US3254260A - Electron discharge device for very high frequencies - Google Patents

Electron discharge device for very high frequencies Download PDF

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Publication number
US3254260A
US3254260A US330831A US33083163A US3254260A US 3254260 A US3254260 A US 3254260A US 330831 A US330831 A US 330831A US 33083163 A US33083163 A US 33083163A US 3254260 A US3254260 A US 3254260A
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United States
Prior art keywords
anode
active
grid
cathode
wire grid
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US330831A
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English (en)
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Hendrikus Johannes Marie V Tol
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US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/28—Non-electron-emitting electrodes; Screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/28—Non-electron-emitting electrodes; Screens
    • H01J19/40—Screens for shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/42—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0002—Construction arrangements of electrode systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0012—Constructional arrangements
    • H01J2893/0013—Sealed electrodes

Definitions

  • FIG.2 ELECTRON DISCHARGE DEVICE FOR VERY HIGH FREQUENCIES Filed Dec. 16, 1963
  • My invention relates to an electric discharge device for amplifying high-frequency electrical oscillations and, more particularly, to an electron discharge tube having a very low noise level.
  • the tube For amplifying high-frequency signals, particularly in the first stage of a receiver, the tube should produce very little noise.
  • pentodes or tetrodes are employed, but because there is a screen-grid current, they produce distribution noise due to the distribution of electrons between the screen grid and the anode.
  • a triode is preferred, but it has the disadvantage that there is coupling between the anode .and the grid due to the anode to grid capacity, so that neutralisation is required.
  • This is difiicult to achieve, particularly when tubes must be changed.
  • This disadvantage can be avoided by using two triodes in cascode arrangement, but this solution is, however, expensive.
  • the electrode system comprises a cathode, a grid, an anode and an auxiliary electrode, the anode comprising two halves, each having a depression oriented width as the cathode.
  • These depressions constitute the active anode surface, while on either side between the anode parts and the grid there are arranged U-shaped screens, the free edges of which are located near the active anode parts, approximately in the plane thereof, so'that the anode-to-grid capacity is determined solely by the active parts of the grid and the anode. Since the distance between the active parts of the anode and the grid is small, difficulties may arise in connection with the tolerances of theU-shaped screens. As a consequence, the edges of the screens cannot always be arranged so that the grid-to-anode capacity is at a minimum.
  • the U-shaped screens are replaced by four strips, While the places of the active edges thereof are determined by apertures in insulating centering members so that these edges are located between the edge of the active anode part and the active grid surface.
  • Such apertures may have a very small tolerance
  • the anode-to-grid capacity is approximately reduced by half as compared with that of the tube described in said British patent.
  • the strips must be electrically connected to each other.
  • the strips located on the sameside of the cathode are interconnected beneath a mica centering member so that they are integral with this interconnection, which unit can, subsequent to the mounting of the electrode system, be slipped into gaps in the mica member.
  • the cathode and having approximately the same 3,254,260 Patented May 31, 1966 strips may be integral with a strip-shaped connecting member. Since the active edges are located on 'bent'over parts of the strips, the small tolerance can be obtained by bending.
  • the Wide connecting strip may simultaneously serve as a screening member for the current supply conductors.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a tube according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 isan elevational view of the screens
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an amplifier employing a tube according to the invention.
  • a cathode 1 extending longitudinally of the tube, is surrounded by a grid 2 which is formed by a wire wound tightly on a frame, i.e., a frame grid.
  • Active anode parts 3 are formed by depressions 'of anode plates 4, which depressions form a box with the plates 5 and operate at the same time as cooling vanes.
  • strip-shaped screens 6 are arranged between the anode plates 4 and grid 2, the active edges 7 of which are located between the edges of the active parts 3 of the anode and the active parts of the grid 2.
  • the capacity of the active parts of the grid 2 and the anode parts 3 is approximately half of the value in the case in which the active edges 7 of the screens 6 are co-planar to the anode parts 3.
  • the conventional neutrodynecapacitor 12 can be completely omitted from the arrangement shown in FIG. 3.
  • the electrode system is housed in a glass envelope 8.
  • the width of the anode parts 3 is approximately equal to the width of the cathode 1, so that a narrow electron beam can be used.
  • the place of the edges 7 of the screens 6, arranged practically independently of each other, is determined solely by the end ofa gap in mica centering members (not shown) located near the anode parts 3, between which the electrodes are mounted in a conventional manner, the place of the edges 7 only has the extremely small tolerance at one end of said gap-shaped apertures of the mica members. Since the screens 6 are for-med by slightly kinked strips, the deviations, due to tolerances in respect of the width of said strips and the length of the apertures in the mica members, may occur on the side of the strips and the apertures remote from the edges 7,
  • the distances of the edges 7 from the edge of the anode may, for example, be ,u and from the grid wires, 385 ,u, where the risk of short-circuit is much greater.
  • the width of the active anode part may be 1.2 mm. while the diameter of the grid stay wires may be 0.7 mm., and the diameter of the grid wire may be 8 u.
  • the emissive cathode surface is 1.4 x 5.8 mm.
  • the cathode tube has a cross-section of 0.6 x 1.4 mm. and an overall length of 9.4 mm.
  • the cathode has an emissive layer which is 25 ,u. in thickness.
  • the two anode halves are connected together by wires or narrow strips 9, which, however, have no appreciable influence on the anode-to-grid capacitance.
  • nonactive anode parts may be formed in any other way in order to obtain a satisfactory cooling of the anode.
  • the dimensions and the disposition of the screens 6 may be slightly varied, provided the edge 7 is held at the correct place.
  • An electron discharge device for high frequencies comprising a tube including a cathode of given width, a grid electrode composed of a wire grid substantially surrounding said cathode, an anode structure comprising a section extending substantially parallel to said grid electrode on one side thereof, said anode structure having at least one planar active portion extending integrally therefrom to a position closer to said wire grid than residual inactive positions thereof, said active anode portion having a width substantially equal to the given cathode width, and shield members interposed between said wire grid and the inactive anode portions, each shield member comprising a kinked strip-shaped member having an active portion extending into proximity with said active anode portion and having an edge region between a corresponding edge of said active anode portion and said wire grid where by capacitance between said grid electrode and said anode structure is substantially less than a comparable tube having shields substantially coplanar with the active anode portion.
  • An electron discharge device comprising a tube including a cathode of given width, a grid electrode composed of a wire grid substantially surrounding said cathode, an anode structure comprising a section extending substantially parallel to said grid electrode on one side thereof, said anode structure having at least one planar active portion extending integrally therefrom to a position closer to said wire grid than residual inactive positions thereof, said active anode portion having a width substantially equal to the given cathode width, and shield members interposed between said wire grid and the inactive anode portions, each shield member comprising a kinked strip-shaped member having an active portion extending into proximity with said active anode portion and having an edge region between a corresponding edge of said active anode portion and said wire grid, each of said edge regions being positioned closer to the corresponding edge of said anode than to said wire grid whereby capacitance between said grid electrode and said anode structure is substantially less than a comparable tube having shields substantially coplanar with the active anode portion.
  • An electron discharge device comprising a tube including a cathode of given width, a grid electrode composed of a wire grid substantially surrounding said cathode, an anode structure comprising a section extending substantially parallel to said grid electrode on one side thereof, said anode structure having at least one planar active portion extending integrally therefrom to a position closer to said wire grid than residual inactive positions thereof, said active anode portion having a width substantially equal to the given cathode width, and shield members interposed between said wire grid and the inactive anode portions, each shield member comprising a kinked strip-shaped member having an active portion extending into proximity with said active anode portion and having an edge region between a corresponding edge of said active anode portion and said wire grid, each of said edge regions being located a distance from the corresponding anode edge which is about one third the distance from the grid whereby capacitance between said grid electrode and said anode structure is substantially less than a comparable tube having shields substantially coplanar with the active anode portion.
  • An electron discharge device comprising a tube including a cathode of given width, a grid electrode composed of a wire grid substantially surrounding said cathode, an anode structure comprising two sections extending substantially parallel to each other and to said grid electrode on both sides thereof, said anode structure having planar active portions extending integrally therefrom to a position closer to said wire grid than residual inactive positions thereof, said active anode portions having a width substantially equal to the given cathode width, and four shield'members interposed between said wire grid and the inactive anode portions, each shield member comprising a kinked strip-head member having an active portion extending into proximity with one of said active anode portions and having an edge region between a corresponding edge of said active anode portion and said wire grid whereby capacitance between said grid electrode and said anode structure is substantially less than a comparable tube having shields substantially coplanar with the active anode portion.
  • An electron discharge device comprising a tube including a cathode of given width, a grid electrode composed of a wire grid substantially surrounding said cathode, an anode structure comprising two sections extending substantially parallel to each other and to said grid electrode on both sides thereof, said anode structure having planar active portions extending integrally therefrom opposite said cathode to a position closer to said wire grid than residual inactive positions thereof, said active anode portions having a width substantially equal to the given cathode width, and four shield members interposed between said wire grid and the inactive anode portions, each shield member comprising a kinked strip-shaped member having an active portion extending into proximity with one of said active anode portions and having an edge region between a corresponding edge of said active anode portion and said wire grid, each of said edge regions being positioned closer to the corresponding edge of said anode than to said wire grid whereby capacitance between said grid electrode and said anode structure is substantially less than a comparable tube having shields substantially coplanar with the active an
  • An electron discharge device comprising a tube including a cathode of given width, a grid electrode composed of a wire grid substantially surrounding said cathode, an anode structure comprising two sections extending substantially parallel to each other and to said grid electrode on both sides thereof, said anode structure having at least one planar active portion extending integrally therefrom to a position closer to said wire grid than residual inactive positions thereof, said active anode portions having a width substantially equal to the given cathode width, and four shield members interposed between said wire grid and the inactive anode portions, each shield member comprising a kinked strip-shaped member having an active portion extending into proximity with one of said active portions and having an edge region between a corresponding edge of said active anode portion and said wire grid, each of said edge regions being located a distance from the corresponding anode edge which is about one third the distance from the grid whereby capacitance between said grid electrode and said anode structure is substantially less than a comparable tube having shields substantiallycoplanar with the active anode
  • An electron discharge device comprising a tube including a cathode of given width, a grid electrode 40mposed of a wire grid substantially surrounding said cathode, an anode structure comprising a section extending substantially parallel to said grid electrode on one side thereof, said anode structure having at least one planar active portion extending integrally therefrom to a position closer to said wire grid than residual inactive positions thereof, said active anode portion having a width substantially equal to the given cathode width, said cathode, grid and anode constituting an array, and at least one pair of shield members interposed between said Wire grid and the inactive anode portion, each shield member comprising a kinked strip-shield member having an active portion eX-,
  • An electron discharge device comprising a'tube including a cathode of given width, a grid electrode composed of a wire grid substantially surrounding said cathode, an anode structure comprising two sections extending substantially parallel to each other and said grid electrode on both sides thereof, said anode structure having at least one planar active portion extending integrally therefrom to a position closer to said wire grid than residual inactive positions thereof, said active anode portion having a width substantially equal to the given cathode width, said cathode, grid and anode constituting an array, four shield members interposed between said wire grid and the inactive anode portions, each shield member comprising a kinked strip-shield member having an active portion extending into proximity with one of said active anode portions and having an edge region between a corresponding edge of said active anode portion and said wire grid, each of said edge regions being positioned closer to said anode edge than to said grid whereby capacitance between said grid electrode and said anode structure is substantially less than a comparable tube having shield
  • An electron discharge device comprising a tube including a cathode of given width, a grid electrode composed of a wire grid substantially surrounding said cathode, an anode structure comprising two sections extending substantially parallel to each other and to said grid electrode on one side thereof, said anode structure having planar active portions extending integrally therefrom on opposite sides of said cathode to a position closer to said wire grid than residual inactive positions thereof, said active anode portions having a width substantially equal to the given cathode width, a tubular member for supporting said anode and surrounding said grid and cathode and forming therewith a tubular array, pairs of shield members interposed between said wire grid and the inactive anode portions on opposite sides of the cathode, each shield member comprising a kinked strip-shield member having an active portion extending into proximity with one of said active anode portions and having an edge region between a corresponding edge of said active anode portion and said wire grid whereby capacitance between said grid electrode and said anode
  • An electron discharge device for high frequencies comprising a tube including a cathode of given width, a grid electrode composed of a wire grid substantially surrounding said cathode, an anode structure comprising a section extending substantially parallel to said grid electrode on one side thereof, said anode structure having at least one planar active portion extending integrally therefrom to a position closer to said wire grid than residual inactive positions thereof, said active anode portion having a width substantially equal to the given cathode width, shield members interposed between said Wire grid and the inactive anode portions, each shield member comprising 'a kinked strip-shaped member having an active portion extending into proximity with said active anode portion and having an edge region between a corresponding edge of said active anode portion and said wire grid whereby capacitance between said grid electrode and said anode structure is substantially less than a comparable tube having shields substantially coplanar with the active anode portion, means to apply a high-frequency signal to said grid, means to derive a signal from said anode without

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US330831A 1962-12-27 1963-12-16 Electron discharge device for very high frequencies Expired - Lifetime US3254260A (en)

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NL287234 1962-12-27

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AT (1) AT246288B (es)
CH (1) CH428948A (es)
DK (1) DK103846C (es)
ES (1) ES294820A3 (es)
GB (1) GB986513A (es)
NO (1) NO115484B (es)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3866076A (en) * 1972-12-29 1975-02-11 Philips Corp Electric discharge tube, comprising a highly loaded anode
USRE29390E (en) * 1972-12-29 1977-09-06 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric discharge tube, comprising a highly loaded anode

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE631240C (de) * 1936-06-16 Sueddeutsche Telefon App Kabel Dreielektrodenroehre mit plattenfoermig ausgebildeter Anode
US2460382A (en) * 1946-12-04 1949-02-01 Rca Corp Mount for electron discharge devices
US2599629A (en) * 1948-10-30 1952-06-10 Rca Corp Electron discharge device and associated circuit
US2837673A (en) * 1955-01-17 1958-06-03 Sylvania Electric Prod Frequency converter tube
US2913617A (en) * 1957-03-04 1959-11-17 Gen Electric Electron beam discharge device
US2968742A (en) * 1958-07-25 1961-01-17 Standard Coil Prod Co Inc High efficiency triode vacuum tube

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE631240C (de) * 1936-06-16 Sueddeutsche Telefon App Kabel Dreielektrodenroehre mit plattenfoermig ausgebildeter Anode
US2460382A (en) * 1946-12-04 1949-02-01 Rca Corp Mount for electron discharge devices
US2599629A (en) * 1948-10-30 1952-06-10 Rca Corp Electron discharge device and associated circuit
US2837673A (en) * 1955-01-17 1958-06-03 Sylvania Electric Prod Frequency converter tube
US2913617A (en) * 1957-03-04 1959-11-17 Gen Electric Electron beam discharge device
US2968742A (en) * 1958-07-25 1961-01-17 Standard Coil Prod Co Inc High efficiency triode vacuum tube

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3866076A (en) * 1972-12-29 1975-02-11 Philips Corp Electric discharge tube, comprising a highly loaded anode
USRE29390E (en) * 1972-12-29 1977-09-06 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric discharge tube, comprising a highly loaded anode

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DK103846C (da) 1966-02-28
NO115484B (es) 1968-10-14
GB986513A (en) 1965-03-17
ES294820A3 (es) 1963-10-16
AT246288B (de) 1966-04-12
CH428948A (de) 1967-01-31

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