US3252481A - Fluid-controlled memory with nondestructive read out - Google Patents

Fluid-controlled memory with nondestructive read out Download PDF

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Publication number
US3252481A
US3252481A US305401A US30540163A US3252481A US 3252481 A US3252481 A US 3252481A US 305401 A US305401 A US 305401A US 30540163 A US30540163 A US 30540163A US 3252481 A US3252481 A US 3252481A
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United States
Prior art keywords
port
fluid
chamber
sense
reed
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US305401A
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English (en)
Inventor
Johann H Meier
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International Business Machines Corp
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International Business Machines Corp
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Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Priority to US305401A priority Critical patent/US3252481A/en
Priority to GB32657/64A priority patent/GB1006992A/en
Priority to DE19641474011 priority patent/DE1474011C/de
Priority to CH1096064A priority patent/CH421578A/de
Priority to NL6409910A priority patent/NL6409910A/xx
Priority to ES0303896A priority patent/ES303896A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3252481A publication Critical patent/US3252481A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15C—FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR CONTROL PURPOSES
    • F15C3/00—Circuit elements having moving parts
    • F15C3/08—Circuit elements having moving parts using reeds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S251/00—Valves and valve actuation
    • Y10S251/901—Curtain type valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86815—Multiple inlet with single outlet

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fluid-controlled devices, and more particularly to a fluid-controlled memory of the non-destructive read out type.
  • Another object is to provide an inexpensive and reliable fluid-controlled memory which requires a minimum of fluid power for writing and reading operations (i.e., for setting of its state'and read out of stored information).
  • Still another object is to provide a fluid-controlled memory that can be set in either of two stable states and reread repeatedly until a SET signal is given to change its state.
  • a further object is to provide a fluid-controlled memory of the above type wherein writing or switching from one state to another is effected by fluid pressure SET signals and reading is effected by fluid pressure SENSE signals.
  • the fluid-controlled memory comprises an elastic member with external or internal constraints so as to be buckled into one or the other of two bistable states. These states are defined by contact with one or the other of two concavely curved in the corresponding output line. However, if the memher is in its other stable state, in which it uncovers the sense port to the atmospheric chamber, then no output signal will be developed in the output line.
  • the chamber is connected to a single sense input line (rather than an atmospheric exhaust port). Depending upon its state, the reed will uncover this input line to one or the other of two sense output lines that open through respective ports formed in the sidewalls of the chamber.
  • set ports open through the sidewalls. These are of relatively high flow capacity so that when they are selectively charged, sufficient fluid pressure force will be developed against the elastic member to buckle it inside out to its other stable state.
  • sensitive pneumatic diodes or check valves are preferably provided to prevent escape flow of fluid from the sense input line out the uncovered set port, while permitting flow in the reverse direction from a source of switching pressure fluid to the set port.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a fluid-controlled memory device constructed according to one embodiment of the invention and shown associated with other schematically denoted elements of a fluid-controlled computer;
  • FIG. 2 is a section of the memory taken along the line 22 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a fluid-controlled memory constructed according to another embodiment of the where the elastic member is specifically a buckled reed,
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a sensitive pneumatic diode capable of use in the memory of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a memory with a valve subject to internal (rather than external) constraints
  • the fluid-controlled memory device constructed according-to this embodiment of the invention comprises a valve in the form of a flexible reed 10 disposed in a cavity or chamber 11.
  • This cavity is defined between plane and parallel front and rear walls and by two oppositely facing concave sidewalls 12, 13 that intersect at upper and lower V-like junctions 14, 15.
  • the distance between the apexes of the junctions is less than the length of the reed 10 so that the reed will be held in a state of endwise compression at the junctions.
  • the reed will be constrained to assume either of two stable states defined by oveilying, substantially sealing contact with a respective sense port 16 or 17 formed in, and substantially midway along the corresponding sidewalls 12, 13.
  • sense input openings 18, 19 lead to the corresponding ports 16, 17 via respective .restrictions or chokes 20, 21; whereas sense output openings 22, 23 have substantially unrestricted communication with the respective ports 16, 17.
  • Set ports 24, 25 open through the sidewalls 12, 13. The size of these ports is suflicient to permit build-up of a fluid pressure force adequate to-initiate shifting of the reed from one stable state'to the opposite stable state.
  • reed 10 In operation, assume that the reed 10 is disposed as shown in FIG. 1; that the cavity 11 is connected to a low pressure source (such as the atmosphere) via an exhaust port 26; and that a fluid pressure sense input signal is supplied via opening 18 through choke 20 to port 16. Under such conditions, the reed 10 will eifectively seal off port 16 from the exhaust port 26, and hence a fluid pressure sense output signal will be produced in sense output opening 22.
  • reed 10 was in 3,252,481 Patented May 24-, 1966 i its sealing position, which we shall arbitrarily assume to denote a binary 1 condition.
  • pressure fluid is supplied to set port 24 via a set opening 27.
  • the second mode (denoted by broken lines) is most important.
  • the reed will continue to move with a snap-action efiect to its opposite stable state, in which it overlies and substantially seals off port 17 from exhaust port 26, while uncovering port 16 to said exhaust port.
  • a fluid pressure sense input signal is now applied to opening 18, no fluid output signal will be noted in output opening 22. This is because port 22 now has unrestricted communication with the exhaust port 26 via the uncovered port 16, and hence all of the pressure fluid of the sense input signal will be dissipated to atmosphere via port 26.
  • a fluidpressure sense output signal will be produced in opening 23 only if the reed seals off port 17. from exhaust port 26 during supply of a fluid pressure sense input signal to opening 19. Resetting of the reed to the position in which it is shown in FIG. 1 is accomplished by supplying a fluid pressure set pulse to a set opening 28.
  • the set ports 24, 25 are preferably located at a point along the sidewalls 12, 13 about onefourth the distance from the junction (or 14). It is in this area where the amplitude of the second buckling mode is at its maximum; and the least force is therefore required tov produce the second mode, for thereby facilitating snapping of the reed to its opposite stable state.
  • the sense ports 16, 17 are located midway 7 along the sidewalls 12, 13. There the amplitude of the second buckling mode is small, and hence the second mode will not be excited by sense signals.
  • the exhaust port 26 is large to promptly vent the pressure fluid supplied via the set opening 27 (or 28) as soon as the reed 10' moves beyond its second mode position and uncovers port 24 (or The large exhaust port 26 also prevents a fluid pressure sense signal from effecting a build-up in pressure in chamber 11.
  • the pressure fluid sense and set signals may be supplied to the sense input openings 18, 19 and to the set openings 27, 28 from any suitable sources.
  • they may be supplied by solenoids or other electrical-to-pneumatic transducers.
  • they may be amplified fluid pressure signals supplied by improved pure fluid amplifiers such as 30, 31 which are of the type fully shown and described in the copending application of R. R. Schaifer, U.S. Serial No. 283,875, filed May 28, 1963 and assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
  • Each such fluid amplifier 30, 31 comprises, briefly, an elongated inlet 32 through which. pressure fluid is supso long as a sense output signal is delivered via opening 22 to a control port 42.
  • amplifiers are associated with the openings 19, 28, and 23.
  • one set of amplifiers like 30, 31, 40, can be disposed between and provide amplified sense input and output signals and set signals for two adjacent memory devices.
  • the reed 10 is relatively wide and yet very thin to provide a large surface to mass ratio. Hence, it can readily be accelerated by the pneumatic pressures employed in pure fluid amplifiers and logic systems.
  • the reed is disposed with a minimum of clearance between the front and rear walls 45, 46 of the chamber 11 so as to minimize leakage around the longi tudinal edges of the reed as it is being shifted from one state to the other by a fluid pressure set signal.
  • the fluid-controlled memory constructed according to this embodiment of the invention differs from that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that fluid pressure sense input signals are supplied via a single port 50 to the reed-containing cavity or chamber 51. Upon supply of a sense input signal to port 50, a fluid pressure sense output signal will be delivered through sense outlet port 52 or 53,
  • a fluid pressure set signal is supplied via set opening 54 or 55, as the case may be.
  • Pneumatic diodes or check valves 56, 57 are preferably interposed between the set openings 54, 55 respectively.
  • check valve 57 prevents a fluid pressure sense input signal from being dissipated by discharge into set opening 55 when said opening is uncovered to the chamber 51 as shown.
  • the structure and operation of this embodiment are similar to that shown and described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2. It may be noted, however, that the sense outlet ports 52, 53' may be located anywhere along the sidewalls of the chamber 51, because fluid pressure will never build up behind these ports and exert a force against the reed.
  • the pneumatic diode shown in this figure may, if desired, be substituted for the conventional type of check valve 56 or 57 illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • This diode comprises a flexible reed 61 disposed in a cavity or chamber 62 so configured that the reed is stable when in contact with one sidewall 63 but unstable when moved toward or to the other sidewall 64.
  • port 65 which would: beconnected to set opening 54 of FIG. 3
  • the, reed will be forced laterally and uncover port 65 to an outlet port 66 (leading to the reed 10 in. FIG. 3).
  • the signal to. port 65v dies, the reed: 61 will return to its stable position inv which it is. shown. in FIG. 4.
  • port 66 and chamber 62 will: force the reed" 61 even tighter against the mouth of port 65 for preventing. backflow leakage into port 65.
  • the fluid-controlled memory constructed according to this embodiment differs from that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 primarily in that the valve is in the form of a flexible prestressed circular diaphragm 70 held under internal (rather than external) constraint.
  • This diaphragm is clamped between two housing portions 71, 72 having facing concavities that cooperate to provide a chamber 73.
  • the concavities are symmetrical and dish-shaped and substantially conform to the configuration of the movable part of the diaphragm when it is in either of two stable positions defined by contact with the surfaces 74, 75 of the respective concavities.
  • the diaphragm 70 is thin enough so that it will develop only very low bending stresses as it is snapped inside out from one of its stable positions to the other.
  • the stifiness of the diaphragm is derived principally from radail and tangential stresses.
  • diaphragm 70 When diaphragm 70 is disposed in the stable position in which it is shown in FIG. 5, it eifectively seals off a sense port 76 from chamber 73. Hence, when a superatmospheric or positive fluid pressure sense input signal is supplied via an opening 77 and through 'a restriction 78 to port 76, a positive fluid pressure sense output signal will be produced in a sense output opening 79 to denote a binary 1 state.
  • a positive fluid pressure sense input signal is now supplied to opening77, a negative output signal will be noted in output opening 79 because the pressure fluid will flow to the atmosphere via an exhaust port 83 and create a suction in opening 79 that will be created by venturi effect since opening 79 is laterally connected to the restriction 78.
  • a positive fluid pressure sense output signal will be produced in an output opening 84 only if diaphragm 70 seals oif port 82 from cavity 73 during a fluid pressure sense input signal applied via a restriction or choke 85 from an input opening 86.
  • a fluid pressure set pulse is supplied via a set opening 87 to a set port 88. After reset of the diaphragm, chamber 73 will be uncovered to atmosphere via an exhaust port 89.
  • the sense output openings 22, 23 and 84 were located downstream of the restrictions 21, 22 and 85, respectively.
  • no appreciable suction was produced in the particular sense output opening (e.g.,'22) when pressure fluid was discharged via the corresponding sense port 16 to the valve chamber 11 under the binary 0 condition.
  • suction can be created in the sense output openings by the venturi effect obtained by connecting such openings (e.g., 79) to the corresponding restriction (rather than downstream of the restriction).
  • Similar pressure sense input signal according to whether thememory element 10 is in a binary 0 or 1 state.
  • Such an arrangement is especially desirable when using fluid amplifier elements of the so-called Diamond Ordnance Fuze Laboratoriesv (DOFL) bistable turbulent attachment type.
  • DOFL Diamond Ordnance Fuze Laboratoriesv
  • a device comprising means providing a chamber, a concavely curved wall in part defining said chamber, and a port formed in said wall,
  • a valve including an elastic member under constraint at opposite edge portions disposed in said chamber and having one position in which it is flexed convexly to overlie the port and seal off the port fromthe chamber, and displaceable to another position in which it is flexed concavely, by a fluid pressure acting directly thereon and exceeding a predetermined value, and in which position it uncovers the port to the chamber, and
  • said means providing a sense input line and a sense output line having fluid communication with said port, the input line being adapted to convey a fluid pressure signal to the port and the flow capacity of said output line being at least equal to that of the input line to prevent such signal from developing a fluid pressure exceeding said value and suflicient to displace said valve from its said one position to its said other position, so as to cause an output pressure signal to be received in said output line only if said valve is in said one position.
  • a device including means providing a set line opening through said wall for conveying a pressure fluid set pulse at a pressure exceeding said predetermined value to the convex side of said valve to develop a force thereagainst suflicient to shift said valve from said one position to said other position.
  • a memory device comprising means providing a chamber open to atmosphere and defined by spaced plane and parallel front and rear walls joined to two oppositely arranged concave surfaces that intersect at two spaced junctions, and a sense port opening through each such surface,
  • valve including a flexible reed disposed in said chamber and held in a state of endwise compression by contact with said junctions and flexible inside out in one direction or the opposite direction so as to assume one or the other of two bistable positions in which it overlies and selectively seals off from atmosphere one or the other of said ports, and
  • each input line being adapted to convey a fluid pressure sense signal to the corresponding sense port and the flow capacity of each sense output line being at least equal to that of the corresponding input line to prevent a sense signal from developing suflicient fluid pressure force to displace said valve from its existing position
  • a device including means providing respective set ports each opening through a corresponding one of said concave surfaces and each of larger flow capacity than the corresponding sense input line for conveying a pressure fluid set pulse to exert a fluid pressure force laterally on the valve, whereby supply of a fluid pressure set signal to the set port then covered by the valve will cause the valve to buckle and snap to its other position and into sealing contact with the opposite sense port.
  • a flexible valve member disposed in said chamber under external constraint by endwise compression and having a stable position in which it is flexed convexly to overlie the ports and seal off the ports from the chamber and movable to another position in which it is flexed at least partially inside out to uncover the ports to the chamber,
  • a device comprising .means providing a chamber, a concavely curved Wall in part defining said chamber and a port formed in said wall,
  • valve including a deformable member under constraint at opposite edge portions disposed in said chamber and having one position in which it is flexed convexly to overlie the port and seal off the port from the chamber, and displaceable to another position in which it is flexed concavely, by a fluid pressure acting directly thereon and exceeding a predetermined value, and in which position it uncovers the port to the chamber, and
  • a device including means providing a set line opening through said wall for conveying a pressure fluid set pulse at a pressure exceeding said preselected value to the convex side of said valve. to develop a force thereagainst sufficient to shift said valve from said one position to said other position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Check Valves (AREA)
  • Accessory Devices And Overall Control Thereof (AREA)
US305401A 1963-08-29 1963-08-29 Fluid-controlled memory with nondestructive read out Expired - Lifetime US3252481A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US305401A US3252481A (en) 1963-08-29 1963-08-29 Fluid-controlled memory with nondestructive read out
GB32657/64A GB1006992A (en) 1963-08-29 1964-08-11 Improvements relating to a fluid-controlled bistable device
DE19641474011 DE1474011C (de) 1963-08-29 1964-08-19 Binarspeicherzelle
CH1096064A CH421578A (de) 1963-08-29 1964-08-21 Hydraulische oder pneumatische Schaltvorrichtung für binäre Informationen
NL6409910A NL6409910A (de) 1963-08-29 1964-08-27
ES0303896A ES303896A1 (es) 1963-08-29 1964-09-09 Un aparato impresor.

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US305401A US3252481A (en) 1963-08-29 1963-08-29 Fluid-controlled memory with nondestructive read out

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US3252481A true US3252481A (en) 1966-05-24

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US (1) US3252481A (de)
CH (1) CH421578A (de)
ES (1) ES303896A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1006992A (de)
NL (1) NL6409910A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3332322A (en) * 1965-02-12 1967-07-25 Robertshaw Controls Co Pneumatic system and parts therefor or the like
US3357441A (en) * 1964-10-05 1967-12-12 Moore Products Co Fluid control apparatus
US3426800A (en) * 1965-10-15 1969-02-11 Bowles Eng Corp Bistable fluid valves
US3467139A (en) * 1967-09-06 1969-09-16 George B Richards Actuator mechanism
US3485258A (en) * 1966-04-14 1969-12-23 Greene Eng Co Bistable fluid device
US3531079A (en) * 1966-04-13 1970-09-29 George B Greene Controlled fluid valve
US3584639A (en) * 1965-06-08 1971-06-15 Gasudarstuenny Nii Orch Polvpr Discrete-operating pneumatic element for logical function
JPS5118586B1 (de) * 1970-08-31 1976-06-10
DE2703283A1 (de) * 1976-02-03 1977-08-18 Smiths Industries Ltd Druckempfindliches diaphragma
US4151230A (en) * 1977-01-25 1979-04-24 Ruckluft Patent Ag. Valves for use in a cooling tower installation
US20080082077A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 David Lloyd Williams System and method for flow rate control

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2176595A (en) * 1985-06-05 1986-12-31 Warner Lambert Co Pressure sensing device

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2039599A (en) * 1932-04-06 1936-05-05 Bendix Aviat Corp Reactionless valve
GB498350A (en) * 1937-12-07 1939-01-06 Trico Products Corp Improvements in or relating to valve mechanism for fluid pressure motors
US2629399A (en) * 1946-10-16 1953-02-24 Kulick George Safety valve for regulating and testing light pressures
US2658972A (en) * 1951-05-23 1953-11-10 Burroughs Adding Machine Co Mechanical bi-stable device
US2688336A (en) * 1950-06-26 1954-09-07 Honeywell Regulator Co Valve
US2838783A (en) * 1955-01-14 1958-06-17 Electrolux Corp Vacuum cleaner nozzle
US2991805A (en) * 1958-01-07 1961-07-11 Royal Mcbee Corp Pneumatic valves
US3094594A (en) * 1958-03-10 1963-06-18 James P Watson Snap acting mechanism
US3151623A (en) * 1962-11-28 1964-10-06 Gen Precision Inc Pneumatic computer element and circuits

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2039599A (en) * 1932-04-06 1936-05-05 Bendix Aviat Corp Reactionless valve
GB498350A (en) * 1937-12-07 1939-01-06 Trico Products Corp Improvements in or relating to valve mechanism for fluid pressure motors
US2629399A (en) * 1946-10-16 1953-02-24 Kulick George Safety valve for regulating and testing light pressures
US2688336A (en) * 1950-06-26 1954-09-07 Honeywell Regulator Co Valve
US2658972A (en) * 1951-05-23 1953-11-10 Burroughs Adding Machine Co Mechanical bi-stable device
US2838783A (en) * 1955-01-14 1958-06-17 Electrolux Corp Vacuum cleaner nozzle
US2991805A (en) * 1958-01-07 1961-07-11 Royal Mcbee Corp Pneumatic valves
US3094594A (en) * 1958-03-10 1963-06-18 James P Watson Snap acting mechanism
US3151623A (en) * 1962-11-28 1964-10-06 Gen Precision Inc Pneumatic computer element and circuits

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3357441A (en) * 1964-10-05 1967-12-12 Moore Products Co Fluid control apparatus
US3332322A (en) * 1965-02-12 1967-07-25 Robertshaw Controls Co Pneumatic system and parts therefor or the like
US3584639A (en) * 1965-06-08 1971-06-15 Gasudarstuenny Nii Orch Polvpr Discrete-operating pneumatic element for logical function
US3426800A (en) * 1965-10-15 1969-02-11 Bowles Eng Corp Bistable fluid valves
US3531079A (en) * 1966-04-13 1970-09-29 George B Greene Controlled fluid valve
US3485258A (en) * 1966-04-14 1969-12-23 Greene Eng Co Bistable fluid device
US3467139A (en) * 1967-09-06 1969-09-16 George B Richards Actuator mechanism
JPS5118586B1 (de) * 1970-08-31 1976-06-10
DE2703283A1 (de) * 1976-02-03 1977-08-18 Smiths Industries Ltd Druckempfindliches diaphragma
US4151230A (en) * 1977-01-25 1979-04-24 Ruckluft Patent Ag. Valves for use in a cooling tower installation
US20080082077A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 David Lloyd Williams System and method for flow rate control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1006992A (en) 1965-10-06
ES303896A1 (es) 1965-02-01
DE1474011A1 (de) 1969-01-09
DE1474011B2 (de) 1972-11-30
CH421578A (de) 1966-09-30
NL6409910A (de) 1965-03-01

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