US3248505A - Heavy duty electrical switch with interruption point in air and magnetic blasting of arc - Google Patents

Heavy duty electrical switch with interruption point in air and magnetic blasting of arc Download PDF

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Publication number
US3248505A
US3248505A US254649A US25464963A US3248505A US 3248505 A US3248505 A US 3248505A US 254649 A US254649 A US 254649A US 25464963 A US25464963 A US 25464963A US 3248505 A US3248505 A US 3248505A
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United States
Prior art keywords
walls
arc
gas
quenching
quenching chamber
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Expired - Lifetime
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US254649A
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English (en)
Inventor
Mayer Albert
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
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Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/341—Barrier plates carrying electrodes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrical switch construction and in particular to electrical switches for breaking heavy power currents and which are operated in air in conjunction with a quenching chamber of insulating material into which the are formed upon disconnection of the switch contacts is driven with the aid of a magnetic field.
  • This magnetic field which serves to blow out the arc can be produced electromagnetically by means of a coil which is traversed by the switching current or it can be produced by using a permanent magnet.
  • the general object of the present invention is to provide an improved construction which avoids the above-noted disadvantages and without having to sacrifice the desirable use of gas-yielding insulating materials for the quenching chamber and narrow chamber apertures at the inlet zone.
  • This objective is obtained, in accordance with the invention, by so constructing the quenching chamber that some of the walls of the chamber are comprised of two different insulating materials, these being arranged respectively in such manner that those wall portions of the quenching chamber located nearer the separable switch contacts, hereinafter called the inflow zone, con-' of division of the quenching chamber.
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 but illustrating a modification wherein partition walls of insulating material are used to sub-divide the quenching chamber into part chambers;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial vertical section of a further modification wherein the desired result is obtained by use of inserts of non-gas-yielding insulation materials in the walls at the inflow zone;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial vertical section of still another modification wherein the desired result is obtained by use of inserts of gas-yielding insulation materials in the walls above the inflow zone.
  • the power switch is seen to include a stationary contact member 1 and a movable contact member 2 adapted to engage and be disengaged from contact member 1, the two contact members 1 and 2 being shown in the disengaged or open position.
  • Contact member 1 is connected to one end of an exciter coil 3 wound on a core 4 of a transversely extending magnetic blow-out structure having a U-shaped configuration, the legs 5 of the magnetic structure extending horizontally and arranged in parallel spaced relation so that the magnetic field produced upon energization of coil 3 as the switch contacts separate passes between the legs 5 across a space which contains a vertical plane through the switch con-. tacts 1, 2.
  • the other end of coil 3 is connected electrically to an arcing horn 6 located at the left side of the quenching chamber established within the outer side walls 7a and outer end walls 712 which define this chamber.
  • One end 6a of arcing horn 6 dips to a point between the legs 5 of the magnetic blow-out structure so as to transfer to it the left end portion 8a of the are from the tip of switch contact member 1.
  • the other end 6b of this arcing horn extends vertically along the inside of the left end wall 7b of the quenching chamber.
  • a second arcing horn 9 is located adjacent the right end wall 7b of the quenching chamber, this horn includ ing a lower end 9a located between the legs 5 of the magnetic blow-out structure so as to transfer to it the right end portion 8110f the are from the tip of switch contact member 2.
  • the other end 9b of this arcing horn extends vertically along the inside of the right wall 7b of the quenching chamber.
  • Arcing horn 9 is also electrically connected to a lower part of switch contact member 2 by a conductive bar 10 in the vicinity of the pivot connection for this contact member, not shown in the drawings. Also not shown are the drive members for effecting engagement and disengagement of the contact members 1, 2.
  • Included within the quenching chamber for the purpose of dividing the interior thereof into a plurality of part chambers are-a plurality of parallel spaced metallic partition members arranged parallel to the chamber walls. These partition members are of two difierent lengths and these are arranged in alternation so that each one of the shorter lengths 11a is located between two of the longer length partition members 11b, and the longer length partition members 11b extend down further in the direction of the leg members 5 than do the shorter length partition members lla.
  • the partial arcs within the part quenching chambers defined between adjacent partition members 11a, 11b, are indicated'by short lines 80.
  • the lower zone designated E is called the inflow zone and reaches to a substantial distance above the lower edges of the partition members 11a, 11b as is clearly evident from FIG. 1, and the upper zone L is called the quenching zone.
  • the partial arcs 8c are seen to be still in the inflow zone E.
  • the insulating wall parts of the quenching chamber are composed of gas-yielding material, while below the quenching zone L, the insulating wall parts of the quenching chamber are composed of non-gas-yielding material.
  • the quenching chamber can be composed of two parts, the lower part including the inflow zone E being of non-gas-yielding insulating material, e. g. a ceramic, and the upper part including the quenching zone L being of gas-yielding insulating material, e.g., a plastic (fiber, acryl glass, and the like).
  • FIG. 4 Another possibility would be to construct the walls of the overall quencring chamber from a non-gas-yielding insulating material and to arrange at only those areas of the quenching zone which are under action of the arc inserts of gas-yielding material. Such an arrangement is illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 operates in the following manner. As contact members 1 and 2 are disengaged under load, the are formed between these contact members will be driven upwardly by the electromagnetically derived motor force through the magnetic field between the plates 5, the ends of the arc being anchored on the horns 6, 9. As the arc reaches the inflow zone E it will be sub-divided by the partition members 11a, 11b into a large number of partial ar-cs 8c. Penetration of the are into the relatively narrow gaps between adjacent partitions 1101, 11b is greatly facilitated by the fact that in this inflow zone, the insulaing walls of the quenching chamber are composed of non-gas-yielding material, the partitions 11a, 11b projecting for a distance within this zone E.
  • the partial arcs 8c will enter the quenching zone L and there they come into intimate contact with the chamber walls which are composed of gas-yielding insulating material and are cooled intensively by these gases, whereby after the current passage through zero, the switch current being of the alternating type, the r e-ignition voltage of the arc will be increased so sharply that under normal operating conditions, no re-ignition of the arc will take place, i.e. the arc will be extinguished in a final manner.
  • the partition walls within the overall quenching chamber are not metal as in FIG. 1, but rather are made from insulating material 12 and these walls divide the interior of the quenching chamber into compartments 13.
  • the partition walls 12 are all of the same length and in order to establish a current connection for the are between adjacent compartments 13, auxiliary U-shaped arcing horns 14 are provided.
  • the leg portions of each horn 14 lie on opposite sides respectively of a corresponding partition wall 14 and hence extend for some distance into the compartments 13.
  • the upper ends or the outermost arcing horn parts 6b and 9b terminate at the same level as the upper endsof the leg portions of the auxiliary arcing horns 14 and all horns terminate Within the inflow zone E.
  • the partial arcs are indicated by loop-like lines 8d.
  • the zigzag lines 8a and 8b designate respectively the parts of the arc drawn between contact member 1 and horn part 6a, and between contact member 2 and horn part 9a. and the quenching zone L are indicated to the right of the figure in the same manner as for the FIG. 1 embodiment.
  • the insulating parts of the quenching chamber and the partitions 12 consist of gasyielding material.
  • the quenching chamber walls and the partition members 12 consist of non-gas-yielding material.
  • the quenching chamber, including its partitions 12 are composed, in the simplest form, in two parts, the upper part, in the quenching zone L being of gas-yielding material, and the lower part, in the inlet zone B, being of nongas yielding material.
  • the quenching chamber can be constructed without any dividing joint as between quenching and inflow zones.
  • the embodiment according to FIG 2 operates in the following manner.
  • the are which is formed upon disconnection of contacts 1, 2 is driven upward and the ends of the are are transferred to the lower arcing horn parts 6a, 9a in the inflow zone E.
  • the partial arcs then forming between the auxiliary connecting horns 14, and between these and the horn parts 611, 9b are then extended into loop form as shown at Sr! and consistute together with the horns 14 a solenoid, in known manner.
  • an electrical power switch comprising a pair of separable switch conacts, a magnetic blowout located above said switch contacts, a quenching chamber located above said magnetic blow-out and into which the arc is driven by said magnetic blow-out upon disconnection of said switch contacts, said quenching chamber being established by parallel spaced outer end walls, parallel spaced outer side walls and parallel spaced inner partition walls located between and parallel with said end Walls, the lower edges of said partition walls terminating at a level above said switch contacts, the surfaces of all of said walls within said quenching chamber in the region of an inflow zone reaching upwardly to a
  • the inflow zone B p level substantially above the lower edges of said partition walls being made only from a non-gas-yielding material so as not to impede penetration of the arc upwardly into said inflow zone, and the surfaces of at least said outer walls within said chamber above the upper boundary of said inflow zone being made from a gas-yielding material.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
US254649A 1962-01-31 1963-01-29 Heavy duty electrical switch with interruption point in air and magnetic blasting of arc Expired - Lifetime US3248505A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH117962A CH394338A (de) 1962-01-31 1962-01-31 Leistungsschalter mit magnetischer Blasung

Publications (1)

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US3248505A true US3248505A (en) 1966-04-26

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US254649A Expired - Lifetime US3248505A (en) 1962-01-31 1963-01-29 Heavy duty electrical switch with interruption point in air and magnetic blasting of arc

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US (1) US3248505A (de)
CH (1) CH394338A (de)
DE (1) DE1161617B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5111008A (en) * 1990-09-13 1992-05-05 Square D Company Effective arc stack/efficient contact carrier
CN107086139A (zh) * 2017-05-10 2017-08-22 平高集团有限公司 一种灭弧装置及使用该灭弧装置的断路器
US20240234043A1 (en) * 2021-05-21 2024-07-11 Socomec Electrical Breaking Module Equipped With A Magnetic Blow-Out Device And Electrical Breaking Apparatus Comprising Such A Module

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE461884B (sv) * 1988-09-14 1990-04-02 Asea Brown Boveri Stroembegraensare

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2243040A (en) * 1939-03-22 1941-05-20 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit interrupter
US2645693A (en) * 1949-09-13 1953-07-14 Fed Electric Prod Co Molded casing for electrical apparatus
FR1113443A (fr) * 1954-10-30 1956-03-29 Comp Generale Electricite Interrupteur basse-tension à rupture dans l'air

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1053067B (de) * 1958-06-26 1959-03-19 Siemens Ag Elektrischer Leistungsschalter mit Loeschkammer
DE1056697B (de) * 1958-06-27 1959-05-06 Siemens Ag Elektrischer Schalter mit Loeschkammer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2243040A (en) * 1939-03-22 1941-05-20 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit interrupter
US2645693A (en) * 1949-09-13 1953-07-14 Fed Electric Prod Co Molded casing for electrical apparatus
FR1113443A (fr) * 1954-10-30 1956-03-29 Comp Generale Electricite Interrupteur basse-tension à rupture dans l'air

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5111008A (en) * 1990-09-13 1992-05-05 Square D Company Effective arc stack/efficient contact carrier
CN107086139A (zh) * 2017-05-10 2017-08-22 平高集团有限公司 一种灭弧装置及使用该灭弧装置的断路器
US20240234043A1 (en) * 2021-05-21 2024-07-11 Socomec Electrical Breaking Module Equipped With A Magnetic Blow-Out Device And Electrical Breaking Apparatus Comprising Such A Module
US12125648B2 (en) * 2021-05-21 2024-10-22 Socomec Electrical breaking module equipped with a magnetic blow-out device and electrical breaking apparatus comprising such a module

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Publication number Publication date
DE1161617B (de) 1964-01-23
CH394338A (de) 1965-06-30

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