US3277616A - Roof structure - Google Patents

Roof structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3277616A
US3277616A US222753A US22275362A US3277616A US 3277616 A US3277616 A US 3277616A US 222753 A US222753 A US 222753A US 22275362 A US22275362 A US 22275362A US 3277616 A US3277616 A US 3277616A
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United States
Prior art keywords
edge portion
rim
sheet member
roof
inner edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US222753A
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English (en)
Inventor
Koss Kurt
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US3277616A publication Critical patent/US3277616A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/14—Suspended roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/04—Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
    • E04D13/0404—Drainage on the roof surface
    • E04D13/0481—Drainage guiding provisions, e.g. deflectors or stimulation by inclined surfaces

Definitions

  • a roof structure having load-carrying sheet member which has a shape between that of a cone and a trough and defines a developable surface, that is, a surface that may be imagined flattened out, without stretching any element, upon a plane (Webster, Unabridged, 2nd ed.).
  • the sheet member is fixedly fastened to a rim structure in conforming engagement on the eaves level of the building and is always under tensile stress in all directions by being loaded in the downward direction at the center of the roof in addition to its own weight.
  • the carrying structure is formed virtually entirely by a conical shell, which is stressed in tension and consists of sheet metal, which may be stiffened, and which forms at the same time the skin of the roof.
  • the present roof structure provides a suspended roof. With suspended roofs, the most essential problem is to obtain a small weight of the structure while providing for an adequate stability against wind suction forces.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary, elevationally sectional view showing a hall having a round or polygonal plan outline
  • FIG. 2 is also a sectional view showing a modified construction of the roof center.
  • FIGS. 3a, 4a, 5a are plan views
  • FIGS. 3b, 4b, 5b are elevational views of suspended roofs based on the same principle and formed by combinations of conical surfaces and planes.
  • an appropriate number of supports 1, of which only two are shown, are disposed around the periphery of a circle and carry an annular rim structure 2, from which the conical load bearing shell 3 extends inwardly and downwardly. It consists of a sheet metal skin having a central portion from which a carrying structure 4 is suspended whereas the peripheral edge is anchored in a suitable manner in the rim structure to resist tension. The arangement is such that the carrying system is stressed in tension.
  • a loading mass constituted by a crane 5 having a crab 6, is suspended by means of the carrying structure 4 from the center of the roof.
  • the bridge of the crane is rotatable about a central pivot 4a and its other end is guided by running gear 7 on a crane track 8 extending around the hall.
  • a pipeline 9 serves for draining the roof.
  • rim structure 2 stressed mainly in compression need not be exactly circular but the requirements of the invention will also be complied with if this ring is a polygon which approximates a circle.
  • the supports 1 may be spaced any desired distance apart.
  • the stress obtained at the center of the roof by the weight of the loading mass not only affords protection against wind suction forces but also braces the rim structure in the manner similar to the bracing of the rim of a wheel by spokes.
  • the rim structure in conjunction with the pre-stressed roof skin can take up "ice also horizontal stresses in the gutter plane without substantial deformation.
  • the amount of building material required for such a roof is very small, particularly when the roof consists of sheet metal (sheets having a thickness of a few millimeters may be used for roofs about 50 meters in diameter and may simply be joined by butt-welding).
  • the central draining is an additional advantage because the gutters are eliminated.
  • the access aiforded to all parts of a shed having a circular plan outline by means of a crane is much more satisfactory than in sheds having a rectangular cross-section and makes the shed suitable for industrial purposes, storage, work-shops, hangers and the like.
  • FIG. 2 An example of such an ar rangement is shown in FIG. 2 having a carrying structure 4 and a carrying system 3 stressed in tension as described above.
  • a weight 12 is suspended by means of a tube 10 and braces 11 from the center of the roof and normally rests at least partly in a foundation pit 13, but is lifted when large wind forces apply suction forces to the roof which is drained through the tube 10.
  • this invention is applicable to structures of iron, timber, concrete or a combination of materials, and glazed light openings may be provided in the root surface without difliculty.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b respectively show a modified roof structure of the invention in top plan view and in fragmentary elevation.
  • the rim of the roof is formed by a compression ring 15 of oblong shape having two semicircular portions connected by straight portions.
  • the outer peripheral edge of a sheet-metal member 16 conformingly engages the rim 15 and is fixedly fastened thereto.
  • the rim 15 is held at a fixed level above ground by columns 18 spaced about its circumference, only two columns 18 being shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the inner oblongly annular edge portion of the sheet metal member 16 is parallel and concentric with the outer edge and spaced from the latter in a direction which is downward and toward the upright axis of the loop defined by either edge.
  • a loading mass 17, not shown in detail, is suspended from and downwardly biases the inner edge of the sheetmetal member 16, and thereby holds the latter in a state of tension while its outer edge portion is held at the fixed level of the rim 15 by its engagement with the same.
  • the sheet-metal member or shell 16 has two conical parts 16a in conforming engagement with the arcuate portions of the rim 1'5, and two plane portions 16b which connect the conical portions 16a and depend from the straight portions of the rim.
  • the plane roof portions extending between the conical shell portions in the direction of the generatrices of the cone are prestressed in one direction by a part of the loading mass and in the other direction by the transmission of the annular stresses of the conical shell portions so that the plane portions are also stressed in tension in all directions.
  • the rim 20 of the roof structure shown in FIGS. 4a, 4b has three equal arcuate portions 20a, each extending over and three equal straight portions 20b interposed between the arcuate portions.
  • the sheet-metal member 21 which is attached to the rim 20 as described above has an inner edge hav- 3 ing the shape of an equilateral triangle with rounded corners, and has a loading mass 22 suspended therefrom, the rim 20 with the sheet metal member 21 and the mass 22 being supported on columns 2-3.
  • the roof structure shown in FIGS. a, 5b in plan view and elevation respectively has a rim 25 with four 90 arcuate portions, and four straight portions, and a sheet metal member 26 whose outer peripheral edge portion is conformingly engaged by the rim 25.
  • the inner edge of the sheet metal member 26 is approximately square, and forms the sole support of a loading mass 27, the roof being supported on columns 28.
  • a roof structure comprising, in combination:
  • a load bearing sheet member having an annular outer peripheral edge portion conformingly engaging said rim member and fixedly fastened thereto, and an annular inner edge portion spaced from said rim member downwardly and toward said axis, said inner edge portion being concentric with said outer edge portion, and said sheet member being supported solely by the fixed fastening of said outer edge portion to said rim member;
  • tensioning means downwardly biasing said inner edge portion and thereby holding said sheet member in a tensioned state while said outer peripheral edge portion thereof is held at said fixed level by said engagement thereof with said rim member, said tensioning means essentially consisting of a loading mass suspended from said inner edge portion, said sheet member defining a developable surface extending between said edge portions thereof when said sheet member is in said tensio-ned state.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Leg Units, Guards, And Driving Tracks Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)
US222753A 1961-09-04 1962-08-29 Roof structure Expired - Lifetime US3277616A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT674261A AT245211B (de) 1961-09-04 1961-09-04 Dachkonstruktion von kreisförmiger oder kreisähnlicher Grundrißform

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3277616A true US3277616A (en) 1966-10-11

Family

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US222753A Expired - Lifetime US3277616A (en) 1961-09-04 1962-08-29 Roof structure

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US (1) US3277616A (de)
AT (1) AT245211B (de)
GB (1) GB1013788A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3336704A (en) * 1964-12-15 1967-08-22 Wallace A Clay Sheet web roof structure with underlying and overlying constraining wires
US3389513A (en) * 1966-07-07 1968-06-25 Donald H. Ruggles Structural panels and structures containing such panels
US3461626A (en) * 1966-12-07 1969-08-19 Instant Structures Inc Hinged,collapsible,structural cover
US3468087A (en) * 1967-09-29 1969-09-23 Floyd S Stancliffe Building structure
US3601936A (en) * 1967-12-08 1971-08-31 Johan George Schmidt Roof element
US20080095573A1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2008-04-24 Hewett Frank W Joining system for tubular members
US20120131866A1 (en) * 2009-05-26 2012-05-31 Bernard Batut Parking shelter provided with photovoltaic solar panels

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2694031B1 (fr) * 1992-07-27 1995-01-20 Rocco Bernard Couverture à structure métallique anti-sismique et anti-cyclonique.

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE568873A (de) * 1953-11-07
NL71478C (de) *
US772957A (en) * 1903-07-20 1904-10-25 William J Patterson Coal-storage plant.
US1161115A (en) * 1913-10-09 1915-11-23 George S Duffin Silo-roof construction.
CH146466A (de) * 1929-07-10 1931-04-30 Junkers Hugo Netzwerkgebäude.
US2073358A (en) * 1935-03-22 1937-03-09 James B Williamson Self-supporting tank roof
CH235247A (de) * 1942-04-10 1944-11-30 Peter Emil Verfahren zur Herstellung eines vorgespannten Stahlbetonbauteiles.
US2411651A (en) * 1942-01-24 1946-11-26 William D Darby Catenary rooflike construction and method of forming it
US2805631A (en) * 1956-09-17 1957-09-10 John H Wiggins Suspension roof structure for storage tanks
FR1151949A (fr) * 1955-06-28 1958-02-07 Preload Co Construction de toit
FR1249399A (fr) * 1959-11-14 1960-12-30 Château d'eau à cuve métallique
US3075657A (en) * 1959-09-21 1963-01-29 Rockwood & Co Silage handling apparatus

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL71478C (de) *
US772957A (en) * 1903-07-20 1904-10-25 William J Patterson Coal-storage plant.
US1161115A (en) * 1913-10-09 1915-11-23 George S Duffin Silo-roof construction.
CH146466A (de) * 1929-07-10 1931-04-30 Junkers Hugo Netzwerkgebäude.
US2073358A (en) * 1935-03-22 1937-03-09 James B Williamson Self-supporting tank roof
US2411651A (en) * 1942-01-24 1946-11-26 William D Darby Catenary rooflike construction and method of forming it
CH235247A (de) * 1942-04-10 1944-11-30 Peter Emil Verfahren zur Herstellung eines vorgespannten Stahlbetonbauteiles.
BE568873A (de) * 1953-11-07
FR1151949A (fr) * 1955-06-28 1958-02-07 Preload Co Construction de toit
US2805631A (en) * 1956-09-17 1957-09-10 John H Wiggins Suspension roof structure for storage tanks
US3075657A (en) * 1959-09-21 1963-01-29 Rockwood & Co Silage handling apparatus
FR1249399A (fr) * 1959-11-14 1960-12-30 Château d'eau à cuve métallique

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3336704A (en) * 1964-12-15 1967-08-22 Wallace A Clay Sheet web roof structure with underlying and overlying constraining wires
US3389513A (en) * 1966-07-07 1968-06-25 Donald H. Ruggles Structural panels and structures containing such panels
US3461626A (en) * 1966-12-07 1969-08-19 Instant Structures Inc Hinged,collapsible,structural cover
US3468087A (en) * 1967-09-29 1969-09-23 Floyd S Stancliffe Building structure
US3601936A (en) * 1967-12-08 1971-08-31 Johan George Schmidt Roof element
US20080095573A1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2008-04-24 Hewett Frank W Joining system for tubular members
US20120131866A1 (en) * 2009-05-26 2012-05-31 Bernard Batut Parking shelter provided with photovoltaic solar panels
US8607512B2 (en) * 2009-05-26 2013-12-17 Art' ur SARL Parking shelter provided with photovoltaic solar panels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1013788A (en) 1965-12-22
AT245211B (de) 1966-02-25
DE1409922A1 (de) 1969-04-24

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