US3225319A - Shunt reactors - Google Patents

Shunt reactors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3225319A
US3225319A US254020A US25402063A US3225319A US 3225319 A US3225319 A US 3225319A US 254020 A US254020 A US 254020A US 25402063 A US25402063 A US 25402063A US 3225319 A US3225319 A US 3225319A
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Prior art keywords
coils
coil
reactor
casing
elements
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Expired - Lifetime
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US254020A
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English (en)
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Trench Anthony Barclay
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Priority to US254020A priority Critical patent/US3225319A/en
Priority to GB19285/63A priority patent/GB985506A/en
Priority to SE5966/63A priority patent/SE316828B/xx
Priority to CH757463A priority patent/CH412099A/fr
Priority to DET24189A priority patent/DE1287203B/de
Priority to AT54464A priority patent/AT255554B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3225319A publication Critical patent/US3225319A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F37/00—Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F17/00
    • H01F37/005—Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F17/00 without magnetic core

Definitions

  • SHUNT REACTORS Filed Jan. 25, 1963 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 WWW/PW United States Patent 3,225,319 SHUNT REACTORS Anthony Barclay Trench, Gait, Ontario, Canada (Toronto, Ontario, Canada) Filed Jan. 25, 1963, Ser. No. 254,020 4 Claims. ((31. 336-180)
  • This invention relates to electrical, inductive, devices and particularly to an inductive device having a plurality of turns of conductor distributed uniformly along the axial length of the winding.
  • the devices of particular concern herein are shunt reactors in power transmission systems.
  • the novel construction of the device to be described herein may be utilized in other inductive devices.
  • Reactors may be of the core or coreless type, the latter being preferred in many cases for the following reasons:
  • Laminated iron cores, iron yokes or iron tankwall shields will introduce complications in electrical insulation technique. High stress points are likely to be incurred at edges and salient points of such structures. In any event, iron cores will increase electrical stresses in the coils due to the proximity of ground potential. In this connection, the insulation of the air-core coil is simplified and electric stresses are greatly reduced in intensity through much larger clearance to ground.
  • a disc winding which has partial axial turn distribution is also known, but the difliculty with such is that the total number of turns required is so large that each disc must have prohibitive numbers of radially disposed turns; thereby introducing such high voltage stresses between adjacent discs as to prevent the low stress criterion sought.
  • High-voltage coils as developed for transformers, have inherent stress problems.
  • Layer wound coils endeavour to distribute the electric stress radially, but the turns are non-uniform in the radial direction and concentrations of stress must inevitably occur at the ends of each layer; in fact the entire impulse voltage appears across a very limited number of such gaps between adjacent layers.
  • great thickness of layer insulation undesirably high stress levels and low margins of safety are inevitable between adjacent layers.
  • each of the independent winding elements have substantially the same axial length, and carry substantially any desired fraction of the rated total current.
  • Such a winding has the lowest obtainable voltage gradient at any point from terminal to terminal. Further, since each parallel winding element is of essentially the same length, there is negligible potential difference between turns in the radial direction.
  • a further object is to provide an inductive device where the nominal voltage stresses along the length of the winding are exceptionally low even at impulse levels, being far below corona starting point.
  • the present invention consists of,
  • a plurality of concentric coil elements electrically connected in parallel to a pair of terminals each of said elements consisting of a plurality of independent, serially connected, sections, said sections comprising a ring formed from a plurality of turns of insulated, electrically conductive wire.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a casing enclosing a shunt reactor constructed in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 1a is a partial sectional view taken substantially along the line 1a-1a of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical partial sectional view of another embodiment of a shunt reactor constructed in accordance with the instant invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section view along section 33 of FIG. 2.
  • a shunt reactor 10 encased in a sheet metal housing or tank 11 and is supported, in spaced relationship with respect to the housing, by an insulating pedestal 13.
  • the housing or tank 11 consists of a cylindrical member 14 having opposed end flanges 15 and 16 to which respective end covers 17 and 18 are secured.
  • the end cover 18 may be detachably secured as by bolts, rivets or the like through a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures 19.
  • the cover 18 further includes a detachable conical central portion 20 (or turret) detachably secured thereto as by a plurality of bolts, rivets or the like through circumferentially spaced apertures 21.
  • the turret or cone 20 is apertured to receive and support a bushing 22, an inside extension 23 of which terminates immediately adjacent the central axis of the reactor 10. Se-
  • cured to the internal wall of the casing is a plurality of magnetic shields 24.
  • the tank in most cases, will require substantial magnetic clearance from the coil and preferably a round tank is used with aluminum eddy-current shielding against the inside surface.
  • the concentric tank shield of this form facilitates the computation of eddy-current magnitudes and stray loss values.
  • the round tank is the most simple to manufacture, permits optimum cooling radiation, and is easily braced for vacuum and pressure.
  • the smooth tank wall shield being concentric with the coil and with end grading rings facilitates obtaining low electrical stresses.
  • the lower or bottom wall of the tank is preferably aluminum or aluminium coated steel.
  • the aluminium provides mag- In the latter construction, the aluminium may be a separate inner casing while the outer casing is steel or the like.
  • the react-or consists of a plurality of concentric radially spaced coils 31, 32, 33 and 34, each of the coil-s consisting of a plurality of vertically stacked elements, at, b, c, d, etc.
  • coil 31 consists of elements 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, etc.
  • Each element consists of a plurality of turns of insulated copper wire 35 Wound to define an annular member.
  • Each of the elements at, b, c, d, etc. has the opposed ends of the wires direct-ed outwardly forming pigtails whereby vertically adjacent elements may be readily serially connected as at 36 to form the coil.
  • each of the coils may be axially spaced if desired and the coils 31, 32, 33 and 34 are radially spaced.
  • a plurality of T-shape, in cross section, spacer members 37 (FIG. 3) spaced circumferentially internally of each of the coils 32 and 33 radially spaces the coils.
  • a plurality of spacers 38 are keyed to each axial spacer 37. These spacers 38 are slidable along spacer-s 37 and are adapted to separate vertically adjacent stacked elements a, b, c, d, etc.
  • the axial spacing of the elements and the radial spacing of the coils provide a plurality of paths for the circulation of air, gas, fluid or the like cooling medium.
  • the coils surround a cylindrical insulating member 50 such as a phenolic impregnated fiber cylinder, the first coil being held in spaced relation With respect thereto by a plurality of previously described spacers.
  • End members 51 and 52 are interconnected by a plurality of the rods 53 and abut opposed ends of the cylinder 50. Opposite ends of the rods are threaded to receive nuts which bear against respective upper and lower rings 54 and 55.
  • These rings are made of an insulating material such as plywood, plastics such as phenolic resins, or the like.
  • the members 51 and 52 consist of a pair of spaced fiber board disks 56 and 57, 58 and 59, the disks in each pair being held in spaced relationship .by respective central spiders 60, and 61, through which are provided bolts 62 and 63, providing a line and a ground terminal.
  • the leads 64 and 65 of the coils are electrically connected respectively to spiders 60 and 61.
  • the spiders and terminal bolts preferably are copper or other highly electrically conductive material.
  • the respective pair of disks are joined at the periphery by annular insulating rings 68 and 69.
  • the fiber disks are metallized to provide shielding.
  • the pairs of fiber disks are eliminated and the leads 64 and 65 of the coils are electrically connected to the spiders 60 and 61 and bolts 62 and 63 through a plurality of arms A secured to said spiders and radiating therefrom.
  • Pieshaped segments of metallized plates 13 are included between adjacent pairs of arms A to provide shielding.
  • the metallized plates B can be fixedly attached to the arms A by an adhesive.
  • the annular insulating rings 68 and 69 bear against the outer ends of the spider arms A.
  • the annular ring 68 includes an upper lip whereby the ring may rest upon the upper edge of the end disk 56 as seen in FIGURE 2.
  • struts 73 Secured by struts 73 to the upper and lower rings 68 and 69 are upper and lower metallic potential grading rings 71 and 72.
  • each coil element is wound individually and subsequently electrically connected upon assemblage of each of the coils. This facilitates winding and handling.
  • the leads are connected to the end spindlers, thereby electrically connecting in parallel the concentric coils.
  • Terminal 62 is connected to the line by a flexible conductor 75 or other suitable means.
  • the calculations for the individual coil elements and the over-all coil design are based upon solving simultaneous equations.
  • n and n the number of turns in coils r and s, re-
  • E the designed voltage drop across the reactor. Since each coil is connected in parallel, E is, of course, the same throughout the design equations.
  • the conductor is preferably designed to be of standard size and low current rating to minimize losses. This is desirable because it does not necessitate manufacture of special conductors for fabrication of the reactor windings.
  • Conductor size determines maximum current in a particular coil which governs maximum temperature increase of the reactor from no load to full load.
  • each coil must be greater than the interior coil to which it is adjacent by an amount greater than the adjacent conductor diameter plus insulation. It is preferable, moreover, to design coil diameter slightly greater than this minimum quantity to permit coolant circulation. Winding pitch cannot be smaller than the width plus insulation of the conductor which comprises the particular coil. Pit-ch can exceed this minimum value thus obviating the necessity for insulated conductors when the coils are spaced apart radially to a sufiicient extent.
  • the number of windings in each coil is computed from the equation by solving for mutual and self reactance. This may be accomplished by manualor automatic computation methods.
  • An air core shunt reactor comprising a plurality of concentric, radially spaced coils of equal length electrically connected in parallel and confined between a pair according to Table 1 below; 5 of axially spaced, interconnected, opposed end members,
  • winding coil lengths specified in Table lcolurnn 6 must be met, and may be obtained by suitably adjusting the widths of the radial ducts between elements of each coil.
  • terminal means disposed on the axis of said coils at each end of the latter for electrically connecting the parallel coils of said reactor in series in an electrical circuit, said terminal means being secured one to each of said end members, a casing enclosing said reactor, an insulating pedestal disposed between the lower end of said coil and the casing thereby to support said coils in spaced relationship with respect to said casing, and a pair of metallic annular members circumscribing the outermost coil in radially spaced relationship with respect thereto, said annular members being disposed respectively adjacent opposed ends of the coils.
  • a shunt reactor as defined in claim 1 including a plurality of metallic shielding rings secured to the inner surface of the casing and being disposed in spaced relationship along the axis of said coils.
  • each of said end members consists of a pair of substantially parallel metallized plates having -a space therebetween.
  • each of said end members includes a spider having the legs thereof radiating outwardly from the axis of the coils and wherein the terminal means associated therewith is a hub from which the arms of the spider radiate said arms electrically connecting said coils in parallel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Regulation Of General Use Transformers (AREA)
US254020A 1963-01-25 1963-01-25 Shunt reactors Expired - Lifetime US3225319A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US254020A US3225319A (en) 1963-01-25 1963-01-25 Shunt reactors
GB19285/63A GB985506A (en) 1963-01-25 1963-05-15 Shunt reactor
SE5966/63A SE316828B (de) 1963-01-25 1963-05-29
CH757463A CH412099A (fr) 1963-01-25 1963-06-18 Bobine d'inductance, à noyau d'air
DET24189A DE1287203B (de) 1963-01-25 1963-06-22 Drossel ohne Eisenkern
AT54464A AT255554B (de) 1963-01-25 1964-01-23 Eisenlose Nebenschlußdrossel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US254020A US3225319A (en) 1963-01-25 1963-01-25 Shunt reactors

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3225319A true US3225319A (en) 1965-12-21

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US254020A Expired - Lifetime US3225319A (en) 1963-01-25 1963-01-25 Shunt reactors

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3225319A (de)
AT (1) AT255554B (de)
CH (1) CH412099A (de)
DE (1) DE1287203B (de)
GB (1) GB985506A (de)
SE (1) SE316828B (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3309639A (en) * 1965-05-12 1967-03-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Sound reducing means for electrical reactors
US3902147A (en) * 1972-12-28 1975-08-26 Trench Electric Ltd Air core duplex reactor
US4477792A (en) * 1982-01-29 1984-10-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Modular power system reactor
US5027099A (en) * 1987-03-31 1991-06-25 Guthrie Canadian Investments Limited Sensitive fault detection system for parallel coil air core reactors
US5175526A (en) * 1990-11-23 1992-12-29 Thomson-Csf Inductance device, particularly for short waves
EP0529905A1 (de) * 1991-08-30 1993-03-03 Bba Canada Limited Oberwellenfilterreaktor hoher Verlustleistung
US5225802A (en) * 1982-01-20 1993-07-06 Trench Electric, A Division Of Guthrie Canadian Investments Limited Low loss spiders
RU2398301C1 (ru) * 2009-07-17 2010-08-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт релестроения с опытным производством" Трехфазный токоограничивающий реактор для устройства плавного пуска электродвигателя
WO2016003376A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2016-01-07 Arifoğlu Uğur Multi layered air core reactor design method
US20180174743A1 (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Joaquín Enríque NEGRETE HERNANDEZ Harmonics filters using semi non-magnetic bobbins
US20200194172A1 (en) * 2017-08-24 2020-06-18 Abb Schweiz Ag Reactor and Respective Manufacturing Method
US11594367B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2023-02-28 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Choke and test assembly for carrying out high-voltage testing
US11823822B2 (en) * 2020-11-12 2023-11-21 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Structural arrangement for mounting conductor winding packages in air core reactor

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4305521C2 (de) * 1993-02-17 1996-02-01 Aeg Tro Transformatoren Gmbh Scheibenwicklung für eine eisenkernlose, kühlmittelgekühlte Drosselspule
DE19542529C1 (de) * 1995-11-15 1997-06-12 Ritz Messwandler Kg Festdrosselanordnung für die Prüfung von Hochspannungsanlagen
DE10042756B8 (de) * 2000-08-31 2007-01-04 Lbbz-Nrw Gmbh Spule und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1242497A (en) * 1917-03-15 1917-10-09 Thomas E Murray Polyphase reactance-coil.
US2352166A (en) * 1942-02-10 1944-06-27 Gen Electric Electric induction apparatus
US2422037A (en) * 1942-05-16 1947-06-10 Gen Electric Electric induction apparatus
US2783441A (en) * 1952-07-25 1957-02-26 Gen Electric Transformer
US2937349A (en) * 1955-10-12 1960-05-17 Gen Electric Stationary induction electrical apparatus
US2986716A (en) * 1957-10-18 1961-05-30 Gen Electric Spacer for electrical windings
US3013102A (en) * 1945-05-24 1961-12-12 Electro Mechanical Res Inc Electrostatic shields

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE364336C (de) * 1921-01-06 1922-11-21 Emil Pfiffner Drosselspule fuer hohe Spannungen
US1554250A (en) * 1921-11-02 1925-09-22 Thomas E Murray Reactance coil
US2959754A (en) * 1957-12-24 1960-11-08 Gen Electric Canada Electrical reactor

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1242497A (en) * 1917-03-15 1917-10-09 Thomas E Murray Polyphase reactance-coil.
US2352166A (en) * 1942-02-10 1944-06-27 Gen Electric Electric induction apparatus
US2422037A (en) * 1942-05-16 1947-06-10 Gen Electric Electric induction apparatus
US3013102A (en) * 1945-05-24 1961-12-12 Electro Mechanical Res Inc Electrostatic shields
US2783441A (en) * 1952-07-25 1957-02-26 Gen Electric Transformer
US2937349A (en) * 1955-10-12 1960-05-17 Gen Electric Stationary induction electrical apparatus
US2986716A (en) * 1957-10-18 1961-05-30 Gen Electric Spacer for electrical windings

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3309639A (en) * 1965-05-12 1967-03-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Sound reducing means for electrical reactors
US3902147A (en) * 1972-12-28 1975-08-26 Trench Electric Ltd Air core duplex reactor
US5225802A (en) * 1982-01-20 1993-07-06 Trench Electric, A Division Of Guthrie Canadian Investments Limited Low loss spiders
US4477792A (en) * 1982-01-29 1984-10-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Modular power system reactor
US5027099A (en) * 1987-03-31 1991-06-25 Guthrie Canadian Investments Limited Sensitive fault detection system for parallel coil air core reactors
US5175526A (en) * 1990-11-23 1992-12-29 Thomson-Csf Inductance device, particularly for short waves
US5202584A (en) * 1991-08-30 1993-04-13 Bba Canada Limited High energy dissipation harmonic filter reactor
EP0529905A1 (de) * 1991-08-30 1993-03-03 Bba Canada Limited Oberwellenfilterreaktor hoher Verlustleistung
RU2398301C1 (ru) * 2009-07-17 2010-08-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт релестроения с опытным производством" Трехфазный токоограничивающий реактор для устройства плавного пуска электродвигателя
WO2016003376A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2016-01-07 Arifoğlu Uğur Multi layered air core reactor design method
US20180174743A1 (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Joaquín Enríque NEGRETE HERNANDEZ Harmonics filters using semi non-magnetic bobbins
US11515078B2 (en) * 2016-12-21 2022-11-29 Joaquín Enríque NEGRETE HERNANDEZ Harmonics filters using semi non-magnetic bobbins
US20200194172A1 (en) * 2017-08-24 2020-06-18 Abb Schweiz Ag Reactor and Respective Manufacturing Method
US11594367B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2023-02-28 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Choke and test assembly for carrying out high-voltage testing
US11823822B2 (en) * 2020-11-12 2023-11-21 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Structural arrangement for mounting conductor winding packages in air core reactor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH412099A (fr) 1966-04-30
DE1287203B (de) 1969-01-16
AT255554B (de) 1967-07-10
GB985506A (en) 1965-03-10
SE316828B (de) 1969-11-03

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