US3218420A - Arc-extinguishing circuit breaker with enclosed gas space - Google Patents

Arc-extinguishing circuit breaker with enclosed gas space Download PDF

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Publication number
US3218420A
US3218420A US226076A US22607662A US3218420A US 3218420 A US3218420 A US 3218420A US 226076 A US226076 A US 226076A US 22607662 A US22607662 A US 22607662A US 3218420 A US3218420 A US 3218420A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston
movable contact
chamber
extinguishing
closed
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US226076A
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English (en)
Inventor
Forwald Haakon
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
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Publication of US3218420A publication Critical patent/US3218420A/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • Circuit breakers are known having a gas quantity consisting of for example sulphur hexafluoride (SF 6) permanently enclosed in an extinguishing chamber.
  • SF 6 sulphur hexafluoride
  • the arc gases are not removed from the extinguishing chamber since to a great extent they are reconverted to the gas originally used.
  • Reasonable breaking effects can be obtained by mechanically effecting an air blast on the breaking gap by means of momentary compression of part of the gas enclosed in the extinguishing chamber.
  • the present invention relates to a circuit breaker having a completely closed extinguishing chamber filled with gas and comprising a stationary and a movable contact.
  • the invention is characterised in that the extinguishing chamber is formed as a pump housing in which a piston which divides the extinguishing chamber into an arc chamber containing the stationary contact and a pressure generating chamber is arranged to be moved forward biased by the movable contact.
  • This is passed through the piston and provided with a carrier whose distance from a first stop in the piston in the closed position of the breaker is so chosen that the tip of the movable contact must be completely drawn into the piston before the carrier meets the first stop.
  • An extinguishing gas channel is arranged through the piston, which channel is closed in the closed position of the circuit breaker by the movable contact, but is open when the carrier has reached the first stop in the piston.
  • an increased breaking capacity is obtained for breakers of the above mentioned type through intensified are blowing.
  • an increased breaking capacity is obtained for breakers of the above mentioned type through intensified are blowing.
  • the invention also provides a relative decrease in the work of the arc and the breaking gas development since the are for a considerable part of its length will burn in a space having low pressure.
  • Another advantage with the construction is that during the opening movement when the carrier has reached the stop in the piston, the movable contact and the extinguished air channel are in rest position relative to each other and thus the arc is exposed to an intensive blast at one base point during almost the entire breaking process.
  • the tip of the movable contact is arranged to form an annular slot with the opening in the piston for the movable contact, which slot is in communication with the extinguishing air channel. It is further suitable to provide the piston with a second stop which is met by the carrier when the circuit breaker is closed, whereby the distance between the stops is chosen so that when the circuit breaker is closed the volume of the arc chamber will be as small as possible. In this way it is ensured that as low a pressure as possible is generated in the arc chamber at a breaking action.
  • FIGURE 1 designates the breaker support to which the extinguishing chamber 2 is attached by means of insulators 3 and 4.
  • a stationary contact 5 is arranged at the bottom of the extinguishing chamber.
  • the movable contact 6 passes through the piston 7 which slides in an air-tight manner in the extinguishing chamber 2 formed as a pump housing.
  • the movable contact is operated by means of a lever system of insulating rods 8.
  • the movable contact is provided with a carrier 9.
  • Two stops are also arranged in the piston, namely a first stop 10 and a second stop 11.
  • an extinguishing gas channel 12 and a by-pass channel 13 provided with a nonreturn valve 14.
  • the are chamber is formed by the space 15 and the pressure generating chamber by the space 16.
  • the extinguishing chamber 2 is filled with sulphur hexafluoride.
  • An important feature of the present invention is that the volume of the arc chamber or space 15 in the closed position of the breaker is very small compared to the volume of the pressure generating chamber or space 16.
  • the gas should flow through the gas channel 12 in the piston at the speed of sound.
  • This speed is obtained when the pressure on one side of the piston is twice as great as the pressure on the other side of the piston, that is the side limiting the space into which the gas flows.
  • the pressure in the space 15 decreases to half its initial value when this space 15 is doubled, if the assumption is made that during this first part of the breaking movement very little gas flows through the channel 12.
  • the pressure in space 16 will, during this first part of the breaking operation, remain unchanged substantially.
  • the circuit breaker is closed by the movable contact 6 moving downwards, whereby the carrier 9 meets the second stop 11 and the movable contact closes the extinguishing air channel 12.
  • the piston now moves downwards with the movable contact 6.
  • the gas in the arc chamber 15 is thus compressed and in order to prevent the compression becoming too great channels 13, as mentioned earlier, have been arranged.
  • gas now flows from the arc chamber to the pressure generating chamber through the channel 13 past the nonreturn valve 14, and a pressure equalization occurs between the arc chamber and the pressure generating chamber 16.
  • the stops 10 and 11 have been placed at such a distance from each other that at closed breaking gap the piston 7 almost touches the bottom of the extinguishing chamber so that in the closed position of the circuit breaker the arc chamber 15 has a very small volume.
  • the normal pressure in the extinguishing chamber 2 may be atmospheric pressure, but it may also have other values, for example, a couple of atmospheres over-pressure.
  • flexible gas sealings are suitably arranged 'for the passage of the movable contact through the upper wall of the extinguishing chamber.
  • a circuit breaker comprising a completely closed extinguishing chamber filled with gas and having a closed cylindrical portion, a piston slidable in the cylindrical portion and dividing the chamber into an arc chamber having an end wall and a pressure generating chamber, the cross-section of the piston at the end nearest said end wall being equal to the internal cross-section of the closed cylindrical portion, a stationary contact within the arc chamber, a movable contact passing through said piston, said piston being slidably mounted on the movable contact, means for moving the movable contact from and towards the stationary contact, said movable contact and piston having cooperating means thereon for limiting the sliding movement of the piston with respect to the movable contact between first and second limit positions, said movable contact having a tip, the tip of the movable contact being completely drawn into the piston when said piston reaches one of said limit positions during opening movement, said piston having an extinguishing gas channel therethrough, said movable contact closing said gas channel in the closed position of the circuit breaker, said cooperating means including means
  • said piston having an annular slot exposed by the tip of the movable contact when said piston readies said first limit position forming a part of the extinguishing gas channel.
  • said piston having a by-pass channel therethrough provided with a non-return valve allowing gas to flow from the arc chamber to the pressure generating chamber only.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
US226076A 1961-10-04 1962-09-25 Arc-extinguishing circuit breaker with enclosed gas space Expired - Lifetime US3218420A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE983961 1961-10-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3218420A true US3218420A (en) 1965-11-16

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ID=20277624

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US226076A Expired - Lifetime US3218420A (en) 1961-10-04 1962-09-25 Arc-extinguishing circuit breaker with enclosed gas space

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3218420A (de)
CH (1) CH414794A (de)
DE (1) DE1232238B (de)
GB (1) GB951409A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3290469A (en) * 1964-09-30 1966-12-06 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressed-gas circuit interrupter having cavitation means
US4434334A (en) 1980-10-02 1984-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Circuit interrupter

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2227617B1 (de) * 1973-04-30 1979-03-09 Siemens Ag

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE671326C (de) * 1937-10-16 1939-02-04 Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges Schalter mit Lichtbogenloeschung durch Pressluft
US2246171A (en) * 1938-01-10 1941-06-17 Gen Electric Method of and apparatus for interrupting electric arcs
US2781435A (en) * 1951-03-18 1957-02-12 Heilmann Philipp Arc-extinguishing mechanism for electric switches
GB784373A (en) * 1954-11-25 1957-10-09 Calor Emag Elek Zitats Ag Improvements in fluid-blast electric switches
US2957063A (en) * 1958-03-07 1960-10-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Pumped-gas circuit interrupter

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB378471A (en) * 1931-05-09 1932-08-09 Electr & Allied Ind Res Ass Improvements relating to electric switches or circuit breakers
DE664210C (de) * 1932-06-07 1938-08-22 Frida Strauss Geb Ruppel Schalter mit Lichtbogenloeschung durch Druckgas
DE658290C (de) * 1934-12-16 1938-04-01 Studiengesellschaft Fuer Hochl Schalter mit Lichtbogenloeschung
DE698808C (de) * 1937-08-21 1940-11-18 Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges OElstrahlschalter
DE910686C (de) * 1941-03-18 1954-05-06 Aeg Elektrischer Stromunterbrecher, insbesondere Druckgasschalter

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE671326C (de) * 1937-10-16 1939-02-04 Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges Schalter mit Lichtbogenloeschung durch Pressluft
US2246171A (en) * 1938-01-10 1941-06-17 Gen Electric Method of and apparatus for interrupting electric arcs
US2781435A (en) * 1951-03-18 1957-02-12 Heilmann Philipp Arc-extinguishing mechanism for electric switches
GB784373A (en) * 1954-11-25 1957-10-09 Calor Emag Elek Zitats Ag Improvements in fluid-blast electric switches
US2957063A (en) * 1958-03-07 1960-10-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Pumped-gas circuit interrupter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3290469A (en) * 1964-09-30 1966-12-06 Westinghouse Electric Corp Compressed-gas circuit interrupter having cavitation means
US4434334A (en) 1980-10-02 1984-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Circuit interrupter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1232238B (de) 1967-01-12
GB951409A (en) 1964-03-04
CH414794A (de) 1966-06-15

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