US3238590A - Method and apparatus for interlacing synthetic filaments - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for interlacing synthetic filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3238590A
US3238590A US257274A US25727463A US3238590A US 3238590 A US3238590 A US 3238590A US 257274 A US257274 A US 257274A US 25727463 A US25727463 A US 25727463A US 3238590 A US3238590 A US 3238590A
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Prior art keywords
thread
filaments
nozzle
path
convex surface
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US257274A
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English (en)
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Nicita Domenico
Giacobone Piero
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SNIA Viscosa SpA
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SNIA Viscosa SpA
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Priority to US526630A priority Critical patent/US3385048A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/08—Interlacing constituent filaments without breakage thereof, e.g. by use of turbulent air streams

Definitions

  • the present invention has for its subject-matter a process for producing from man-made and synthetic filaments having no twist or a very slight twist, yarns having a satisfactory cohesion for subsequent weaving and also for obtaining from said filaments, yarns having a high tinctorial uniformity.
  • the present invention also contemplates apparatus for performing said process, and the yarns obtained thereby are also encompassed within the scope of this invention.
  • the degree of cohesion is rated as the number of false knots per meter.
  • the way in which the measurements are taken will be specified hereinafter. It can be said that this number of false knots should be, preferably, from 10 to 50 per meter or more.
  • thread will connote, in the detailed description to follow, a grouping of continuous filaments substantially parallel which are fed as a unit, either after having assumed the degree of cohesion mentioned above, or before.
  • the process of the present invention is characterized in that a continuous thread, composed of a plurality of continuous filaments and having no twist or a very low twist, is fed past a fluid stream, preferably a gas stream, so as to deviate this thread from its rectilinear path and have it slide over a convex rest surface, which is preferably embodied in a cylindrical body, such as for example a rod of a sintered ceramic material.
  • the flow lines of the gas are such as not to form, in the contact area between the gas and the thread, whirls having their axes parallel to the feed direction of the thread.
  • the process of this invention can be put into practice immediately after the manufacturing process of manmade or synthetic yarns and can also be associated with other treatments, thus affording the economical advantage of a continuous processing run.
  • the process according to this invention can be applied to viscose rayon, acetate rayon, polyamides, polyester and polyurethane filaments and to any other kind of multifilamentary yarns of man-made and synthetic filaments and is adapted to any count of yarn, from 15 deniers to 2,100 deniers, preferably from 30 to 840 deniers and to any tenacity, from 1.5 to 15 deniers per monofilament.
  • the sliding speed should be varied according to the type of the yarn, but the phenomenon of the formation of the false knots takes place at any speed.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are views at right angles to one another illustrating a preferred embodiment of apparatus for forming an essentially non-twisted multifilamentary thread according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings consists in a nozzle 10, two thread guides 11 and 12 and in a member 13 with whose surface 16-which will be called a resting surfacethe sliding thread is in tangential contact.
  • the thread guides 11 and 12 have the shape of a ring open towards the nozzle 10 but can also take the form of a two-pronged fork or any other form permitting maintaining the thread in a rectilinear posture and well centered in front of the nozzle.
  • the opening of the thread guide depends on the count of the thread and should be carefully selected in order not to interfere with the advancement of the thread.
  • the member 13 can have any suitable shape but it is preferred that it has a resting surface 16 with a curvature so smooth as not to jeopardize the thread. It is suggested that the member 13 is a shaped body, and it is preferred that it be convex and cylindrical in shape, with its axis perpendicular to the axis of the thread as well as to the axis of the air stream coming out of the nozzle 10. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, it is formed by a rod of sintered ceramic material having a diameter in the range from 0.5 to 50 mms. and preferably from 1 to 20 mms.
  • the member 13 is placed, away from the nozzle 10, at such a distance from the thread 15 as to come into contact by its surface 16 With the thread at the apex of the deviated path traveled over by the thread when said thread, sliding in the interval between the two thread-guides 11 and 12, is laterally thrust by the air jet.
  • the distance between the nozzle and the thread is dependent on the air jet, the cross-sectional area of the nozzle and the count of the thread and can be varied from 0.5 to 25 mms.; and preferably from 0.6 to 12 mms.
  • the distance between the two thread-guides seems to have no critical meaning. In practice it is comprised between 1 and 20 cms., preferably between 2 and 6 cms.
  • the air pressure is varied from 0.5 atmosphere to 12 atmospheres, preferably from 1.05 atm. to -5 atm.
  • the diameter of the nozzle bore may vary from 0.2 to 2.0 mms. and preferably from 0.5 to 2.0 mms. and the rate of flow of air, which varies according to the crosssectional area of the nozzle and the pressure upstream thereof, varies from 0.68 cu. meter per hour to 3.0 cu.
  • the apparatus described above acts in the following manner: the bundle 15 of substantially parallel filaments is moved downwardly for example in FIG. 1 across the two successive thread guides 11 and 12 which define a rectilinear path parallel to a tangent to the convex surface 16 of the fixed piece 13, and at right angles to the direction of the jet ejected from the nozzle 10.
  • the kinetic energy of the gas jet forces the single filaments of the thread 15 to deviate and some of them to come into sliding contact with the convex surface 16.
  • Example 1 A viscose thread consisting of 48 monofilaments in the course of coagulation is drawn by a pair of skew rollers and subsequently collected, at different speeds; on foraminous aluminum bobbins. Between the feed roller and the collecting bobbins the thread has been thrust by an air jet produced by a nozzle having a diameter of 1 mm., a length of 6 mms. and fed by compressed air at a pressure of 3 kgs./sq. cm. (relative pressure). The axis of the thread (this slid at a speed at 83 meters per min.) was placed at a distance of 22 mms. from the nozzle opening. At the side of the thread away from the nozzle, there was placed a cylindrical body with its axis perpendicular to the axis of the thread, and this body consisted of a rod of sintered ceramic material, having a diameter of 4 mms.
  • the thread collected on the bobbins, after neutralization, desulfurization, bleaching and drying had an appearance similar to that of a thread obtained under the same conditions but without treatment with the air jet.
  • Example 2 A 75 denier acetate rayon thread, formed by 23 parallel monofilaments has been passed, at its exit from the spinning cells, between a nozzle as described in the foregoing and a rod spaced from the nozzle so as to be thrust by the air jet coming out of the nozzle at a pressure of kgs./ sq. cm.
  • the sliding speed of the thread was the one usually adopted for acetate rayon spinning, that is to say: 600 meters per minute, and the thread was fed and collected practically at the same speed.
  • the distance between the thread and the nozzle bore was 5 mms. but this distance could be varied within a relatively wide range.
  • the rod in the example in point, was formed by a rod of sintered ceramic material having a diameter of 5 mms. approximately.
  • the tension of the thread past the nozzle was of about 23 grs.
  • the thread, collected on bobbins, showed, when examined as hereinbefore described, a number of falseknots varying from a minimum of 15 to a maximum of 22 per meter run.
  • the appearance of the thread was absolutely normal, no appreciable modification being ascertainable by the unaided eye.
  • Example 3 A 60 denier, l8 filament nylon 6 (or nylon 66) thread was drawn on a conventional drawing and twisting frame at a speed of say 450 meters per minute with a draft ratio of say 3.47, with the known method of winding the thread between a slow roller and a fast roller.
  • Example 4 The treatment of the thread according to the method of Example 3 permits producing a thread which, when checked with the method described, shows a number of false knots ranging between 38 and 45 false knots per meter.
  • Example 5 A 420 denier, 72 filament nylon 6 (or nylon 66) thread is treated according to the procedure of Example 4.
  • a thread is obtained, which has from 20 to 52 falseknots per meter.
  • a process for producing an essentially non-twisted multifilamentary thread consisting of a plurality of single filaments essentially interlaced with one another comprising conducting a plurality of single filaments across a gap in a free space in front of a convex surface, and directing a jet of pressurized gaseous medium at the filaments so that said jet impinges on said filaments at essentially right angles to their path of travel and in a direction intersecting said surface, whereby the filaments are deviated toward said surface and contact and interlace with each other as they progress across said gap, said surface having a length in the direction of travel of the filaments less than the length of said gap and said surface being so disposed that said jet divides and flows around both sides of said surface.
  • said jet consists of a stream of air ejected from a nozzle at a pressure between 0.5 and 12 atmospheres and the nozzle is spaced from 0.5 to 25 mms. from the filaments.
  • Apparatus for processing multifilamentary material to provide a coherent multifilamentary thread, comprising two spaced longitudinally-aligned guide members between which the filaments travel across the space, a stationary member having a convex surface supported in spaced relation to and behind the path of travel of the filaments from one guide member to the other, and nozzle means disposed in front of said path and connected to a source of pressurized gaseous medium to blow said gaseous medium against the filaments and toward said convex surface as the filaments travel from one guide member to the other, said nozzle means having a bore the axis of which intersects at essentially right angles both said path and said convex surface, whereby said gaseous medium is blown at right angles to said path and to said surface said surface having a length in the direction of said path less than the distance between said guide members and said surface being so disposed relative to said nozzle that the gaseous medium divides and flows around opposite sides of said convex surface.
  • said convex surface is a cylindrical surface of a diameter between 0.5 and 20 mms., and the distance between said thread guides is from 1 to 20 cms.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US257274A 1962-02-19 1963-02-08 Method and apparatus for interlacing synthetic filaments Expired - Lifetime US3238590A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US526630A US3385048A (en) 1963-02-08 1966-02-10 Multifilament yarn

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IT320662 1962-02-19

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US3238590A true US3238590A (en) 1966-03-08

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3329757A (en) * 1963-12-26 1967-07-04 Monsanto Co Method of texturing filament yarn
US3425107A (en) * 1965-10-11 1969-02-04 Kanebo Ltd Apparatus for developing crimps by heating composite filament
US3436798A (en) * 1965-10-09 1969-04-08 Snia Viscosa Treatment of continuous multifilament threads and relative threads having a controllably labile cohesion
US3468114A (en) * 1967-07-13 1969-09-23 Nelson Silk Ltd Method of and apparatus for making an interlaced yarn
US3468113A (en) * 1967-07-13 1969-09-23 Nelson Silk Ltd Interlacing method and apparatus
US3535755A (en) * 1968-01-05 1970-10-27 Eastman Kodak Co Textile apparatus
US5157819A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-27 Basf Corporation Modular yarn interlacer
US5275618A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-01-04 United States Surgical Corporation Jet entangled suture yarn and method for making same

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2313630A (en) * 1939-09-12 1943-03-09 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for producing glass fibers
US2395136A (en) * 1942-01-09 1946-02-19 Du Pont Method and apparatus for yarn processing
US2783609A (en) * 1951-12-14 1957-03-05 Du Pont Bulky continuous filament yarn
CA554150A (en) * 1958-03-11 Courtaulds Limited Treatment of threads
US2909827A (en) * 1956-10-24 1959-10-27 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for handling continuous multifilament strands
US2985995A (en) * 1960-11-08 1961-05-30 Du Pont Compact interlaced yarn
US3110151A (en) * 1961-05-26 1963-11-12 Du Pont Process for producing compact interlaced yarn
US3113366A (en) * 1960-12-12 1963-12-10 Monsanto Chemicals Apparatus for texturizing filaments
US3115691A (en) * 1961-05-31 1963-12-31 Du Pont Apparatus for interlacing multifilament yarn
US3125793A (en) * 1964-03-24 Interlaced yarn by multiple utilization of pressurized gas

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA554150A (en) * 1958-03-11 Courtaulds Limited Treatment of threads
US3125793A (en) * 1964-03-24 Interlaced yarn by multiple utilization of pressurized gas
US2313630A (en) * 1939-09-12 1943-03-09 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for producing glass fibers
US2395136A (en) * 1942-01-09 1946-02-19 Du Pont Method and apparatus for yarn processing
US2783609A (en) * 1951-12-14 1957-03-05 Du Pont Bulky continuous filament yarn
US2909827A (en) * 1956-10-24 1959-10-27 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for handling continuous multifilament strands
US2985995A (en) * 1960-11-08 1961-05-30 Du Pont Compact interlaced yarn
US3113366A (en) * 1960-12-12 1963-12-10 Monsanto Chemicals Apparatus for texturizing filaments
US3110151A (en) * 1961-05-26 1963-11-12 Du Pont Process for producing compact interlaced yarn
US3115691A (en) * 1961-05-31 1963-12-31 Du Pont Apparatus for interlacing multifilament yarn

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3329757A (en) * 1963-12-26 1967-07-04 Monsanto Co Method of texturing filament yarn
US3436798A (en) * 1965-10-09 1969-04-08 Snia Viscosa Treatment of continuous multifilament threads and relative threads having a controllably labile cohesion
US3425107A (en) * 1965-10-11 1969-02-04 Kanebo Ltd Apparatus for developing crimps by heating composite filament
US3468114A (en) * 1967-07-13 1969-09-23 Nelson Silk Ltd Method of and apparatus for making an interlaced yarn
US3468113A (en) * 1967-07-13 1969-09-23 Nelson Silk Ltd Interlacing method and apparatus
US3535755A (en) * 1968-01-05 1970-10-27 Eastman Kodak Co Textile apparatus
US5157819A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-27 Basf Corporation Modular yarn interlacer
US5275618A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-01-04 United States Surgical Corporation Jet entangled suture yarn and method for making same
US5423859A (en) * 1991-11-13 1995-06-13 United States Surgical Corporation Jet entangled suture yarn and method for making same

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Publication number Publication date
DK112752B (da) 1969-01-13

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