US3172640A - Dry band francis turbines - Google Patents

Dry band francis turbines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3172640A
US3172640A US271169A US27116963A US3172640A US 3172640 A US3172640 A US 3172640A US 271169 A US271169 A US 271169A US 27116963 A US27116963 A US 27116963A US 3172640 A US3172640 A US 3172640A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
shroud
static structure
ring
annular space
band
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US271169A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert S Sproule
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dominion Engineering Works Ltd
Original Assignee
Dominion Engineering Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dominion Engineering Works Ltd filed Critical Dominion Engineering Works Ltd
Priority to US271169A priority Critical patent/US3172640A/en
Priority to GB12584/64A priority patent/GB1013638A/en
Priority to CH419064A priority patent/CH427697A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3172640A publication Critical patent/US3172640A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/02—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side of rotors, e.g. Francis turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/002—Injecting air or other fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/006—Sealing arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • An object of the invention is to provide new and improved means for improving the efliciency of hydraulic turbines of the Francis type or similar hydraulic machines through the reduction of fluid frictional losses.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide new and improved means of the type set forth, which act to reduce frictional losses caused by churning in the annular space between the runner band and the surrounding stationary ring in hydraulic turbines of the Francis type or similar hydraulic machines.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide new and improved means of the type set forth, which effect separation of air and water by providing a relatively free path for the escape of water while impeding escape of air.
  • Another object is to provide new and improved means of the type set forth, to minimize the power required to pump air into the annular space between the runner band and the surrounding stationary ring.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary radial vertical section of a Francis turbine incorporating a preferred execution of the invention
  • FIG. 1A is an enlarged view of the portion of FIG. 1 shown encircled;
  • FIG. 2 is a detailed view of that portion of FIG. 1A shown encircled;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional View taken on line 3-3 of FIG. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows, and
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 44 of FIG. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows.
  • FIGS. 1 and 1A show the boundaries of annular space 16 between runner band 36 and static structure 19.
  • water enters the turbine from inlet casing 11 and passes stay vanes 12 and wicket gates 13 before flowing through runner 15 and discharging from the turbine by way of draft tube 17.
  • the band 36 of runner 15 is provided with a sealing face 24, which cooperates with sealing face 25 of lower distributor ring 14. Seal leakage water 23 enters annular space 16 through clearance 22 between sealing faces 24 and 25.
  • Baulk ring 21 and air supply pipe 20 are also illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 1A; said baulk ring being located near to, and outside of, the lower extremity of runner band 36.
  • Said baulk ring acts to impede the escape of air and to facilitate the escape of water from annular space 16.
  • Said baulk ring an important feature of the present invention, is more clearly illustrated in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4.
  • FIG. 2 such is an enlarged view of the ice encircled portion of FIG. 1A, and illustrates details of baulk ring 21 and its environment. From such figure, it may be seen that when the turbine is in operation, rotating band 36 of runner 15 drives accumulated leakage water 23 in the form of a rotating annulus 34, the tangential velocity component of which is a minimum at vertical face 39 of static structure 19.
  • rotating band 36 of runner 15 drives accumulated leakage water 23 in the form of a rotating annulus 34, the tangential velocity component of which is a minimum at vertical face 39 of static structure 19.
  • any practicable structure may be employed for attachment of the baulk ring 21 to the static structure 19 which allows flow of water past the outside diameter and the lower face of the baulk ring.
  • baulk ring 21 is most efficient when the vertical dimension of openings 27 is approximately one-half of the vertical distance from horizontal face 30 of runner band 36 to horizontal face 29 of static structure 19.
  • the present invention is not limited to this proportion, however, and such is given only as a preference and not as a requirement.
  • Vertical face .32 of runner band 36 cooperates with vertical face 33 of baulk ring 21 to impede escape of air through radial clearance 35 from annular space 16.
  • baulk ring 21 functions to provide a means of assuring deaeration of the leakage water before it is discharged to the draft tube, and serves as a bafiie to discourage recirculation in an axial direction in the annular space 16 and, hence, reduces turbulence.
  • Baulk ring 21 therefore, substantially reduces the amount of air that must be supplied to annular space 16 in order to keep the periphery of band 36 free from contact with water, improves the drainage of leakage water to draft tube 17 and improves the efliciency of the turbine by reducing frictional losses at the band.
  • a static structure having a smoothly continuous surface portion, a draft tube, a runner having a band shroud with upper and lower edges adjacent to said static structure but spaced therefrom to provide running clearances at said upper and lower edges, said smoothly continuous surface portion and said band defining an annular space between said shroud and said static structure communicating with said clearances between the shroud and the static structure at both the upper and lower edges of said shroud, air supply means through said static structure for supplying air to said annular space, a distributor ring supplying water under pressure to the runner, said distributor ring spaced from said upper edge of said shroud and provided with a sealing face, a sealing face around the upper portion of said band shroud for cooperating with said sealing face on the distributor ring so as to restrict the flow of leakage water into said annular space through the clearance between the static structure and the upper edge of the shroud, a baulk ring fixed to said static structure in said annular space adjacent to the lower edge of said shroud but spaced

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
US271169A 1963-04-08 1963-04-08 Dry band francis turbines Expired - Lifetime US3172640A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US271169A US3172640A (en) 1963-04-08 1963-04-08 Dry band francis turbines
GB12584/64A GB1013638A (en) 1963-04-08 1964-03-25 Improvements in or relating to hydraulic turbines
CH419064A CH427697A (de) 1963-04-08 1964-04-02 Wasserturbine, insbesondere Francisturbine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US271169A US3172640A (en) 1963-04-08 1963-04-08 Dry band francis turbines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3172640A true US3172640A (en) 1965-03-09

Family

ID=23034475

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US271169A Expired - Lifetime US3172640A (en) 1963-04-08 1963-04-08 Dry band francis turbines

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3172640A (de)
CH (1) CH427697A (de)
GB (1) GB1013638A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3245656A (en) * 1964-04-06 1966-04-12 Dominion Eng Works Ltd Automatic supply of sealing fluid for rotary fluid machines
US4236867A (en) * 1979-07-27 1980-12-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Friction reducing arrangement for hydraulic machines
EP0061269A3 (en) * 1981-03-23 1984-03-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Multi-stage hydraulic rotating machine
US5823740A (en) * 1997-02-25 1998-10-20 Voith Hydro, Inc. Dissolved gas augmentation with mixing chambers
US20050008475A1 (en) * 2003-07-09 2005-01-13 General Electric Canada Inc. Hydraulic turbine with enhanced dissolved oxygen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1146079A (en) * 1913-04-15 1915-07-13 Ferdinand W Krogh Horizontal turbine-pump.
US1488931A (en) * 1921-10-26 1924-04-01 Marechal Paul Joseph Charles Turbo engine
US1516822A (en) * 1924-11-25 mccormack
DE486923C (de) * 1929-11-27 J M Voith Maschinenfabrik Spaltstromfuehrung bei hydraulischen Kreiselmaschinen
DE714290C (de) * 1940-03-18 1941-11-26 Escher Wyss Maschinenfabrik G Mit Fluessigkeit arbeitende ein- oder mehrstufige Kreiselmaschine
US3051441A (en) * 1960-08-23 1962-08-28 Dominion Eng Works Ltd Dry band francis turbine
US3081975A (en) * 1959-03-26 1963-03-19 Dominion Eng Works Ltd Seals for turbines and pumps

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1516822A (en) * 1924-11-25 mccormack
DE486923C (de) * 1929-11-27 J M Voith Maschinenfabrik Spaltstromfuehrung bei hydraulischen Kreiselmaschinen
US1146079A (en) * 1913-04-15 1915-07-13 Ferdinand W Krogh Horizontal turbine-pump.
US1488931A (en) * 1921-10-26 1924-04-01 Marechal Paul Joseph Charles Turbo engine
DE714290C (de) * 1940-03-18 1941-11-26 Escher Wyss Maschinenfabrik G Mit Fluessigkeit arbeitende ein- oder mehrstufige Kreiselmaschine
US3081975A (en) * 1959-03-26 1963-03-19 Dominion Eng Works Ltd Seals for turbines and pumps
US3051441A (en) * 1960-08-23 1962-08-28 Dominion Eng Works Ltd Dry band francis turbine

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3245656A (en) * 1964-04-06 1966-04-12 Dominion Eng Works Ltd Automatic supply of sealing fluid for rotary fluid machines
US4236867A (en) * 1979-07-27 1980-12-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Friction reducing arrangement for hydraulic machines
EP0061269A3 (en) * 1981-03-23 1984-03-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Multi-stage hydraulic rotating machine
US4692090A (en) * 1981-03-23 1987-09-08 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Multistage hydraulic machine
US5823740A (en) * 1997-02-25 1998-10-20 Voith Hydro, Inc. Dissolved gas augmentation with mixing chambers
US5924844A (en) * 1997-02-25 1999-07-20 Voith Hydro, Inc. Dissolved gas augmentation with mixing chambers
US20050008475A1 (en) * 2003-07-09 2005-01-13 General Electric Canada Inc. Hydraulic turbine with enhanced dissolved oxygen
US6854958B2 (en) * 2003-07-09 2005-02-15 General Electric Canada Inc. Hydraulic turbine with enhanced dissolved oxygen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH427697A (de) 1966-12-31
GB1013638A (en) 1965-12-15

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