US3180273A - Sterilizable homogenizing pump - Google Patents

Sterilizable homogenizing pump Download PDF

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Publication number
US3180273A
US3180273A US233371A US23337162A US3180273A US 3180273 A US3180273 A US 3180273A US 233371 A US233371 A US 233371A US 23337162 A US23337162 A US 23337162A US 3180273 A US3180273 A US 3180273A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pump
space
plunger
casing
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US233371A
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English (en)
Inventor
Loliger Willi
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Alpura AG
Original Assignee
Alpura AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alpura AG filed Critical Alpura AG
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Publication of US3180273A publication Critical patent/US3180273A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
    • F04B53/164—Stoffing boxes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J11/00—Apparatus for treating milk
    • A01J11/16—Homogenising milk
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/44—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits
    • B01F25/441—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the configuration of the surfaces forming the slits
    • B01F25/4412—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the configuration of the surfaces forming the slits the slits being formed between opposed planar surfaces, e.g. pushed again each other by springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/44—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits
    • B01F25/442—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the relative position of the surfaces during operation
    • B01F25/4423—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the relative position of the surfaces during operation the surfaces being part of a valve construction, formed by opposed members in contact, e.g. automatic positioning caused by spring pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/10—Maintenance of mixers
    • B01F35/145—Washing or cleaning mixers not provided for in other groups in this subclass; Inhibiting build-up of material on machine parts using other means
    • B01F35/146—Working under sterile conditions; Sterilizing the mixer or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/712—Feed mechanisms for feeding fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7176—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using pumps
    • B01F35/717613—Piston pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/002—Sealings comprising at least two sealings in succession
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/18—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings
    • F16J15/184—Tightening mechanisms
    • F16J15/185—Tightening mechanisms with continuous adjustment of the compression of the packing
    • F16J15/186—Tightening mechanisms with continuous adjustment of the compression of the packing using springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/30—Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes
    • B01F2035/35—Use of other general mechanical engineering elements in mixing devices
    • B01F2035/351—Sealings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
    • B01F2215/0431—Numerical size values, e.g. diameter of a hole or conduit, area, volume, length, width, or ratios thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0436—Operational information
    • B01F2215/0472—Numerical temperature values

Definitions

  • the present invention V relates to a homogenizing pump, particularly for milk and liquids constaining milk, which may be operated under sterile conditions.
  • Homogenizing pumps are usually in the form of a piston pump which raises the pressure of the liquid to be treated to between 200 and 500 kg/Cm.2 whereupon the liquid is expanded in a slotlike throttle perennial.
  • the homogenizing effect consists in a substantial comminution of the fat particles.
  • the plunger or piston rod of the pump extends through a stutling-boxlike packing device.
  • the liquid may also be sterilized by indirectly heating it in a heat exchanger to the temperature necessary for destroying germs. Liquids treated in this manner may be illed into lsterile containers and remain sterile if reinfection between heating of the liquid and closing ofthe containers is avoided.
  • sterilization Vby heating may be effected after the homogenization whereby the homogenizing pump need not operate under sterile conditions. It has been found, however, that homogenization must be done after sterilization by heating because, particularly in the case of milk, unfavorable changes take place if the milk is homogenized prior to heating.
  • Conventional pumps can be provided with the aforesaid means Without diculty.
  • the pump according to the invention is provided with a space surrounding the piston rod or pump plunger outside of stufling-boxlike packing means which separate the pump chamber from the outside of the pump.
  • the space extends from the packing .means in a direction opposite to the direction ofthe working stroke of the piston.
  • Means are associated with the aforesaid space for conducting a sterilization agent into the Space.
  • the space is closed adjacent to the packing means and is open at the vopposite end.
  • the space is closed at both ends and means are associated therewith for removing the sterilizing agent from the space.
  • the sterilizing agent for example, steam, ilows through the space alongside the piston and heats the latter to the sterilizing temperature. In the latter case a superatmospheric pressure of the sterilizing uid may be maintained in the closed space.
  • the space for receiving the sterilizing agent extends from the'packing meansV through a distance at least equal to the length of the piston stroke.
  • the pump casing or parts attached thereto ex# tend between the two packing means and form an annular space around the kpump'plunger or piston rod between the packing means.
  • Thisspace may be supplied either with a sterilizing Huid or with a sterile coolant. Sterilizing Huid is supplied during initial sterilization of the pump prior to normal operation and sterile coolant is supplied during normal operation for cooling the plunger or piston rod and the packing means. Cooling maybe desirable considering the heating effect of the sterilizing fluid lowing through the outermost space.
  • FIG. l is a longitudinal sectional view of a homogenizing pump according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the pump shown in FIG. 1 along line lI--II of FIG. l.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modiiied homogenizing pump according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modihed tportion of a homogenizing pump according to the inven# ron.
  • numeral 1 designates a casing having a bore 2 through which the liquid to be pumped enters the pump.
  • a suction channel 3 wherein a'suction valve 4 is located receives the liquid from the bore 2 and supplies it to a pump chamber 5.
  • a plunger 6 is reciprocated as indicated by arrows 7 by meansv of a crank drive, not shown.
  • the liquid drawn in through the channel 3 leaves the pump chamber 5 at hlgh pressure through a channel 8 containing a pressure valve 9 and through an outlet 1d.
  • a conventional homogemzing valve, not shown, is connected for liquid ilow to the outlet 10.
  • the pump plunger 6 is guided in aA packing box including annular elements 11 and 12Y and packings 13 placed therebetween.
  • the parts 11, 12 and 13 are compressed by means of a coil spring 14 placed around the working end of the plunger 6.
  • One end of the spring 14 rests on a cover 15 which closes the pump chamber 5.
  • the second end of the spring presses against the annular element 12..
  • the outer portion of the plunger 6 is surrounded by an annularspace 16 which is formed by a protuberanc'e 17 of the cylinder body 1 and a tube 18 welded to the protuberance 17.
  • a sterilizing agent for example steam having a temperature of about C., is introduced through a bore 19rinto the space 16. .
  • the axial length of the tube 18 is such that the distance a between the outer end of the tube 18 and the packings 13 is at least equal to the stroke of the pump plunger 6.
  • FIGS. 1 are designated by like numerals in FIGS. 1
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a particularly suitable arrangement of the bore for introducing the hot sterilizing agent into the space 16.
  • the longitudinal axis of the bore 21 is approximately tangential of the circumference of the pump plunger. 6.
  • the sterilizing fluid moves approximately on a helical line toward the open end of the tube 18 and the entire circumference of the'plunger is equally heated.
  • annular space which characterizes the present invention is not directly connected to the protuberance 17 of the pump casing 1.
  • An additional housing portion 25 is connected to the protuberance 1'7 and contains an additional stulling box including annular elements 27 and 28 and packings 29 therebetween. The elements 27 to 29 are compressed by a coil spring 26.
  • a sleeve or tube 30 is connected to the housing 25.
  • a hot sterilizing agent for example steam of a suitable temperature, is continuously introduced through a bore 33 into the space formed around the plunger 6 by the tube 30.
  • a hot sterilizing agent is introduced through the bore 32 as Well as through the bore 33.
  • the sterilizing agent flowing through the space formed by the tube 30 to the outside prevents entry of germs from the surrounding atmosphere.
  • a coolant for example, sterile water, may be introduced through the bore 32.
  • the coolant flows around the pump plunger and is removed through the bore 34. This cooling arrangement considerably increases the life of the packings 11 to 13 and 27 to 29.
  • a desirable pressure in said space may be obtained by the valve 36.
  • a housing portion 41 corresponding to the protuberance 17 in FIG. l forms a space 43 around a pump plunger 42.
  • the latter corresponds to the plunger 6 in FIG. 1 and extends into a pump chamber, not shown, separated from the space 43 by a gland 44.
  • the space 43 does not communicate with the atmosphere but is separated therefrom by a stuffing box formed by annular elements 45 and 46 and a packing 47 placed therebetween.
  • the sterilizing fluid is supplied through a conduit 48 and a bore 49 to the space 43 and leaves the latter through a bore Si) and a conduit 51 containing a pressure-maintaining valve 52.
  • the pump plunger 42 which is heated by the sterilizing agent, is cooled by the liquid pumped by the pump and by conduction and radiation to the surrounding air.
  • the surface of the pump plunger moving through the gland 44 into the pump chamber can be maintained at such temperature that even heat-resistant germs are destroyed at each passage of the plunger surface through the space 43.
  • the axial length of the space 43 may be made shorter than the pump stroke.
  • the invention is not limited to the described and illustrated examples.
  • the invention is applicable to pumps having a piston and a piston rod in lieu of the illustrated pump plungers.
  • thermally acting sterilizing agents such as steam or hot Water may be used, but also chemical sterilizing agents, for example a solution of hydrogen peroxide may be introduced into the space surrounding the piston rod or pump plunger according to the invention.
  • chemical sterilizing agents for example a solution of hydrogen peroxide may be introduced into the space surrounding the piston rod or pump plunger according to the invention.
  • the invention may be applied to pumps having a plurality of parallel acting plungers or pistons and having stuffing boxes or glands different from those shown in the drawing.
  • a homogenizing pump particularly for milk or liquids containing milk, comprising:
  • said means surrounding said piston means outside of said stufiing box means including an inlet substantially at one end of said space and an outlet substantially at the second end of said space,
  • said inlet including means for introducing the sterilizing fluid into said space in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of said piston means and tangentially of said piston means for causing said sterilizing fluid to flow helically around said piston means through said space from said inlet to said outlet.
  • a homogenizing pump particularly for milk or liquids containing milk, comprising:
  • said casing having a portion sur-rounding said stuiling box means, Y a tubular element having a iirst end connected to said portion of said casing1 said tubular element surrounding said plunger outside of said casing, said casing portion and said tubular element forming an annular space around said plunger, the longitudinal extension of said annula-r space being substantially equal to the stroke of said plunger, and inlet means placed adjacent the iirst end of said tubular element and communicating with said annular space for continuously conducting a sterilizing fluid into said annular space, said tubular element having an open second end for releasing the sterilizingizid tothe outside.
  • a homogenizing pump particularly for milk or liquids containing milk, comprising:
  • said lirst means surrounding said piston means including an inlet and an outlet spaced longitudinally of said piston means for continuously admitting a sterilizing fluid into said space and releasing said sterilizing iiuid from said space, v
  • inlet means and outlet means connectedV to said second means surrounding said piston means for continuously admitting a sterilized cooling uid to and releasing the sterilized cooling uid from said closed space formed by said second means.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Dairy Products (AREA)
US233371A 1961-11-27 1962-10-26 Sterilizable homogenizing pump Expired - Lifetime US3180273A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1376761A CH390226A (de) 1961-11-27 1961-11-27 Unter sterilen Bedingungen betreibbare Homogenisierpumpe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3180273A true US3180273A (en) 1965-04-27

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ID=4395119

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US233371A Expired - Lifetime US3180273A (en) 1961-11-27 1962-10-26 Sterilizable homogenizing pump

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3180273A (da)
CH (1) CH390226A (da)
DK (1) DK117754B (da)
GB (1) GB984668A (da)
NL (1) NL137650C (da)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3344746A (en) * 1963-08-21 1967-10-03 Distillers Co Yeast Ltd Piston operated pumps for liquid carbon dioxide
US3514167A (en) * 1968-07-03 1970-05-26 Caterpillar Tractor Co Venturi-type oil seal system for engine crankshafts or the like
US3678955A (en) * 1970-05-26 1972-07-25 Purdue Research Foundation Aseptic storage and valving system
US3714956A (en) * 1972-05-18 1973-02-06 Purdue Research Foundation Aseptic storage and valving system
US4784588A (en) * 1984-03-14 1988-11-15 Kioritz Corporation Plunger pump
US6367961B1 (en) * 1998-12-24 2002-04-09 Abbott Laboratories Apparatus for making an emulsion
WO2011002376A1 (en) * 2009-07-02 2011-01-06 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. A method and an apparatus for continuously steralizing water for spraying the pistons in a piston pump or a homogenizer
CN104903580A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2015-09-09 利乐拉瓦尔集团及财务有限公司 活塞和该活塞的用途

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH499724A (de) * 1967-11-15 1970-11-30 Elitex Zavody Textilniho Dosierpumpe, insbesondere für einen Düsenwebstuhl

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1800833A (en) * 1925-08-20 1931-04-14 Universal Oil Prod Co Method and means for cooling packing of hot-oil pumps
US2146709A (en) * 1935-07-10 1939-02-14 Union Steam Pump Company Pump for viscolizer valves
US2655870A (en) * 1947-10-22 1953-10-20 Union Steam Pump Company Reciprocating pump for food materials

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1800833A (en) * 1925-08-20 1931-04-14 Universal Oil Prod Co Method and means for cooling packing of hot-oil pumps
US2146709A (en) * 1935-07-10 1939-02-14 Union Steam Pump Company Pump for viscolizer valves
US2655870A (en) * 1947-10-22 1953-10-20 Union Steam Pump Company Reciprocating pump for food materials

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3344746A (en) * 1963-08-21 1967-10-03 Distillers Co Yeast Ltd Piston operated pumps for liquid carbon dioxide
US3514167A (en) * 1968-07-03 1970-05-26 Caterpillar Tractor Co Venturi-type oil seal system for engine crankshafts or the like
US3678955A (en) * 1970-05-26 1972-07-25 Purdue Research Foundation Aseptic storage and valving system
US3714956A (en) * 1972-05-18 1973-02-06 Purdue Research Foundation Aseptic storage and valving system
US4784588A (en) * 1984-03-14 1988-11-15 Kioritz Corporation Plunger pump
US6367961B1 (en) * 1998-12-24 2002-04-09 Abbott Laboratories Apparatus for making an emulsion
WO2011002376A1 (en) * 2009-07-02 2011-01-06 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. A method and an apparatus for continuously steralizing water for spraying the pistons in a piston pump or a homogenizer
AU2010266775B2 (en) * 2009-07-02 2014-09-04 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. A method and an apparatus for continuously steralizing water for spraying the pistons in a piston pump or a homogenizer
EA022088B1 (ru) * 2009-07-02 2015-10-30 Тетра Лаваль Холдингз Энд Файнэнс С.А. Способ и устройство для непрерывной стерилизации воды для орошения поршней в поршневом насосе или гомогенизаторе
CN104903580A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2015-09-09 利乐拉瓦尔集团及财务有限公司 活塞和该活塞的用途

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL273085A (da) 1964-09-10
CH390226A (de) 1965-04-15
GB984668A (en) 1965-03-03
DK117754B (da) 1970-05-25
NL137650C (da) 1973-06-15

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