US3209660A - Multi-element swab - Google Patents

Multi-element swab Download PDF

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Publication number
US3209660A
US3209660A US334370A US33437063A US3209660A US 3209660 A US3209660 A US 3209660A US 334370 A US334370 A US 334370A US 33437063 A US33437063 A US 33437063A US 3209660 A US3209660 A US 3209660A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
swab
lip
fluid
body section
well
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US334370A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr Raymond G Taylor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Byron Jackson Inc
Original Assignee
Byron Jackson Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Byron Jackson Inc filed Critical Byron Jackson Inc
Priority to US334370A priority Critical patent/US3209660A/en
Priority to GB42745/64A priority patent/GB1072186A/en
Priority to AT940964A priority patent/AT263670B/de
Priority to NL6414927A priority patent/NL6414927A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3209660A publication Critical patent/US3209660A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
    • E21B37/10—Well swabs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to swabs and, more particularly, to a multi-element swab, wherein a plurality of rubber or rubber-like swabbing elements are supported in axially spaced relation along a central support so as to be moved longitudinally through a well pipe and remove fluid therefrom.
  • a swab be capable of supporting a substantial column of fluid; but yet, in some areas, swab operators are reluctant to employ swabs wherein the elements are wire reinforced due to the possibility that destruction of the swab elements leaves wire fragments within the well. Such fragments potentially may interfere with subsequent operations to be performed in the well pipe, particularly in cases where the pipe in which the swab is to be employed is, in effect, the well casing which is cemented in place, as in the case of permanent well completions.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a swab comprising a plurality of elastomeric elements supported upon a central support therefor and each capable of supporting a substantial column of fluid thereabove as the swab is being moved upwardly through the well pipe.
  • a swab must be quite versatile in the sense that it should efiectively seal with the Well pipe to enable lifting of a comparatively light fluid column, on the one hand, but yet should be sufficiently durable and structurally strong as to, when required, lift .a heavy column of fluid, on the other hand. It is, therefore, still another object of the invention to provide an elastomeric swab element having a structure whereby upon initial upward movement through the well pipe it will seal with the latter responsive to a light fluid load thereon, the element being so constructed that under heavier fluid loads it will deform so as to support a heavy column of fluid with a minimum amount of wear as the swab element moves upwardly through the well pipe.
  • FIG. 1 is a view partly in longitudinal section and partly in elevation, showing a swab assembly made in accordance with the invention, the swab being run into a Well pipe;
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of the swab assembly of FIG. 1, showing the swab element in broken lines in an unloaded condition and in full lines deformed to support a light fluid column;
  • FIG. 3 is a view like FIG. 2, but in full lines showing the swab element deformed to support a heavier fluid column.
  • a swab as sembly comprising a mandrel generally denoted at M, on which is disposed at multi-element swab unit generally denoted at S.
  • the mandrel is a typical oil Well swabbing mandrel including a head 1 provided with a threaded neck 2 for connection to a sinker bar or rope socket of a conventional swab line.
  • the mandrel M includes a nose 3 threadedly connected to the lower end thereof as at 4 and provided with a tapered seat 5.
  • Extending lengthwise of the mandrel is a plurality of circumferentially spaced ribs 6 defining a flow passage t-herebetween, these ribs serving to centralize the swab unit S along the mandrel for relative longitudinal movement.
  • the swab unit will be held by fluid friction and friction with the tubing wall upwardly displaced along the mandrel, but upon upward movement of the mandrel through the fluid, the swab unit will come to rest on the seat 5 to prevent the flow of fluid downwardly through the swab unit as is well known in the art.
  • the swab unit S is shown as comprising an inner metallic tubular core 10, having thereon a multiplicity of swab elements respectively designated 11, each being for-med wholly of rubber or elastomeric material and being bonded to the core 10.
  • the swab unit S is shown as comprising a unitary molding including three axially spaced elements 11 united with the core 10. It will be appreciated, however, that the present invention contemplates any suitable number of such elements 11 and, indeed, contemplates a plurality of units S respectively composed of a desired number of elements 11 supported upon the mandrel M, as is well known in the art.
  • Each of the swab elements 11 is composed of an upper lip 12 and a lower body section 14.
  • the lip and the body of the swab element are integral with each other and present a smooth, continuous outer surface for contact with the bore of the tubing.
  • the lip and body mutually cooperate to acomplish the foregoing objectives, i.e., to enable ease of swab descent through fluid in the tubing T, initial sealing with the tubing responsive to light load and deformation to support a heavier fluid load as the swab is being moved upwardly through the tubing.
  • each swab element 11 preferably has its lower body portion 14 of a diameter less than the inside diameter of the tubing to enable the ready passage of fluid therebetween, the body being preferably rounded at the bottom or lower end, and tapered and diverging upwardly throughout or substantially throughout its length to a diameter approximating but preferably less than the inside diameter of the pipe T, it being understood that typical oil field tubing varies somewhat in its inside diameter.
  • the upper lip 12 also has an outside diameter approximating the tubing diameter and is preferably tapered at its outer periphery so as to constitute an upward and outward extension of the body 14, but, due to the provision of an annular space or chamber 15 between the inside diameter of the lip and an axially extended web of rubber or elastomeric material 16 spaced inwardly from the lip and bonded to the core 10, the lip 12 is free to flex inward.
  • the chamber 15 enables slight upward and inward fiexture of the intermediate body portion 13 should the same encounter a restriction in the tubing as the swab is lowered therein.
  • the body will so deform that a minimum amount of leakage therepast may occur to assure the presence of a lubricating film of fluid between the swab element and the tubing as the same is moving upwardly in the tubing.
  • the result of maintenance of such a lubricating film is long swab life.
  • the fluid loading of the swab is such a to cause complete sealing contact with the tubing wall by the rubber element without the benefit of a lubricating film, excessive wear will occur.
  • the present swab element is, accordingly, constructed in a manner calculated to resist deformation to the extent that a lubricating film may be maintained by preferably availing of the above mentioned structural characteristics and proportional relationships which, from tests of the swab in actual wells, appear to have accomplished the desired result.
  • the lip 12 has an axial length (1) approximately /2 the radial width (w) thereof; the body 14 has a length (L) approximately and preferably at least /2 its diameter but not exceeding a length in excess of the diameter. It is desired in this connection that the body be so proportioned that it will deform as described above but is not so thin axially as to flex as would a disc.
  • a well swab comprising a central support having bonded thereon a plurality of axially spaced annular elastomeric elements, each of said elements including an upper lip spaced outwardly from the support and having a radial thickness greater than its length, and a lower body section having a length equal to at least one-half its diameter, and said body section being integral with said lip and being entirely deformable in the axial direction in a direction away from said lip.
  • a well swab comprising a central support and an annular elastomeric element bonded on said support, said element including at one end a lip spaced outwardly from the support and having a diameter approximating that of a well pipe in which the swab is to be used and having a radial thickness greater than its length, and said element having at its other end and integral with said lip an elongated body section of a slightly reduced diameter and of a length at least as long as one-half its diameter, and said body section being entirely deformable in the axial direction in a direction away from said lip.
  • a well swab unit comprising a central core adapted to be supported by a swab mandrel so as to be moved through Well pipe, said core having bonded thereon a unitary elastomeric molding including a multiplicity of axially spaced annular swab elements, said swab elements each having an elongated body section of a diameter less than the well pipe in which it is to be used, a section above and integral with said body section of larger diameter than said body section and having a lip projecting axially therefrom in spaced relation to said core, said lip having a radial thickness greater than its length, and said body section being entirely deformable in the axial direction in a direction away from said lip.
  • a well swab unit comprising a central core adapted to be supported by a swab mandrel so as to be moved through a well pipe, said core having bonded thereon a unitary elastomeric molding including a multiplicity of axially spaced annular swab elements, said swab elements each having an elongated body section of a diameter less than the well pipe in which it is to be used, a section above and integral with said body section of larger diam- 5 eter than said body section and having a lip projecting References Cited by the Examiner axially therefrom in spaced relation to said core, said lip UNITED STATES PATENTS having a radial thickness greater than its length, said body 2 109 913 3/38 Th held 92 241 section further having a length approximately one-half its 2360577 10/44 Parrish diameter and a rounded lower end, said body section still 5 2 656 229 10/53 stillwagon 92 253 further tape

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US334370A 1963-12-30 1963-12-30 Multi-element swab Expired - Lifetime US3209660A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US334370A US3209660A (en) 1963-12-30 1963-12-30 Multi-element swab
GB42745/64A GB1072186A (en) 1963-12-30 1964-10-20 Improved well swab
AT940964A AT263670B (de) 1963-12-30 1964-11-06 Bohrloch-Pistonierkolben
NL6414927A NL6414927A (de) 1963-12-30 1964-12-22

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US334370A US3209660A (en) 1963-12-30 1963-12-30 Multi-element swab

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3209660A true US3209660A (en) 1965-10-05

Family

ID=23306903

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US334370A Expired - Lifetime US3209660A (en) 1963-12-30 1963-12-30 Multi-element swab

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3209660A (de)
AT (1) AT263670B (de)
GB (1) GB1072186A (de)
NL (1) NL6414927A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4771675A (en) * 1986-11-26 1988-09-20 Petro Rubber Hi-Tec, Inc. Swabbing apparatus
US6669449B2 (en) 2001-08-27 2003-12-30 Jeff L. Giacomino Pad plunger assembly with one-piece locking end members

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2109913A (en) * 1936-02-10 1938-03-01 Guiberson Corp Swab
US2360577A (en) * 1940-06-15 1944-10-17 Benjamin E Parrish Swab rubber
US2656229A (en) * 1951-04-09 1953-10-20 Crawford K Stillwagon Piston and piston and rod combination
US2926976A (en) * 1956-10-15 1960-03-01 United States Steel Corp Pistons and sealing elements therefor
US3023062A (en) * 1961-05-04 1962-02-27 Empire Rubber Co Swab rubber unit for well swab

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2109913A (en) * 1936-02-10 1938-03-01 Guiberson Corp Swab
US2360577A (en) * 1940-06-15 1944-10-17 Benjamin E Parrish Swab rubber
US2656229A (en) * 1951-04-09 1953-10-20 Crawford K Stillwagon Piston and piston and rod combination
US2926976A (en) * 1956-10-15 1960-03-01 United States Steel Corp Pistons and sealing elements therefor
US3023062A (en) * 1961-05-04 1962-02-27 Empire Rubber Co Swab rubber unit for well swab

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4771675A (en) * 1986-11-26 1988-09-20 Petro Rubber Hi-Tec, Inc. Swabbing apparatus
US6669449B2 (en) 2001-08-27 2003-12-30 Jeff L. Giacomino Pad plunger assembly with one-piece locking end members

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1072186A (en) 1967-06-14
AT263670B (de) 1968-07-25
NL6414927A (de) 1965-07-01

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