US3156638A - Cell for electrolysis of melts having a plurality of movable cathodes - Google Patents

Cell for electrolysis of melts having a plurality of movable cathodes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3156638A
US3156638A US122524A US12252461A US3156638A US 3156638 A US3156638 A US 3156638A US 122524 A US122524 A US 122524A US 12252461 A US12252461 A US 12252461A US 3156638 A US3156638 A US 3156638A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cathodes
cell
cathode
enclosure
receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US122524A
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English (en)
Inventor
Meier Edwin
Schweizer Erich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Ciba AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ciba AG filed Critical Ciba AG
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Publication of US3156638A publication Critical patent/US3156638A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/005—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells of cells for the electrolysis of melts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
    • C25C7/08—Separating of deposited metals from the cathode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cell for the electrolysis of melts.
  • the present invention provides a cell for the electrolysis of melts which is provided with means for withdrawing a cathode from the cell and removing deposited metal from the cathode without exposure to the atmosphere, which means comprises a lifting device for retractinga cathode from the cell, at least one enclosure to receive a retracted cathode, such enclosure having means for cooling the cathode therein and a gas-tight seal to permit of retracting an upper part of the cathode out of the enclosure, a stripping device outside the cell for removing deposited metal from the cathode, a receiver for the metal removed from the cathode, and a chamber for protective gas which communicates with the top of the cell and with the said cathode enclosure and within which l the stripping device and the receiver are situated.
  • At least two pivotally mounted cathode enclosures are provided each of which is movable from an operative position occupied when a cathode is in operation within the cell to an inoperative position permitting a used cathode to be exchanged for a fresh cathode.
  • the cell itself has a pot-shaped anode which consists, for example, of graphite.
  • the anode is contained within a casing 12 which serves for heat insulation and within which is an electric heater coil 14 for heating the melt.
  • a rod-shaped cathode 16 which usually consists of an inert material, for example, nickel or graphite.
  • a cylindrical diaphragm 18 which serves to prevent the halogen, for example, chlorine, liberated at the anode from reaching the deposited metal, when halide melts are used.
  • a cathode enclosure trap 22 is constructed as a cooling jacket for the cathode when it is retracted from the cell, a cooling agent flowing between the walls of the jacket.
  • the upper end of the cathode is connected to a lifting device 26, preferably through a releasable coupling 24.
  • the lifting device is constructed as a hydraulic cylinder, as shown in the drawing, which for reasons of space, has not been drawn in its full length. The cylinder is connected to the cell by means of a support 27.
  • a hydraulic lifting device instead of a hydraulic lifting device, other devices, such as a mechanical device, for example, a spindle or toothed rack, may of course be employed.
  • a stripping device which is shown as a cylindrical edge 28.
  • a receiver 30 which is movable laterally by means of a lever mechanism 34, so that the receiver can be moved to a position under the cathode when the latter is in its raised position.
  • the arrangement is such that at least the cathode, the stripping device and the receiver are enclosed within a protective container 32 iilled with a protective gas, and in which a pressure above that of the atmosphere is maintained, in order to prevent the access of air.
  • a flap 64 consisting, for example, of graphite, which shuts off the cathode chamber from the protective chamber 32.
  • the operation of the apparatus is as follows: When suicient metal 36 has been deposited on the cathode 16, the latter being in the position shown in the drawing, the cathode is withdrawn from the bath by the operation of the lifting device 26 and pulled up into the cathode enclosure 22. During this operation the stripping edge 28 strips the deposited metal 36 from the cathode and the metal is collected, in the receiver 30, which has been previously moved to its position beneath the stripping edge.
  • the driving means for the lever mechanism 34 is coupled with the operation of the lifting device 26, so that the receiver 3) is automatically moved under the stripping device as the cathode is withdrawn.
  • the protective chamber 32 is externally cooled by means of a cooling coil 38.
  • the receiver When the material has been stripped from the cathode, the receiver is returned to its initial position so that the clean cathode can be reintroduced into the melt, and the deposition process is continued.
  • the stripped material remains in the receiver until it has cooled to a temperature at which it can be exposed to the atmosphere without the risk of gas absorption.
  • the receiver 30 is emptied by means of a flap 42 pivotable about a hinge 40.
  • both cathode enclosures 22 and 52 which are pivotably arranged in such manner that one of the enclosures is always positioned above the cell in alignment with the axis of the cathode.
  • both enclosures 22 and 52 are mounted on a base plate 56 which is pivotable about an axis 54.
  • the plate 56 is mounted on a corrugated tube 58 which enables the plate to move and the plate and corrugated tube are connected to a stationary part of the protective chamber 32 in a gas-tight manner.
  • Both enclosures 22 and 52 have at their upper end a stuiiing box 25 and 55, respectively, which keeps the upper end 20 of the cathode central during its movement, and forms a gas-tight seal for the protective gas chamber.
  • each cathode enclosure also acts as a cooling device for a retracted cathode, the non-operative cathode can be exchanged after a short cooling period.
  • two cathodes may be operated alternatively. This expedient is very advantageous in electrolytic systems in which the melt causes corrosion of the cathode, so that it is necessary to remove and clean the cathode after each charge.
  • Apparatus for producing high melting metals by electrolysis of electrolytic charge comprising a cell for holdingrsaid electrolytic charge, a plurality of cathodes movable selectively into and out of said cell, means for moving said cathodes, said means comprising a lifting w device for selectively raising and lowering said cathodes, enclosure means surrounding said cathodes and insulating said cathodes from the atmosphere, said enclosure means being mounted on a support plate pivotally attached to said container whereby said cathodes are selectively positionable for insertion into said cell, said support plate being attached to said cell by a corrugated tube, said enclosure means, corrugated tube and container ⁇ means forming an envelope insulated from the atmosphere, means for stripping said cathodes of high melting metal depositable thereon, receiver means for collecting high melting metal stripped from said cathodes, said receiver means being movable with respect to said cathodes into and out of a position under said cathodes.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
US122524A 1960-07-08 1961-07-07 Cell for electrolysis of melts having a plurality of movable cathodes Expired - Lifetime US3156638A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH783860A CH386699A (de) 1960-07-08 1960-07-08 Zelle für die Schmelzflusselektrolyse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3156638A true US3156638A (en) 1964-11-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US122524A Expired - Lifetime US3156638A (en) 1960-07-08 1961-07-07 Cell for electrolysis of melts having a plurality of movable cathodes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3156638A (fr)
BE (1) BE605896A (fr)
CH (1) CH386699A (fr)
DE (1) DE1164678B (fr)
FR (1) FR1294520A (fr)
GB (1) GB905881A (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110921754B (zh) * 2019-11-25 2022-01-25 山东深信节能环保科技有限公司 一种针对低浓度重金属离子废水的资源化处置方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2879213A (en) * 1956-10-22 1959-03-24 Frank A Howard Electrolytic method and apparatus
US2887443A (en) * 1957-02-15 1959-05-19 Dow Chemical Co Arc-cathode production of titanium
US2943032A (en) * 1951-06-23 1960-06-28 Nat Res Corp Electrolytic production of titanium
US2957816A (en) * 1958-02-20 1960-10-25 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for fusion electrolysis of reactive metals
US3003934A (en) * 1959-01-08 1961-10-10 Timax Associates Process for the electrolytic production of metals

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2943032A (en) * 1951-06-23 1960-06-28 Nat Res Corp Electrolytic production of titanium
US2879213A (en) * 1956-10-22 1959-03-24 Frank A Howard Electrolytic method and apparatus
US2887443A (en) * 1957-02-15 1959-05-19 Dow Chemical Co Arc-cathode production of titanium
US2957816A (en) * 1958-02-20 1960-10-25 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for fusion electrolysis of reactive metals
US3003934A (en) * 1959-01-08 1961-10-10 Timax Associates Process for the electrolytic production of metals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH386699A (de) 1965-01-15
BE605896A (fr) 1962-01-08
DE1164678B (de) 1964-03-05
GB905881A (en) 1962-09-12
FR1294520A (fr) 1962-05-26

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