US3234424A - Electrode, particularly sole electrode for m-type electron tube - Google Patents

Electrode, particularly sole electrode for m-type electron tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US3234424A
US3234424A US191081A US19108162A US3234424A US 3234424 A US3234424 A US 3234424A US 191081 A US191081 A US 191081A US 19108162 A US19108162 A US 19108162A US 3234424 A US3234424 A US 3234424A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
sole
electrons
pins
electron tube
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Expired - Lifetime
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US191081A
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English (en)
Inventor
Henry-Bezy Georges
Gautier Philippe
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Thales SA
Original Assignee
CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA
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Application filed by CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA filed Critical CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/42—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to M-type electron tubes, that is to those comprising an emissive cathode directing an electron beam within the space comprised between a pair of parallel electrodes, carried at different potentials, and means enabling the creation within this space of a magnetic field of which the lines of force are simultaneously perpendicular to the direct-current electric field existing therein and to the trajectory or path of the electron beam.
  • the present invention relates to the ysole structure of such tubes, that is, to that of the electrodes of the aforementioned pair which is more negative.
  • these grooves may have a direction parallel to the lines of force of the magnetic field, that is, transverse with respect to the direction of the extension of the sole.
  • these grooves may also be longitudinal, that is, extend in the direction of propagation of the beam.
  • the object of the present invention is an arrangement of grooves which permits an improvement in the obtained results from the point of view of capture of secondary electrons by the sole, and consequently, of suppression or strong reduction of the sole current.
  • Still another object of the present invention resides in the provision of a sole structure which effectively precludes the occurrence of backward currents within the sole structure by maintaining the quantity of primary electrons absorbed larger than that of the secondary electrons emitted.
  • Still a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a sole structure provided with a bi-dimensional network of secondary electron suppressing means so as to improve the over-all performance of the tube.
  • FIGURE l is a partial perspective View of a first embodiment of a sole structure in accordance with the present invention
  • FiGURE 2 is a partial longitudinal cross sectional View through a sole structure in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 3 is a partial plan view of the embodiment illustrated in FIGURE 2.
  • the sole structure according to the present invention is provided with crossed channels forming a bi-dimension-al network.
  • a series of parallel longitudinal grooves crossing another series of transverse parallel grooves.
  • the sole thus assumes a configuration as shown in FIGURE l in which reference numeral I represents in perspective the body of the sole, the arrow 2 indicating the direction of the longitudinal grooves, the arrow 3 that of the transverse grooves and reference numeral 4 the fingers or pins formed by the intersection of the grooves.
  • the lingers 4 may be inclined in the direction opposite to the propagation of the beam, as indicated in FIGURE 2 by arrow 5.
  • the longitudinal section of the fingers 4 may be triangular instead of rectangular as shown in FIGURE l. Such an arrangement and construction of the fingers 4 further improves the efiicacy of the traps provided within the sole.
  • the dimensions of the system will be suchvthat the channels and fingers do not impart to the sole any retarding property with respect to the utilized wave length.
  • the channels and fingers do not impart to the sole any retarding property with respect to the utilized wave length.
  • Such a sole behaves practically as a smooth surface with respect to the propagation of the utilized wave.
  • a sole electrode, especially for an M-type electron tube provided at the surface thereof with two series of grooves to effectively form traps for secondary electrons, the grooves in each series being mutually substantially parallel, and both series crossing one another substantially at right angle.
  • a sole electrode especially for an M-type electron tube provided at the surface thereof with two series of grooves to effectively form traps for secondary electrons, the grooves in each series being mutually substantially parallel, and both series crossing one another substantially at right angle, the two series being, respectively, substantially parallel to the longitudinal and transverse direction of said electrode.
  • a sole electrode especially for an M-type electron tube, provided at the surface thereof with a bi-dimensional network of pins, and the spaces between the pins effectively forming traps for secondary electrons, said pins being so dimensioned as to confer to said electrode characteristics substantially devoid of delaying properties for the propagation of electromagnetic microwave energy propagating therealong substantially at the velocity of the propagation of light.
  • a sole electrode especially for an M-type electron tube, provided at the surface thereof with a bi-dirnensional network of pins, and the spaces between the pins effectively forming traps for secondary electrons, said pins being substantially normal to said electrode.
  • a sole electrode especially for an M-type electron tube, provided at the surface thereof with a bi-dimensional network of pins, and the spaces between the pins effectively forming traps for secondary electrons, said pins being substantially parallel to each other and inclined to said surface.
  • a sole electrode especially for an M-type electron tube, provided at the surface thereof with a bi-dimensional network of pins, and the spaces between the pins effectively forming traps for secondary electrons, said pins being substantially parallel to each other and inclined to said surface in a direction substantially opposite to the normal direction of movement of the electron flow near said surface.
  • an electron tube having a source of primary electrons and provided with an electrode structure delimiting an interaction space
  • means for guiding said electrons in a first direction past said electrode structure including means for generating within said interaction space an electric field and a magnetic field crossed with said electric field thereby guiding said electrons perpendicularly to both of said fields
  • the improvement essentially consisting of ⁇ second means for substantially preventing the escape of secondary electrons from said electrode structure due to the impact thereagainst of said primary electrons, said second means including bi-dimensional network means extending in two distinct directions effectively constituting secondary electron traps.
  • an electron tube having a source of primary electrons and provided with an electrode structure delimiting an interaction space
  • means for guiding said electrons in a first direction past said electrode structure including means for generating within said interaction space an electric field and a magnetic field crossed with said electric field thereby guiding said electrons perpendicularly to both of said fields
  • the improvement essentially consisting of second means for substantially preventing the escape of secondary electrons from said electrode structure due to the impact thereagainst of said primary electrons, said second means including bi-dimensional network means extending in two distinct directions and effectively constituting secondary electron traps and operable to leave substantially unaffected the non-retarding characteristic of said electrode structure at the utilized frequencies.
  • an electrode structure comprising, at the surface thereof, a network of bi-dimensional secondary electron suppressing means extending in two distinct directions and effectively forming traps for secondary electrons emitted from said electrode.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
US191081A 1961-05-04 1962-04-30 Electrode, particularly sole electrode for m-type electron tube Expired - Lifetime US3234424A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR860695A FR1296018A (fr) 1961-05-04 1961-05-04 Perfectionnements aux soles de tubes électroniques type m.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3234424A true US3234424A (en) 1966-02-08

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US191081A Expired - Lifetime US3234424A (en) 1961-05-04 1962-04-30 Electrode, particularly sole electrode for m-type electron tube

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US (1) US3234424A (fr)
FR (1) FR1296018A (fr)
GB (1) GB945215A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3441784A (en) * 1967-04-26 1969-04-29 Varian Associates Ridged dielectric window with titanium suboxide solely on ridges
US4709129A (en) * 1976-12-16 1987-11-24 Raytheon Company Microwave heating apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5850074A (en) * 1997-08-30 1998-12-15 Daewoo Electronics Co., Ltd. Microwave oven equipped with a microwave generating apparatus designed to reduce secondary electron emission

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2939037A (en) * 1956-01-30 1960-05-31 Varian Associates Apparatus for suppression of multipactor
US2992360A (en) * 1953-05-13 1961-07-11 Csf Suppressor device for the secondary emission current in magnetic field electronic tubes

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2992360A (en) * 1953-05-13 1961-07-11 Csf Suppressor device for the secondary emission current in magnetic field electronic tubes
US2939037A (en) * 1956-01-30 1960-05-31 Varian Associates Apparatus for suppression of multipactor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3441784A (en) * 1967-04-26 1969-04-29 Varian Associates Ridged dielectric window with titanium suboxide solely on ridges
US4709129A (en) * 1976-12-16 1987-11-24 Raytheon Company Microwave heating apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1296018A (fr) 1962-06-15
GB945215A (en) 1963-12-23

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