
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Pouit Robert
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
    • F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/009—Heat exchange having a solid heat storage mass for absorbing heat from one fluid and releasing it to another, i.e. regenerator
    • Y10S165/013—Movable heat storage mass with enclosure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heat exchangers and methods of making the same, more particularly to devices of the type providing direct calorific transfer by means of movable heat-conveying elements.
  • Among the objects of the invention is to generally improve the effectivness of apparatus of the type mentioned and to reduce the weight and overall size thereof.
  • a method has already become known which consists in using as heat transfer elements endless strips moving in a closed circuit through a pair of fluid chambers so as to form, by superposition, material nests which are gripped between rollers at the inlet and at the outlet of the chambers inside which the fluids flow at diiferent pressures and temperatures.
  • An important object of the present invention is the provision of improved means in connection with a heat exchanger of this type to ensure coordination of movement or spacial stability of the movable heat-conveying strips or elements.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of multiple units or groups of movable elements in a heat exchanger of the type mentioned, including means to operate and synchronize the movements of the elements of each unit with each other and with the elements of the remaining units of the composite heat exchanger structure.
  • Yet another object of the invention is the provision of a heat exchanger of the above type comprising a plurality of units or groups of nested endless heat transfer elements or strips operated by a common drive means and embodying improved means to stabilize and synchronize the movements of the elements of each group with each other and with the elements of the other groups of the composite heat exchanger structure.
  • the invention involves generally the forming of the heat-conveying endless strips with teeth providing a continuous rack along at least one of the edges of the nests of the strips, said rack cooperating with at least one rotatable pinion to coordinate or stabilize the movements of the strips, in such a manner as to ensure the strips to be uniformly spaced from each other while moving through the fluid chambers of the heat exchanger between which heat transfer is to be effected.
  • the entire thermal transfer device may be constituted by a plurality of multiple units or sets of nests or groups of endless strips of heat-conveying material, said sets or groups being advantageously driven by a common drive 3,155,151 Patented Nov. 3, 1954 means and synchronized by a common pinion or aggregate of pinions cooperating with the rack teeth of adjacent units or groups of the composite heat exchanger structure.
  • the coordinating or stabilizing pinions may serve as driving means for the units by connection with a suitable prime mover, such as an electric motor, or alternatively, the units may be driven by way of one of the friction pressure rollers common to all of the units, in which case the pinion coupling means between adjacent units merely serve to stabilize or synchronize the movements of the strips of the groups or units, thereby reducing wear of both the teeth of the strips and the pinions and resulting in increased life of the heat exchanger.
  • the strips of the different units may be either driven in the same direction or in opposite directions with the pinion coupling means between adjacent units serving to stabilize both the movements of the strips of the individual units and the movements of the strips of the different units of the heat exchanger, as will become further apparent as the following description proceeds.
  • Another improved feature of the invention relates to the provision of heat traps such as in the form of a number of spaced cuts in the longitudinal direction of the heat-conveying strips or elements, to prevent heat dispersion laterally or at right angle to the movement of the strips and to thereby improve the efficiency of the heat transfer between the fluid chambers of the heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-section taken along the line II of FIG. 2 illustrating a heat exchanger constructed in accordance with the principles of the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 1 in horizontal cross-section
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a transfer strip in which are formed non-continuous cuts in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates in perspective an alternative form of construction of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 in a frame 1,
  • the strips 9 are juxtaposed, and fluid-tightness is ensured between the two compartments 2 and 3 in the passageways 5 and 6 by gripping the nest of strips 9 together at these places, between two pairs iii-11 and 12-13 of rotating rollers, the shafts 14 of the rollers 10 and 12 being centered, for example, by means of ball-bearing 15 carried by the frame 1 or by the covers 7 and 8 of the said frame.
  • the shafts or spindles of the rollers 11 and 13, which co-act respectively with the rollers 10 and 12, can be displaced in elongated slots 16 under the action of springs 17 and, as a result of the gripping action of the rollers 10-11 and 1213 against the strips 9, thereby ensure fluid-tightness between the compartments 2 and 3 in which, as an example, the hot gases to be cooled (compartment 2) and the compressed air to be re-heated (compartment 3) re-v spectively circulate.
  • the heat yielded in the compartment 2 to a band having a width a located at the distance I: from the upper edge of the strips 9 by the hot gases which circulate along the path of the arrow A must necessarily be conveyed on the same band having a width a at the same distance it from the upper edge of the strips 9 so as to be given olf in the compartment 3 to the air to be reheated which follows the path of the arrow B, without thereby resulting in any appreciable upper dispersion of this heat in the mass of the strips during the time taken by the said strips to complete a half-revolution.
  • the stability in space of the nest of strips 9 is ensured by forming notches in at least one of their edges in the shape of the set of teeth of a toothed rack which is adapted to engage with pinions 13, at least one of which is set into rotation by a motor so as to drive the nest of strips 9.
  • the frame 1 is provided half-way up with a partition 19 in which are formed communication openings 2% and 21 which are preferably displaced with respect to the inlets 22 and 23 of gas and compressed air as well as with respect to the gas and air outlets 24 and 25.
  • cuts 30, FIG. 3 are made in the metal of the said strips 9, preferably in the direction of their displacement, these cuts 34! being naturally interrupted in the vincinity of the extremities of each strip.
  • This second form of construction incorporates improvements in construction which are especially intended to reduce the wear of the teeth formed on the edge of the strips as well as to stabilize in space the paths described by each point of these metallic strips as they move in a closed circuit.
  • the heat exchanger body has not been illustrated, for purposes of greater clarity.
  • the endless metallic strips are again designated by the reference 9, while 10 and 12 designate the rollers which press the said strips together, loaded by a spring 17 and with which, in this form of construction, a single internal counter-roller 11 cooperates.
  • means are again provided to synchronize the rotation of both pairs of pinions, in such manner as to ensure the perfect fixity in space of the path of the strips, the nests of which must remain symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal and central vertical plane of the exchanger,
  • the top pair of pinions 18a and 18b is positively coupled to the corresponding bottom pair of pinions 18a, 18b in the following manner, in the case of the example considered.
  • An intermediate shaft 32 carries at each extremity a toothed pinion 33-33 keyed on the said intermediate shaft.
  • the pinion 18b is rigidly coupled to another coaxial pinion 34 with which the pinion 33 engages.
  • the pinion 18a is rigidly coupled to another 00- axial pinion 34 which engages with the pinion 33'.
  • each roller 10 corresponding to each nest of strips rotates with the shaft 35 which is guided in stirrup-members 36, these latter being slidably mounted in the body of the apparatus, which is in this case shown only by a fixed cross-piece 37.
  • heat transfer means comprising a plurality of heat conveying endless flexible strips movable in closed circuits between said chambers, said strips being of progressively decreasing length and arranged in edgewise and nested position
  • friction roller means resiliently compressing the nests of the strips in the region between said chambers, at least one of the edges of said strips being formed with continuous teeth, to provide a pair of racks defined by the aligned teeth of the compressed strips within said region and at least one rotatable pinion engaging one of said racks, to coordinate the movements of said strips and to maintain the same in substantially uniformly relative spaced position from each other within said chambers.
  • a heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 said strips being provided with spaced linear cuts forming heat traps and extending in the longitudinal direction of the strips.
  • heat transfer means comprising a plurality of groups of heat conveying endless flexible strips movable in closed circuits between said chambers, the strips of each said groups being of progressively decreasing length and arranged edgewise and nested within each other with the groups of nested strips being axially aligned with each other, common friction pressure roller means to resiliently compress the strip portions of the nests of each said groups inthe region between said chambers, at least one of the edges of the strips of each group being formed with continuous teeth, to provide a pair of racks defined by the aligned teeth of the compressed strips Within said region and pinion coupling means engaging and operatively interconnecting the racks of adjacent groups of strips, to coordinate the movements of the strips of each group and to synchronize the movements of the strips of all the groups of said heat exchanger.
  • heat transfer means comprising a plurality of groups of heat conveying endless flexible strips movable in closed circuits between said chambers, the strips of each group being of a progressively decreasing length and arranged edgewise and nested within each other with the groups of nested strips axially aligned with each other, a common internal friction pressure roller and a pair of cooperating external spring-urged rollers to resiliently compress the nests of the strips of each group in the regions between said chambers, at least one of the edges of the strips of each group being formed with continuous teeth, to provide a pair of racks defined by the aligned teeth of the compressed strips within said region, and pinion coupling means engaging and operatively connecting the racks of adjacent groups to coordinate the movements of the strips of each group and to synchronize the movements of the strips of one group with the movements of the strips of the other groups.
  • a heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8 the strips of all said groups being driven in the same direction by said internal roller forming an effective driving means, and said coupling means consisting of a pair of pinions in engagement with one another and each engaging the teeth of one of the half portions of the strips of adjacent groups moving in the same direction.
  • a heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8 the strips of all said groups being driven in the same direction by said internal roller forming an effective driving means, and said coupling means consisting of two pairs of pinions arranged with the teeth of each pair in meshing engagement with one another and with the teeth of different half portions of said strips of adjacent groups moving in the same direction.
  • a heat exchanger as claimed in claim 10 including further pinion coupling means including rotation reversing means and operatively engaging one of the pinions of said first pair and one of the pinions of said second palr.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US105771A 1960-11-22 1961-04-26 Heat exchangers Expired - Lifetime US3155151A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR844659A FR78720E (fr) 1960-11-22 1960-11-22 Perfectionnements aux échangeurs de chaleur

Publications (1)

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US3155151A true US3155151A (en) 1964-11-03

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US105771A Expired - Lifetime US3155151A (en) 1960-11-22 1961-04-26 Heat exchangers

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FR (1) FR78720E (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3364984A (en) * 1966-10-27 1968-01-23 Gen Motors Corp Regenerator with expansible and contractible matrix
US3568758A (en) * 1969-07-09 1971-03-09 Gen Motors Corp Regenerative heat exchangers

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2866624A (en) * 1954-08-20 1958-12-30 Holmquist Ernst Rudolf Magnus Heat exchangers
US2888248A (en) * 1956-07-05 1959-05-26 Gen Motors Corp Rotary regenerator seal
US2938713A (en) * 1955-11-18 1960-05-31 Gen Motors Corp Regenerative heat exchanger

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2866624A (en) * 1954-08-20 1958-12-30 Holmquist Ernst Rudolf Magnus Heat exchangers
US2938713A (en) * 1955-11-18 1960-05-31 Gen Motors Corp Regenerative heat exchanger
US2888248A (en) * 1956-07-05 1959-05-26 Gen Motors Corp Rotary regenerator seal

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3364984A (en) * 1966-10-27 1968-01-23 Gen Motors Corp Regenerator with expansible and contractible matrix
US3568758A (en) * 1969-07-09 1971-03-09 Gen Motors Corp Regenerative heat exchangers

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Publication number Publication date
FR78720E (fr) 1962-08-31

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