US3157538A - Grain oriented silicon steel containing selenium and method of making the same - Google Patents

Grain oriented silicon steel containing selenium and method of making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3157538A
US3157538A US75435A US7543560A US3157538A US 3157538 A US3157538 A US 3157538A US 75435 A US75435 A US 75435A US 7543560 A US7543560 A US 7543560A US 3157538 A US3157538 A US 3157538A
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Prior art keywords
silicon steel
selenium
percent
grain oriented
weight
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US75435A
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Inventor
Imai Mitsuo
Nakayama Tatsuo
Goto Isamu
Shimanaka Hiroshi
Tsuruoka Kazuo
Matoba Isao
Ono Yutaka
Kamada Akio
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JFE Steel Corp
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Kawasaki Steel Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
    • H01F1/14775—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in silicon steel having a very high degree of preferred orientation. More particularly, it relates to a method of grain oriented silicon steel containing 0.001 to 0.100 percent selenium.
  • the grain oriented silicon steel has a crystal orientation known as so-called Goss orientation or cubeon-edge orientation, in which the (110) plane of the crystal is parallel to the rolling plane and the [001] direction lies parallel to the rolling direction.
  • Goss orientation or cubeon-edge orientation in which the (110) plane of the crystal is parallel to the rolling plane and the [001] direction lies parallel to the rolling direction.
  • the method is a process of producing grain oriented silicon steel comprising steps of adding 0.001 to 0.100 percent by weight of selenium in the form of ferroselenium or metallic selenium into molten silicon steel containing 2 to 4 percent by weight of silicon for casting an ingot, and treating said ingot by ordinary methods.
  • the product having well developed texture of the Goss orientation, low core loss, high permeability, and uniformity of properties throughout the strip, may be obtained in spite of some variations in conditions of hot rolling, cold rolling, and heat treatment.
  • FIG. 1 is a macrostructure of grain oriented silicon steel fully treated in accordance with this invention
  • FIG. 2 is the pole-figure as determined by X-ray dihraction method of the same steel after final annealing
  • FIG. 3 is a graphical illustration of magnetic torque curve of such a grain oriented silicon steel after final annealing
  • FIG. 4 is a graphical illustration of distribution of magnetic flux density of materials containing different kinds of additional elements produced by conventional process.
  • Molten silicon steel was refined in open-hearth furnace so as to reduce the contents of harmful impurities to a sulficiently low extent, and it was poured into ingot molds.
  • metallic selenium was added to the molten steel so as to obtain a series of ingots containing various contents of from 0.001 to 0.100 percent of selenium.
  • the ingots of about 6,000 kg. by weight were heated in soaking pits sufficiently and then bloomed into slabs of 127 mm. in thickness which were heated again and then hot rolled into strips of 2.0 to 2.4 mm. in thickness. After annealing and pickling, the strips were cold reduced to thickness of 0.30 or 0.35 mm. with an intermediate annealing, which were finally subjected to annealing at an elevated temperature of about 1150 C.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a macrostructure of such a sample in which coarse crystal grains have grown selectively by secondary recrystallization.
  • FIG. 2 is the (100) pole-figure as determined by X-ray diffraction technique about the twenty crystal grains selected at random from the specimen shown in FIG. 1. It illustrates that the crystal grains after secondary recrystallization locate near by the [001] orientation or the Goss orientation.
  • FIG. 3 shows the magnetic torque curves in-which solid line represents that of the specimen processed according to our invention, and broken line that of a single crystal of 3 percent silicon steel of the Goss orientation.
  • FIG. 4 shows distribution ofmagnetic flux density of materials containing different additional elements. There were three kinds of additional elements; the first is without any addition, the second is sulphur proposed by I. E. May, and the third is selenium according to the present invention, each of which is refined so as to reduce all impurities to the lowest possible value before the addition.
  • FIG. 4 shows distribution ofmagnetic flux density of materials containing different additional elements. There were three kinds of additional elements; the first is without any addition, the second is sulphur proposed by I. E. May, and the third is selenium according to the present invention, each of which is refined so as to reduce all impurities to the lowest possible value before the addition.
  • the magnetic flux density at 10 oersteds in magnertizing force as to most of the test coils without any addition lies between 17,000 and 18,000 gausses.
  • sulphur is added, almost all fall between 17,000 and 18,500 gausses while an appreciable part (about 40%) falls between 18,000 and 18,500 gausses.
  • test pieces containing selenium in accordance with this invention have magnetic flux density between 18,000 and 18,500 gausses more frequently (about 70%) and above 18,500 gausses to a slight extent.
  • the balance (about 25%) is between 17,000 and 18,000 gausses and none below 17,000 gausses at all.
  • This result also suggests the selective growth of the grains in the Goss orientation and accordingly the improvement in the magnetic properties of the grain oriented silicon steel in accordance with this invention.
  • the magnetic flux density at 10 oersteds in magnetizing force is not only a measure of the preferred orientation but also a criterion whether it is possible to lower the exciting current and to reduce the weight of the cores and windings for trans-' former design.
  • permeability above 1750 is classified as the highest grade of commercial product and permeabality above 1800 is called as exceptional.
  • the selenium added to the steel ingot might remain in the final product, because it might possibly increase the core loss in the final product.
  • the amount of selenium added into the steel ingot does not increase during heating for blooming and hot rolling, and during intermediate heat treatment between cold rolling operations. Therefore, it is considered that the selenium in steel should be removed sutficiently during the final annealing at an elevated temperature.
  • the process of producing grain oriented silicon steel comprising the steps of adding 0.001 to 0.100 percent by weight of selenium into molten silicon steel so as to form a silicon steel composition consisting essentlally of 2 to 4 percent by weight of silicon, 0.001 to 0.100
  • the process of producing grain oriented silicon steel comprising the steps of treating said silicon steel to re-- quiz impurities normally found therein, adding 0.001 to 0.100 percent by weight of selenium in the form of ferro selenium into said molten silicon steel so as to form a silicon steel composition consisting essentially of 2 to 4 percent by weight of silicon, 0.001 to 0.100 percent by weight seleniurmthe balance being iron, for casting an ingot, and hot working said ingot to a hot rolled strip, and subjecting said strip to at least one cold rolling treatment and final high temperature anneal.
  • the process of producing grain oriented silicon steel comprising the steps of treating said silicon steel to reduce impurities normally found therein, adding 0.001 to 0.100 percent by weight of selenium to said thus treated silicon steel in a molten state so as to form a silicon steel composition consisting essentially of 2 to 4 5 percent by weight of silicon, 0.001 to 0.100 percent by weight of selenium, the balance being iron, for casting an ingot, and hot working said ingot to a hot rolled strip and subjecting said strip to at least one cold rolling treatment and final high temperature anneal.
  • Grain oriented silicon steel which consists essentially of 2 to 4 percent by weight of silicon, 0.001 to 0.100 percent by weight of selenium, the balance being 1ron.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
US75435A 1960-05-17 1960-12-12 Grain oriented silicon steel containing selenium and method of making the same Expired - Lifetime US3157538A (en)

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BE (1) BE599886A (fr)
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1919376B1 (de) * 1968-04-16 1971-04-01 Kawasaki Steel Co Elektrostahlblech mit 110 eckige klammer auf 001 eckige klammer zu trxtur aus weichstahl und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US3853641A (en) * 1968-04-02 1974-12-10 Nippon Steel Corp Method for producing single-oriented silicon steel sheets having high magnetic induction
US3940299A (en) * 1973-10-31 1976-02-24 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Method for producing single-oriented electrical steel sheets having a high magnetic induction

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US953412A (en) * 1909-11-29 1910-03-29 Gen Electric Alloy.
GB654294A (en) * 1946-03-27 1951-06-13 William Jessoh & Sons Ltd Improvements in or relating to nickel-chromium steels
US2867558A (en) * 1956-12-31 1959-01-06 Gen Electric Method for producing grain-oriented silicon steel

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE563545A (fr) * 1956-12-31

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US953412A (en) * 1909-11-29 1910-03-29 Gen Electric Alloy.
GB654294A (en) * 1946-03-27 1951-06-13 William Jessoh & Sons Ltd Improvements in or relating to nickel-chromium steels
US2867558A (en) * 1956-12-31 1959-01-06 Gen Electric Method for producing grain-oriented silicon steel

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853641A (en) * 1968-04-02 1974-12-10 Nippon Steel Corp Method for producing single-oriented silicon steel sheets having high magnetic induction
DE1919376B1 (de) * 1968-04-16 1971-04-01 Kawasaki Steel Co Elektrostahlblech mit 110 eckige klammer auf 001 eckige klammer zu trxtur aus weichstahl und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US3940299A (en) * 1973-10-31 1976-02-24 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Method for producing single-oriented electrical steel sheets having a high magnetic induction

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DE1214006B (de) 1966-04-07
BE599886A (fr) 1961-05-29
GB964709A (en) 1964-07-22

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