US3210955A - Refrigeration apparatus - Google Patents

Refrigeration apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3210955A
US3210955A US296700A US29670063A US3210955A US 3210955 A US3210955 A US 3210955A US 296700 A US296700 A US 296700A US 29670063 A US29670063 A US 29670063A US 3210955 A US3210955 A US 3210955A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
evaporator
refrigerant
flow
regulating
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US296700A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Carl M Anderson
James W Endress
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Priority to US296700A priority Critical patent/US3210955A/en
Priority to GB7596/64A priority patent/GB1059294A/en
Priority to NL646404010A priority patent/NL142491B/xx
Priority to CH662764A priority patent/CH437381A/de
Priority to DE1964C0033243 priority patent/DE1426936B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3210955A publication Critical patent/US3210955A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
    • F25B1/053—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type of turbine type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/21—Evaporators where refrigerant covers heat exchange coil

Definitions

  • This invention relates broadly to refrigeration apparatus. More particularly, this invention relates to refrigeration apparatus having improved refrigerant distribution means associated therewith. Still more particularly, this invention relates to a control for regulating the distribution of refrigerant to the evaporator of a refrigeration machine so that certain operating economics associated with the distribution of refrigerant to the evaporator may be realized.
  • This invention has for its chief object the provision of an improved control arrangement regulating flow of high pressure gas from the discharge line of the machine to the liquid refrigerant distribution means disposed within the evaporator of the refrigeration machine.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a control of the kind contemplated wherein there is provided means regulating the supply of high pressure gaseous refrigerant to the evaporator wherein the control is responsive to the operation of the capacity control means associated with the centrifugal refrigeration machine.
  • a control of the kind contemplated wherein there is provided means regulating the supply of high pressure gaseous refrigerant to the evaporator wherein the control is responsive to the operation of the capacity control means associated with the centrifugal refrigeration machine.
  • a guide vane assembly disposed at the inlet to the compressor. Manipulation of the guide vanes varies the amount of gaseous refrigerant supplied to the compressor. Variation of the amount of gas supplied to the compressor directly varies the pumping capacity of the compressor and thus regulates the capacity of the machine.
  • a still further object of this invention is the provision of an improved control of the kind described wherein the mechanism employed in the centrifugal refrigeration machine for the purpose of adjusting the guide vanes to equate the capacity of the machine to the load imposed thereon, is employed for the purpose of controlling flow in the hot gas line provided to augment flow of refrigerant to the evaporator of the machine.
  • a refrigeration machine including a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator connected to form a circuit for the flow of refrigerant, refrigerant flow metering means interposed in said circuit between said condenser and said evaporator, capacity control means regulating refrigerant flow from said evaporator to said compressor, liquid refrigerant distribution means for supplying liquid refrigerant from the refrigerant flow metering means to the evaporator, means 3,210,955 Patenied oct.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration machine incorporating the invention serving as the subject of this application;
  • FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary view illustrating mechanism for regulating the guide vanes employed for the purpose of controlling capacity of the machine.
  • FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary view of the mechanism illustrated in FIGURE 2 taken along lines III-III of FIGURE 2.
  • refrigeration apparatus 10 incorporating a motor compressor unit 12 of the centrifugal type arranged so as to discharge hot gaseous refrigerant into line 14 connecting the compressor with condenser 16.
  • the vaporous refrigerant flowing from the compressor is converted to the liquid phase through the action of a cooling coil 17 interposed in said condenser.
  • Liquid refrigerant flows from the condenser 16 through float valve 18 to liquid line 19 connected with the evaporator 20.
  • a liquid distribution system 22 located at the bottom of the evaporator.
  • the particular liquid distribution system illustrated at 22 is defined in detail in the copending application mentioned above.
  • a first apertured base plate 24 extending along the base of the evaporator 20.
  • a bafiie plate 25 superimposed over the plate 22 is a bafiie plate 25 having openings limited to the sides thereof for the purpose of distributing liquid flowing from the apertured plate 24 outwardly through the sides thereof.
  • Located above the bafile plate 25 is a distribution plate 26 containing a plurality of apertures in its upper surface.
  • the liquid refrigerant is converted to vaporous refrigerant as heat transfer between a load represented by coil 27 and the refrigerant in liquid form, occurs.
  • Gaseous refrigerant formed as a result of the heat transfer action described flows through suction line 28 through guide vanes 30 to the inlet of the motor compressor unit 12, completing the refrigeration circuit.
  • a line 32 connecting the discharge of the compressor with the liquid distribution system 22 disposed in the bottom of the evaporator 20.
  • Flow in line 32 is under the influence of valve 34, control of which, is one of the important features of this invention.
  • the control of the flow in line 32 is under the regulation of valve 34 which, in turn, is governed by the position of the guide vanes, an indication of the loading on the machine.
  • FIGURES 2 and 3 there is illustrated mechanism for controlling the position of the guide vanes in accordance with the refrigeration demand on the machine.
  • the individual guide vanes as illustrated in FIGURE 2 have portions thereof provided with pulley sections so that operation of a power vane 38 having an actuating shaft 39 extending therefrom will cause movement of the other vanes in unison toward either a closed or open position depending upon the signal transmitted to the actuating mechanism.
  • a motor 42 connected to the shaft on the power vane through a linkage 40.
  • Motor 42 includes a motor shaft 46 having an arm 47 secured thereto.
  • a corresponding arm 49 is attached to the actuating shaft 39 of the power vane and connection between the arms 47 and 49 is accomplished through a link 40.
  • a capacity control sensor transmits a signal to motor 42 which, in turn, causes rotation of motor 42 in a direction to either open or close the guide vanes depending upon the particular requirement of the machine at the time.
  • the capacity control sensing means does not form a part of this invention.
  • a thermal responsive unit 60 includes a bulb 61 on the coil 21 representing the load on the machine. Bellows 62 is connected to the bulb and has attached thereto an arm 63 engaging a variable resistance 64 in circuit with the winding of the motor 42. Incremental movement of shaft 46 is obtained by varying the current supplied via resistor 64 to the motor windings.
  • FIGURE 3 there is shown a cam member 48 secured to motor shaft 46 and arranged to engage switch 50 arranged in a circuit in series with coil regulating solenoid valve 34.
  • a variation in the load on the machine is represented by a difference in the temperature of the water entering the tube bundle ⁇ 21 in evaporator 20, any variation in the temperature being sensed by the unit 60.
  • a signal is forwarded to the motor 42 for rotating the guide vanes to a position corresponding to the change in load on the machine.
  • the motor is actuated in a manner to move guide vanes 30 to a closed position.
  • cam member 48 engages switch 50 completing the circuit through the coil regulating operation of valve 34. Under these circumstances, high pressure hot gaseous refrigerant is free to flow in line 32 for the purpose of augmenting or supplementing delivery of refrigerant to the cooler.
  • the high pressure refrigerant flowing in line 32 provides additional pressure to the liquid refrigerant delivered from liquid line 19 to the liquid distribution system 22 located in the bottom of the evaporator.
  • the signal from the sensor 60 causes the motor shaft 46 to rotate in a manner designed to open or increase the opening about which guide vanes 30 are disposed. Movement of motor shaft 46 carries cam 48 away from the switch 50 causing it to open deenergizing the coil regulating the solenoid valve 34.
  • cam member 48 In determining the design of the cam member 48 located on motor shaft 42, the load condition on the machine at Which incomplete wetting of the upper rows of tubes is encountered, is computed. The liquid refrigerant flow at this load condition is insufficient to accomplish complete wetting of the tubes with the distribution plates described. It is at this point that cam member 48 should actuate the switch 50 controlling opening of solenoid valve 34 permitting introduction of additional refrigerant to the liquid distribution system to improve heat transfer of the tube bundle.
  • Refrigerant apparatus comprising a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator connected to form a circuit for the flow of refrigerant, refrigerant flow control means for delivering liquid refrigerant to the evaporator interposed in said circuit between said condenser and said evaporator, capacity control means regulating refrigerant flow from said evaporator to said compressor in accordance with the refrigeration demand on said apparatus, said flow varying from a relatively high volume substantially unimpeded flow at high demand to low volume substantially restricted flow at low demand, means for supplying high pressure refrigerant to the evaporator to augment delivery of refrigerant thereto by elevating the level of liquid refrigerant in said evaporator, and control means regulating operation of the high pressure refrigerant supply means, said last-mentioned means being responsive to the action of the capacity control means at a predetermined apparatus demand above the low demand limit.
  • a refrigeration machine including capacity control means for continuously regulating flow of refrigerant gas to the compressor, said flow varying from a relatively high volume substantially unimpeded flow at high demand to a low volume substantially restricted flow at low demand, and actuating means for regulating said capacity control means
  • the method of distributing refrigerant to the evaporator of said machine which comprises the steps of supplying liquid refrigerant formed in the condenser to the evaporator; transmitting high pressure refrigerant flowing from the compressor to the condenser to the evaporator to supplement liquid refrigerant flow under predetermined machine operating conditions; regulating transmittal of the high pressure refrigerant in response to operation of the capacity control actuating means at a predetermined loading above the low load limit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
US296700A 1963-07-22 1963-07-22 Refrigeration apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3210955A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US296700A US3210955A (en) 1963-07-22 1963-07-22 Refrigeration apparatus
GB7596/64A GB1059294A (en) 1963-07-22 1964-02-24 Refrigeration apparatus
NL646404010A NL142491B (nl) 1963-07-22 1964-04-14 Compressorkoelinstallatie met een verdamper, waarin vloeibaar koelmiddel van onder af wordt ingespoten.
CH662764A CH437381A (de) 1963-07-22 1964-05-21 Kältemaschine und Verfahren zu ihrem Betrieb
DE1964C0033243 DE1426936B1 (de) 1963-07-22 1964-06-25 Kuehlaggregat und dessen Steuerung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US296700A US3210955A (en) 1963-07-22 1963-07-22 Refrigeration apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3210955A true US3210955A (en) 1965-10-12

Family

ID=23143171

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US296700A Expired - Lifetime US3210955A (en) 1963-07-22 1963-07-22 Refrigeration apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3210955A (de)
CH (1) CH437381A (de)
DE (1) DE1426936B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1059294A (de)
NL (1) NL142491B (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3242689A (en) * 1964-03-13 1966-03-29 Worthington Corp Cooling system and apparatus
US3299653A (en) * 1965-10-20 1967-01-24 Carrier Corp Refrigeration system
US3306063A (en) * 1962-10-03 1967-02-28 American Radiator & Standard Method of evaporating liquid refrigerant in a semi-flooded type evaporator
US3316735A (en) * 1964-11-25 1967-05-02 Borg Warner Refrigerant distribution for absorption refrigeration systems
US3320758A (en) * 1965-06-21 1967-05-23 Phillips Petroleum Co Method and means for cooling compressor recycle gas
US3500653A (en) * 1968-04-05 1970-03-17 Anderson Service Co Refrigeration apparatus and method having control for refrigeration effect and condenser heat rejection
US4228845A (en) * 1978-01-26 1980-10-21 Phillips Petroleum Company Chiller with means for mixing hot vapors with cold or refrigerated liquid
US4832068A (en) * 1987-12-21 1989-05-23 American Standard Inc. Liquid/gas bypass
US10697674B2 (en) 2018-07-10 2020-06-30 Johnson Controls Technology Company Bypass line for refrigerant

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109855318A (zh) * 2019-02-18 2019-06-07 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 一种磁悬浮离心机组系统

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE577447C (de) * 1932-07-01 1933-05-31 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Kaelteanlage mit Kreiselverdichter
US2921446A (en) * 1956-11-02 1960-01-19 Carrier Corp Refrigeration machine
US3011322A (en) * 1958-08-12 1961-12-05 Dresser Operations Inc Stabilization of refrigeration centrifugal compressor

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2888809A (en) * 1955-01-27 1959-06-02 Carrier Corp Gas compression apparatus
US2983111A (en) * 1958-11-17 1961-05-09 Trane Co Refrigeration machine and method of controlling same
US3070974A (en) * 1959-12-14 1963-01-01 Garrett Corp Single valve refrigeration control

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE577447C (de) * 1932-07-01 1933-05-31 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Kaelteanlage mit Kreiselverdichter
US2921446A (en) * 1956-11-02 1960-01-19 Carrier Corp Refrigeration machine
US3011322A (en) * 1958-08-12 1961-12-05 Dresser Operations Inc Stabilization of refrigeration centrifugal compressor

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3306063A (en) * 1962-10-03 1967-02-28 American Radiator & Standard Method of evaporating liquid refrigerant in a semi-flooded type evaporator
US3242689A (en) * 1964-03-13 1966-03-29 Worthington Corp Cooling system and apparatus
US3316735A (en) * 1964-11-25 1967-05-02 Borg Warner Refrigerant distribution for absorption refrigeration systems
US3320758A (en) * 1965-06-21 1967-05-23 Phillips Petroleum Co Method and means for cooling compressor recycle gas
US3299653A (en) * 1965-10-20 1967-01-24 Carrier Corp Refrigeration system
US3500653A (en) * 1968-04-05 1970-03-17 Anderson Service Co Refrigeration apparatus and method having control for refrigeration effect and condenser heat rejection
US4228845A (en) * 1978-01-26 1980-10-21 Phillips Petroleum Company Chiller with means for mixing hot vapors with cold or refrigerated liquid
US4832068A (en) * 1987-12-21 1989-05-23 American Standard Inc. Liquid/gas bypass
US10697674B2 (en) 2018-07-10 2020-06-30 Johnson Controls Technology Company Bypass line for refrigerant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1059294A (en) 1967-02-15
NL142491B (nl) 1974-06-17
CH437381A (de) 1967-06-15
NL6404010A (de) 1965-01-25
DE1426936B1 (de) 1969-09-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3210955A (en) Refrigeration apparatus
US3400374A (en) Computerized control systems
US5319943A (en) Frost/defrost control system for heat pump
US3977205A (en) Refrigerant mass flow control at low ambient temperatures
US3204423A (en) Control systems
US5311748A (en) Control system for heat pump having decoupled sensor arrangement
US3440833A (en) Vapor cycle refrigeration system
US3277955A (en) Control apparatus for air-cooled steam condensation systems
KR900005977B1 (ko) 냉동시스템의 작동방법 및 냉동시스템의 제어시스템
IL107660A (en) Heat pump / air conditioning control system for improved periodic performance
US3390538A (en) Refrigeration system
US3324672A (en) Electrically controlled conditioning system
JPS6325458A (ja) 冷凍システムのサージ制御方法
US3159981A (en) Heat pump including frost control means
US4982574A (en) Reverse cycle type refrigeration system with water cooled condenser and economizer feature
EP0148102B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Steuern der Kältemittelströmung einer Kälteanlage
US2328472A (en) Split evaporator for cooling systems
US4201061A (en) Automatic chilled water setpoint temperature control
US2286538A (en) Air conditioning system
US3250084A (en) Control systems
US2047827A (en) Control mechanism
US2349671A (en) Control of refrigeration
US2282878A (en) Air conditioning system
US4324288A (en) Level supply air temperature multi-zone heat pump system and method
US2257915A (en) Air conditioning system