US3201050A - Nozzle - Google Patents

Nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
US3201050A
US3201050A US220338A US22033862A US3201050A US 3201050 A US3201050 A US 3201050A US 220338 A US220338 A US 220338A US 22033862 A US22033862 A US 22033862A US 3201050 A US3201050 A US 3201050A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
nozzle
pintle valve
seats
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US220338A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harold C Simmons
Lawrence B O'sickey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Parker Hannifin Corp
Original Assignee
Parker Hannifin Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Parker Hannifin Corp filed Critical Parker Hannifin Corp
Priority to US220338A priority Critical patent/US3201050A/en
Priority to GB21482/63A priority patent/GB971037A/en
Priority to DE19631426354 priority patent/DE1426354A1/de
Priority to CH721463A priority patent/CH418732A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3201050A publication Critical patent/US3201050A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/24—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally as indicated to a nozzle and, more particularly, to a fuel injection nozzle for gas turbines and the like having combustion chambers into which liquid fuel is introduced in finely subdivided spray form.
  • the spray cone angle is determined by the conical head of the pintle valve, the conical sheet of fuel breaking up into a spray beyond the base of the conical head.
  • the edges of the discharge orifice and of the base of the pintle valve head must be free of burrs and other imperfections, otherwise, the quality of the spray is not as good as desired.
  • the axes of the discharge orifice and of the conical head of the pintle valve must be truly coincident, or very nearly so, in order to obtain the proper quality ofspray necessary for efficient combustion of the fuel in the engine.
  • the presence of burrs, imperfections, eccentricities, etc., are all the more critical in known nozzles at low fuel flows when the pintle valve has only moved a very small distance away from its position of engagement with the edge of the discharge orifice.
  • the invention comprises the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description and the annexed draw- 3,201,050 fiat-exited Aug. 17, 1965 ings setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative, however, of a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
  • FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal cross-section view through one form of nozzle embodying the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section view taken substantially along the line 2-2, FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a much enlarged fragmentary crosssection view showing how the stream of fuel emerges radially from between the seats of the pintle valve and the nozzle body and impinges against the internal tappered walls of the surrounding deflector to produce the desired spray cone.
  • the nozzle 1 there shown comprises a nozzle body 2 having an orifice bushing 3 mounted therein at its forward end, said bushing 3 being fashioned as a guide 4 for the pintle valve 5.
  • the pintle valve 5 has a knurled or serrated cylindrical head 6 on which is secured as by brazing a tungsten carbide or equivalent bushing 7. Adjacent said pintle valve head 6 there is provided a neck portion 8 that defines with the orifice bushing 3 an annular passage 9. j The juxtaposed ends of bushings 3 and 7 are formed with plane annular seats 10 and 11, which may be of equal outside and inside diameters.
  • the rear end of the pintle valve 5 has axially adjustably mounted thereon a spring follower 12 for the spring 14 which is adjustably compressed between said follower 12 and the nozzle body 2 as by providing C-shaped shims 15 of different thicknesses on the groove 16 of the stem 17 of the pintle valve 5, a cup-shaped retainer 18 being employed with cotter pin 19 for holding the selected shim 15 in place for predeterminedly compressing spn'ng14.
  • the spring 14 is fabricated from a'length of round tubular stock which has one or more helical slots 20 through the wall thereof terminating short of the ends and arranged to eliminate tendency of canting of the ends with respect to each other and with respect to the pintle valve axis.
  • the orifice and pintle valve bushings 3 and 7 are coaxial and preferably of the same inside and outside diameters, that the orifice bushing 3 projects axially beyond the surrounding deflector 21 of the nozzle 1, and that the pintle valve bushing projects rearwardly of the head 6
  • a deflector 21 there is provided around the orifice and pintle valve bushings 3 and 7 a deflector 21 which,
  • the interior conical surface 23-24 of the deflector 21 comprises adjacent coaxial cones 23-24 of different apex angles, with the larger apex angle of cone 23 being about 5 to 15 (preferably 10) greater than the desired spray cone angle, and with the smaller apex angle of 24 being about 5 to 15 (preferably 10) less than the is not critical but it is preferred that the line 25 be in the same plane as the pintle valve seat 11 when the pintle valve is the fully open position of FIG. 3 as determined by the maximum fuel pressure available.
  • the deflector 21 is herein shown as being welded at several points to the nozzle body 2.
  • the damping and stop sleeve 26 which, together with the sliding fit of follower 12 in bore 27, is effective to dampen vibrations or flutter of the pintle valve 5. Accordingly, turbulent flow of fuel between the seats 10 and 11 and fuel pressure pulsation and fluctuation will not cause fluttering or vibration of the pintle valve 5, the'hydraulic dashpot 28 defined by the damping sleeve 26 and follower 12 being effective to prevent such movements of the pintle valve. Moreover, the seats 10 and 11 are thereby prevented from pounding against each other. Leakage of fuel between spring 14 and stop sleeve 26 bleeds stagnant fuel from dashpot 28 and, in addition, engagement of sleeve 26 with shoulder 29 prevents overstressing of the spring 14.
  • a nozzle according to the present invention having. a rating of 1000 lbs/hr. fuel flow at 800 p.s.i. fuel pressure and an opening pressure of 100 p.s.i. as set by the pintle valve spring 14 provides good spray quality even at low fuel flows of 30 lbs/hr.
  • variable area nozzles of the same rating but employing conical head pintle valves have much deteriorated spray quality at fuel flows from 50 lbs./ hr. and less.
  • a minor portion of the fuel is sprayed as denoted by the line 38, the spray cone angle being measured by line 38 and the deflector cones 23-24 being related as aforesaid to this measured spray cone.
  • a fuel injection nozzle comprising a body having an inlet for fuel under pressure and a discharge orifice, said orifice terminating in a plane annular seat with relatively sharp inner and outer edges; a spring biased fuel pressure actuated pintle valve movable in said body and having a plane annular seat also with relatively sharp inner and outer edges, said pintle valve being movable under the influence of progressively increasing fuel pressure in said inlet from a position whereat said seats are in mating engagement to a position whereat said seats are axially spaced apart a progressively increasing distance for discharge of fuel from between said seats; and a deflector on said body disposed around said seats and against which the fuel emerging from between said seats impinges and thus is broken up into spray form; said deflector having a first frusto-conical internal surface radially outward of said seats when thus spaced apart whose apex angle is greater than that of the desired spray cone of the fuel, and a second adjacent frusto-conical internal surface axially beyond said
  • a fuel injection nozzle comprising a body having an inlet for fuel under pressure and a discharge orifice, said orifice terminating in a plane annular seat; a springbiased fuel pressure actuated pintle valve movable in said body and having a plane annular seat, said pintle valve 7 being movable under the influence of progressively increasing fuel pressure in said inlet from a position whereat said seats are in engagement to a position whereat said seats are spaced apart a progressively increasing distance for discharge of fuel from between said seats; spring means between said body and pintle valve biasing the latter as aforesaid; a spring follower on said pintle valve defining with said body a fluid damping chamber to reduce vibration and flutter of said pintle valve; and a deflector on said body disposed around said seats and against which the fuel emerging from between said seat impinges and thus is broken up into spray form.
  • a nozzle according to claim 4 wherein said spring means has a sleeve in telescoped relation therewith; and wherein said spring follower has a plunger portion movable in a bore ofsaid body; said sleeve and plunger portion permitting leakage of fluid into and from such damping chamber.
  • a fuel injection nozzle comprising a body-havingan I inlet for fuel under pressure and a discharge-orifice, a
  • pintle valve movable in said body, spring means between said body and valve; and a spring followerand a spring guide defining with said body a fluid damping chamber to reduce vibration and flutter of said valve. 7 a
  • a nozzle according to claim 7 wherein said spring 1 5 6 guide comprises a sleeve between said body and follower 3,042,317 7/62 Simmons 239453 which constitutes a stop to prevent overstressing of said' 3,093,317 6/63 Simmons et a1.
  • 239453 Spnng means- FOREIGN PATENTS References Cited by the Examiner 5 628,922 7/27 Rama UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,169,811 9/58 France.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
US220338A 1962-08-29 1962-08-29 Nozzle Expired - Lifetime US3201050A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US220338A US3201050A (en) 1962-08-29 1962-08-29 Nozzle
GB21482/63A GB971037A (en) 1962-08-29 1963-05-29 Nozzle
DE19631426354 DE1426354A1 (de) 1962-08-29 1963-06-08 Duese
CH721463A CH418732A (de) 1962-08-29 1963-06-10 Sprühdüse zur Zerstäubung von Flüssigkeiten

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US220338A US3201050A (en) 1962-08-29 1962-08-29 Nozzle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3201050A true US3201050A (en) 1965-08-17

Family

ID=22823156

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US220338A Expired - Lifetime US3201050A (en) 1962-08-29 1962-08-29 Nozzle

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3201050A (de)
CH (1) CH418732A (de)
DE (1) DE1426354A1 (de)
GB (1) GB971037A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3763936A (en) * 1970-03-03 1973-10-09 Petroles Co Franc Des Method and apparatus for injecting fire extinguishing liquids into a fuel-carrying pipe
US3979068A (en) * 1975-07-14 1976-09-07 Lawrence Peska Associates, Inc. Spray nozzle assembly for a windshield of an automobile
US6460344B1 (en) 1999-05-07 2002-10-08 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Fuel atomization method for turbine combustion engines having aerodynamic turning vanes
US20030196440A1 (en) * 1999-05-07 2003-10-23 Erlendur Steinthorsson Fuel nozzle for turbine combustion engines having aerodynamic turning vanes

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE248119C (de) *
FR628922A (fr) * 1925-12-31 1927-10-31 Appareil d'injection pour moteurs à combustion
US1893457A (en) * 1928-11-26 1933-01-03 Tartrais Eugene Henri Spraying and injecting device for internal combustion engines employing liquid fuel
US2096814A (en) * 1936-03-02 1937-10-26 Saurer Ag Adolph Internal combustion engine
GB499040A (en) * 1937-07-21 1939-01-18 Peter Caspar Zumbusch Improvements in and relating to method and apparatus for injecting liquid fuel for internal combustion engines
US2145429A (en) * 1936-07-22 1939-01-31 Robert E Nelson Fuel injection system
US2255119A (en) * 1939-02-20 1941-09-09 Kennedy Van Saun Mfg & Eng Nozzle
FR1169811A (fr) * 1956-04-16 1959-01-06 Mowag Motorwagenfabrik Ag Gicleur
US2990123A (en) * 1959-02-18 1961-06-27 American Radiator & Standard Shower head
US3042317A (en) * 1959-12-09 1962-07-03 Parker Hannifin Corp Variable area valve
US3093317A (en) * 1960-08-24 1963-06-11 Parker Hannifin Corp Fuel injection nozzle

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE248119C (de) *
FR628922A (fr) * 1925-12-31 1927-10-31 Appareil d'injection pour moteurs à combustion
US1893457A (en) * 1928-11-26 1933-01-03 Tartrais Eugene Henri Spraying and injecting device for internal combustion engines employing liquid fuel
US2096814A (en) * 1936-03-02 1937-10-26 Saurer Ag Adolph Internal combustion engine
US2145429A (en) * 1936-07-22 1939-01-31 Robert E Nelson Fuel injection system
GB499040A (en) * 1937-07-21 1939-01-18 Peter Caspar Zumbusch Improvements in and relating to method and apparatus for injecting liquid fuel for internal combustion engines
US2255119A (en) * 1939-02-20 1941-09-09 Kennedy Van Saun Mfg & Eng Nozzle
FR1169811A (fr) * 1956-04-16 1959-01-06 Mowag Motorwagenfabrik Ag Gicleur
US2990123A (en) * 1959-02-18 1961-06-27 American Radiator & Standard Shower head
US3042317A (en) * 1959-12-09 1962-07-03 Parker Hannifin Corp Variable area valve
US3093317A (en) * 1960-08-24 1963-06-11 Parker Hannifin Corp Fuel injection nozzle

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3763936A (en) * 1970-03-03 1973-10-09 Petroles Co Franc Des Method and apparatus for injecting fire extinguishing liquids into a fuel-carrying pipe
US3979068A (en) * 1975-07-14 1976-09-07 Lawrence Peska Associates, Inc. Spray nozzle assembly for a windshield of an automobile
US6460344B1 (en) 1999-05-07 2002-10-08 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Fuel atomization method for turbine combustion engines having aerodynamic turning vanes
US6560964B2 (en) 1999-05-07 2003-05-13 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Fuel nozzle for turbine combustion engines having aerodynamic turning vanes
US20030196440A1 (en) * 1999-05-07 2003-10-23 Erlendur Steinthorsson Fuel nozzle for turbine combustion engines having aerodynamic turning vanes
US6883332B2 (en) 1999-05-07 2005-04-26 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Fuel nozzle for turbine combustion engines having aerodynamic turning vanes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB971037A (en) 1964-09-30
DE1426354A1 (de) 1969-01-23
CH418732A (de) 1966-08-15

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