US3243327A - Method of making a pressed plate - Google Patents

Method of making a pressed plate Download PDF

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Publication number
US3243327A
US3243327A US194449A US19444962A US3243327A US 3243327 A US3243327 A US 3243327A US 194449 A US194449 A US 194449A US 19444962 A US19444962 A US 19444962A US 3243327 A US3243327 A US 3243327A
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United States
Prior art keywords
plates
compressed
hot
shavings
pressed
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Expired - Lifetime
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US194449A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hoppeler Walter
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Individual
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Publication of US3243327A publication Critical patent/US3243327A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/20—Moulding or pressing characterised by using platen-presses
    • B27N3/203—Moulding or pressing characterised by using platen-presses with heating or cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N7/00—After-treatment, e.g. reducing swelling or shrinkage, surfacing; Protecting the edges of boards against access of humidity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/12—Surface bonding means and/or assembly means with cutting, punching, piercing, severing or tearing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pressed plate and a method of making the same, and more particularly to the type of pressed plates which are produced of wood particles and binder material in plate presses at elevated pressure. The present invention is also concerned with the use of the thus produced pressed plates.
  • pressed plates formed by compression in plate presses customarily were made from Wood particles which had been produced for this purpose, as well as additional wood particles which might have accrued in other manufacturing processes, such as the Wood shavings which accrue in the planing of Wood.
  • Wood shavings which accrue in the planing of Wood.
  • pressed plates were subjected on one or both of their surfaces to a grinding operation, the wood our formed in such grinding operation could not be reused as part of the raw material for producing pressed plates, due to its iineness and the relatively large surface of such wood flour which would require unduly large proportions of binder material and thus would make the production of pressed plates therefrom or partly consisting thereof relatively uneconomical.
  • thermoplastic synthetic resins, softeners, etc. are mixed to the wood particles in pulverulent form and the mixture is then subjected in a suitable press to temperatures of between 150 and 210 C. Waste formed during the nal shaping of the thus produced plates can be reintroduced into the process so that the method can be carried out substantially Without accrual of useless waste products.
  • the present invention contemplates a pressed plate consisting essentially of wood particles and binder material, the plate including a significant portion of pressed shavings formed by planing previously produced pressed plates while the same are maintained at an elevated temperature.
  • the present invention is also concerned with a method of producing pressed plates by hot pressing a mixture consisting essentially of wood particles and hardenable binder material, and particularly with the improvement of such method which consists in planing the freshly pressed plates while still hot, thereby separating pressed shavings from the plates, forming a mixture of Wood particles and hardenable binder material including at least a portion of the pressed shavings, and subjecting the thus formed mixture to hot pressing so as to form pressed plates thereof.
  • the present invention includes in a method of producing pressed plates by hot pressing mixtures consisting essentially of wood particles and hardenable binder material, the improvement which consists in planing the freshly pressed plates while still hot thereby-separating pressed shavings from the plate, forming a first mixture of wood particles and hardenable binder material including at least a portion of the pressed shavings, forming a second mixture of wood particles and hardenable binder material, subjecting the rst and second mixtures in superposed position to hot pressing so as to form pressed plates thereof in such a manner that the first mixture will form at least one face of the thus formed pressed plates, and subjecting the thus formed pressed plates to planing while still in hot condition, allowing the plates to cool, thereafter subjecting at least one face of the planed pressed plates to grinding, and incorporating the ground plate in a plywood structure.
  • the pressed plate according to the present invention has incorporated therein shavings which were produced by planing previously pressed plates while still in hot condition. It is important to note that these shavings were cut from a pressed plate and thus consist of a material which had been subjected to compression.
  • the pressed plates are planed while in warm or hot condition and the thus formed shavings are at least partly recycled so as to be incorporated in the mixture of which the pressed plates or certain portions thereof, such as a core portion or a surface portion, are formed.
  • the present invention is also concerned with the use of pressed plates produced in accordance therewith for the manufacture of plywood.
  • Wood for instance inthe form of logs of 1 meter length is conveyed in any desired manner to endless chain conveyer 1 and passes therefrom to band saw 2.
  • the logs which were cut by band saw 2 to the desired length and which are now in condition to be chipped, are conveyed to rotary drum 3 which is arranged in the vicinity and equidistant of wood chippers 4 and 5. While in rotary drum 3, the better pieces of wood are selected and placed into wood chipper 4 while wood pieces of lesser quality are passed to wood chipper 5.
  • the chips produced in wood chipper 4 will eventually form the surface layer of the pressed plate, while the chips of lesser quality produced in wood chipper 5 will eventually form the core portion of the pressed plate.
  • the thickness of the chips can be varied rby a suitable adjustment of the knives of chippers 4 and 5. The dimensions of the chips are dependent on the distance of the coring knives and the size of the wood portions introduced into chippers 4 and 5.
  • the thickness of the chips which will form the surface layer of a multi-layer plate preferably will be between 0.15 and 0.3 mm. and most preferably about 0.2 mm.
  • the desire'd size of the chips will be determined by a mill through which the chips pass after leaving the chipper.
  • the length and width of the chips depends on the specific chipping and milling conditions, for instance, the chips might have ldimensions so as to permit passage of the same through screens having an aperture of 3 mm., or flat chips of such length and width that their flat pressed plate generally are not subjected to milling after passing the chipper and will retain the average dimensions to which they were comminuted in chipper 5.
  • the thickness of these chips preferably will be between 0.3 and 1 mm. and most preferably about 0.4 mm.
  • the dimension of the chips may vary within very broad ranges, from about 10 X 40 mrn. down to nearly the fineness of sawdust.
  • the average dimensions of the chips for the core layer may be such as to allow passage through a screen of 8 mm. mesh width.
  • the chips After passage through mill 6, which mill might be omitted in line I, the chips are conveyed into the socalled wet hoppers 7.1 From wet hoppers 7, the chips pass continuously and at an even rate over screen 8 having a mesh Width of between 2-4 mm., whereby between about 3 and,10% preferably about 5% of the smallest chips are separated Land withdrawn as fuel material, while the coarser chip portion representing between 90 and 97% thereof are passed through dryer 9. Screen 8 generally is required only in line I.
  • the chips While passing through dryers 9, the chips are dried to a water content of about between 2 and 6%, preferably about 3.5% and thereafter the chips are conveyed to dry chip hoppers 10.
  • Hoppers 10 in which the chips will rest for some length of time will serve to further equalize the moisture content of the chips and in addition will assure continuous operation of the press by holding a reserve quantity of chips which may be used faces, respectively represent an area of about 1 cm?, may v up in case introduction of additional chips into hoppers 10 is interrupted, or the rate of introduction is temporarily reduced to below the Vrate of withdrawal of chips from hopper 10.
  • the chips then pass over scales 11 into mixing devices 12 in which an aqueous suspension of a synthetic resin binder is sprayed onto the chips.
  • This suspension preferably will consist of between 38 and 55% per Weight of pulverulent synthetic binder, the balance being water, and most preferably, the suspension will contain about 50% of pulverulent synthetic resin binder.
  • the amount of dry binder which is thus applied to the chips which are to serve for forming the cover or surfacerlayer of the pressed plate generally will equal between 5 and 15% per weight, in the present case not more than 10% per weight.
  • binder a synthetic-resin cement will be used, e.g. on a base of urea formaldehyde, a phenolic resin or melamine resin.
  • the water of the suspension is absorbed by the dry chips, while the suspended synthetic resin particles will adhere to the surface of the chips.
  • the chips will not become adhesive but will only appear to be somewhat more moist, however, the thus treated chips still form a owable mass.
  • Thechips now pass to distributor 13 and are placed continuously on conveyer sheets 14.
  • the chips fall onto conveyer sheets 14 as a thin veil having a width of for instance 1.75 meters.
  • Several layers of chips are formed on sheets 14, namely first a cover or surface layer 15, then two core layers 16 and 17 and on top thereof again a cover or surface layer 1S.
  • Spacers 19 are interposed between adjacent metal sheets 14. The respective chip type will fall downwardly between adjacent sheets 14 and can then be collected and reused.
  • the loosely poured composite layer on sheets 14 has a bulk or apparent density of between 0.06 gr./crn.3 and 0.25 gr./cm.3, preferably of about 0.15 gr./cm.3, and the sheets with the composite layer thereon pass then over scale 49, and then, one sheet 14 at a time, through press 20 wherein 1Wet hoppers 7 serve t0 equalize the moisture of the wood to between l5 and 75 preferably 40% in weight per unit 0L' completely dry wood.
  • the composite layer of chips is subjected to a pressure of about 3 and 12 atmospheres, preferably 5 atmospheres above atmospheric pressure.
  • the thus preliminarily pressed composite layer of chips is then subjected to further pressure in a heated multilayer press 21 at a pressure above atmospheric pressure of between 5 and 20 atmospheres, preferably between l2 and 16 atmospheres and a temperature of between 120 and 180 C., preferably about 140 C., or in certain cases about 170 C.
  • Pressing is carried out for a period of between 0.3 and 1.0 minute for each millimeter thickness of the crude pressed plates, preferably, pressing per millimeter thickness will last for between 0.4 and 0.6 minute.
  • the thickness of the crude pressed plates will vary between 8 and 80 mm. and thus, for instance in the case of a crude plate having a thickness of 10 mm., pressing might be carried out for about 5 minutes.
  • the crude plates in warm condition are then laterally trimmed to standard widths in contact with automatic circular saw 22.
  • the plates which now will still have a temperature of at least 100 C. are passed directly into planing machines 23 and 24 in which both faces of the plates are planed.
  • the layer which is removed by planing has a thickness of up to 2 mm. and the shavings produced by planing equal between 2 and 12% of the weight of the plate.
  • the shavings may have for instance the following sizes:
  • a turning device 23 is arranged between planing machines 23 and 24.
  • the shavings which accrue during the planning of the hot pressed plate are directly returned to dry chip hoppers 10, preferably to the dry chip hopper 10 associated with line II, i.e. the line through which the chips pass which will eventually form the cover or surface layers of the pressed plate.
  • the pressed plates After passing through planing machine 24, the pressed plates are placed into a temporary storage 25 and allowed to rest there for between 3 and 8 days, preferably for about 5 days, depending on the weight of the plates and the temperature to which the plates were exposed in press 21. Thereafter, both faces of the plate are ground in grinders 26 and 27. Turning device 2S is interposed between the two grinders. Y
  • the grinding of the planed plates will reduce the thickness of the same by between 0.5 and 1 mm., depending on the type of chips forming the surface layers of the plates and the specific weight of the same.
  • any diferences in thickness of the plates must be equalized by grinding and thus it is necessary to grind so as to reduce the total thickness of the plates by between about 1.2 and 2.5 mm., which frequently will be equal to between about 0.1 and 0.14% of the width of the plates.
  • the lines unite into a forming line which passes through rst press or pre-'pressing arrangement 20 and hot press 21 as well as circular saws 22 and planing machines 23 and 24.
  • the plates pass from hot press 21 directly to intermediate storage 25 for cooling, and only after cooling of the plates, the same were laterally trimmed and then ground, whereby the entire material taken off the faces of the plates would accrue in the form of wood ilo-ur or dust substantially suitable only as fuel.
  • the wood shavings which are taken olf the pressed plates in planing machines 23 and 24, are of such quality that they may be used as they are for forming the cover or surface layers ⁇ of subsequently produced plates.
  • the shavings accruing in the planing machines 23 and 24 preferably are conveyed by means of pneumatic conveyer 35 back into dry-chip hopper 10 of line II, i.e. the line for the chips forming the surface layers of the pressed plate.
  • the pneumatically conveyed shavings are separated in centrifugal separator 36.
  • the reuse of the surface layer shavings will represent a saving of wood which usually will amount to between labout 4 and 10% of the total wood consumption, the actual percentage depending on the quality of lthe plates and the thickness of the same.
  • the plates can be produced to very small tolerances :such as il mm. maximum difference between plates.
  • Planing is more precise, quicker and more economic than grinding and lshavings are pneumatically conveyed in a cleaner, better and cheaper manner than grinding-dust.
  • a method of producing compressed plates by hot pressing a mixture consisting essentially of wood particles and pulverulent synthetic binder material
  • the improvement which consists in forming a stream comprising Wood particles and pulverulent synthetic binder material adapted to become actively adhesive when heated to a predetermined elevated temperature; compressing successive portions of said stream While heated to at least said predetermined elevated temperature so as to form hot compressed plates; planing said compressed plates while still hot, thereby removing hot compressed shavings from said plates; and reintroducing at least a portion of said removed ⁇ compressed shavings into said stream comprising Wood particles and binder material before compressing the same so that the compressed plates contain also removed compressed shavings.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US194449A 1961-05-16 1962-05-14 Method of making a pressed plate Expired - Lifetime US3243327A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH42610A DE1194570B (de) 1961-05-16 1961-05-16 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Spanplatten

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3243327A true US3243327A (en) 1966-03-29

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ID=7154920

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US194449A Expired - Lifetime US3243327A (en) 1961-05-16 1962-05-14 Method of making a pressed plate

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3243327A (fr)
AT (1) AT242935B (fr)
BE (1) BE615433A (fr)
CH (1) CH398072A (fr)
DE (1) DE1194570B (fr)
GB (1) GB972868A (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3370997A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-02-27 Hoppeler Walter Method of producing composite plates
US3734988A (en) * 1971-11-08 1973-05-22 Interna Systems Management Cor Use of composted refuse to make construction products
US3813150A (en) * 1972-08-22 1974-05-28 Moharcs Ind Inc Chair with backrest movable up and down and hardware therefor
US3880975A (en) * 1972-01-19 1975-04-29 B Projekt Ingf Ab Continuous hardboard production
US3899559A (en) * 1972-11-24 1975-08-12 Mac Millan Bloedel Research Method of manufacturing waferboard
USRE30636E (en) * 1972-03-24 1981-06-02 Macmillan Bloedel Limited Products of converted lignocellulosic materials
WO1988010184A1 (fr) * 1987-06-23 1988-12-29 Gilbert Guidat Procede et installation de production industrielle d'agregats stabilises
US4883546A (en) * 1986-08-30 1989-11-28 Otto Kunnemeyer Process for the manufacture of wood fiber boards
US20050271872A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-08 Blair Dolinar Variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
US20060099394A1 (en) * 2004-06-01 2006-05-11 Trex Company, Inc. Imprinted wood-plastic composite, apparatus for manufacturing same, and related method of manufacture
US11292151B2 (en) * 2007-10-19 2022-04-05 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Methods for manufacturing boards, and profiled element for manufacturing boards

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1019407A (en) * 1910-12-16 1912-03-05 Gen Bakelite Company Method of uniting objects.
US2697254A (en) * 1950-03-14 1954-12-21 Bruce A Gordon Dry process of manufacturing pressboard
US2743758A (en) * 1950-11-13 1956-05-01 Cascades Plywood Corp Fiber mat forming apparatus and methods
US2912041A (en) * 1954-01-28 1959-11-10 H D Boggs Company Ltd Core compactor
US2925117A (en) * 1960-02-16 Apparatus for making bonded fibrous glass mats
US2947654A (en) * 1956-03-26 1960-08-02 Wood Processes Oregon Ltd Method of manufacturing a composite board product
US2992152A (en) * 1959-09-25 1961-07-11 Chapman Ralph Method of forming a board product

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1097656B (de) * 1959-03-16 1961-01-19 August Moralt Fa Holzwerkstoffplatten, insbesondere Spanplatten aus Holzteilchen und Bindemitteln
CH375888A (de) 1960-02-06 1964-03-15 Mueller Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Spanplatten unter Zuhilfenahme einer Plattenpresse und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2925117A (en) * 1960-02-16 Apparatus for making bonded fibrous glass mats
US1019407A (en) * 1910-12-16 1912-03-05 Gen Bakelite Company Method of uniting objects.
US2697254A (en) * 1950-03-14 1954-12-21 Bruce A Gordon Dry process of manufacturing pressboard
US2743758A (en) * 1950-11-13 1956-05-01 Cascades Plywood Corp Fiber mat forming apparatus and methods
US2912041A (en) * 1954-01-28 1959-11-10 H D Boggs Company Ltd Core compactor
US2947654A (en) * 1956-03-26 1960-08-02 Wood Processes Oregon Ltd Method of manufacturing a composite board product
US2992152A (en) * 1959-09-25 1961-07-11 Chapman Ralph Method of forming a board product

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3370997A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-02-27 Hoppeler Walter Method of producing composite plates
US3734988A (en) * 1971-11-08 1973-05-22 Interna Systems Management Cor Use of composted refuse to make construction products
US3880975A (en) * 1972-01-19 1975-04-29 B Projekt Ingf Ab Continuous hardboard production
USRE30636E (en) * 1972-03-24 1981-06-02 Macmillan Bloedel Limited Products of converted lignocellulosic materials
US3813150A (en) * 1972-08-22 1974-05-28 Moharcs Ind Inc Chair with backrest movable up and down and hardware therefor
US3899559A (en) * 1972-11-24 1975-08-12 Mac Millan Bloedel Research Method of manufacturing waferboard
US4883546A (en) * 1986-08-30 1989-11-28 Otto Kunnemeyer Process for the manufacture of wood fiber boards
FR2619741A1 (fr) * 1987-06-23 1989-03-03 Guidat Gilbert Installation industrielle pour la production en flux continu de parcelles ou particules stabilisees a partir de dechets de bois
WO1988010184A1 (fr) * 1987-06-23 1988-12-29 Gilbert Guidat Procede et installation de production industrielle d'agregats stabilises
US20060099394A1 (en) * 2004-06-01 2006-05-11 Trex Company, Inc. Imprinted wood-plastic composite, apparatus for manufacturing same, and related method of manufacture
US20050271872A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-08 Blair Dolinar Variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
US20050271889A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-08 Blair Dolinar Variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
US20060068215A2 (en) * 2004-06-08 2006-03-30 Trex Company, Inc. Improved variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
US20070087181A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2007-04-19 Trex Company, Inc. Variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
US20070087180A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2007-04-19 Trex Company, Inc. Variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
US7410687B2 (en) 2004-06-08 2008-08-12 Trex Co Inc Variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
US11292151B2 (en) * 2007-10-19 2022-04-05 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Methods for manufacturing boards, and profiled element for manufacturing boards

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE615433A (fr) 1962-09-24
CH398072A (de) 1965-08-31
GB972868A (en) 1964-10-21
AT242935B (de) 1965-10-11
DE1194570B (de) 1965-06-10

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