Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
  • H10N60/80—Constructional details
  • H10N60/85—Superconducting active materials
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C16/00—Alloys based on zirconium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
  • C22C27/02—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S420/00—Alloys or metallic compositions
  • Y10S420/901—Superconductive
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
  • Y10S505/80—Material per se process of making same
  • Y10S505/801—Composition
  • Y10S505/805—Alloy or metallic
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
  • Y10S505/80—Material per se process of making same
  • Y10S505/801—Composition
  • Y10S505/805—Alloy or metallic
  • Y10S505/806—Niobium base, Nb
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
  • Y10S505/80—Material per se process of making same
  • Y10S505/815—Process of making per se

Definitions

• This invention relates to the preparation of superconductive alloys and in particular comprises a method to improve cryogenic properties of superconductive alloys as well as to provide novel superconductive alloys.
• a further object of the invention is to provide a method in accordance with the foregoing object in which fabrication problems are not complicated and there result superconductive materials having improved cryogenic properties.
• Another object of the invention is to provide new superconductive materials.
• the invention can be practiced with superconductive alloys and compounds generally.
• This includes alloys and compounds of superconducting, exothermic, hydrogen occluding elements. These elements are in two groups.
• the first group includes titanium, vanadium, niobium, zirconium, lanthanum, tantalum, thorium and uranium, while the second group includes aluminum, zinc, gallium, cadmium, indium, tin, mercury, thallium and lead.
• the compounds and alloys can be composed of 1) any two or more elements of the first group, or (2) one or more elements of the first group with any one or more elements of the second group.
• the preferred superconductive materials with which the invention can be practiced are the zirconium-niobium alloys in which zirconium may range from about to 65, and preferably to 50, weight percent, and the bimetallic compound of niobium and tin,
• hydrogen is added to superconductive material by electrolytically liberating it on the superconductor while the latter is a cathode in an electrolytic system. Accordingly, an electrolyte that liberates hydrogen upon electrolysis is required.
• Any hydrogen liberating electrolyte is operative in the invention, but it is preferred to use aqueous mineral acid solutions of, for example, hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and mixtures thereof.
• an aqueous electrolyte having an acid concentration within the range of about 5 to 25 weight percent is used.
• the usual parameters in electrolysis such as the electrolyte constitution and concentration, current density and the like, vary the effectiveness of the hydrogen charging process and are not independently critical.
• cathodic charging is limited by embrittlement of the superconductive cathode from hydrogen occlusion. That, of course, is a practical limitation rather than a limitation affecting operability.
• cathodic charging is conducted sufficiently to cause a volume increase in the superconductor being treated of about 5 to 15 percent or more, based on the original volume. It is to be noted that the volume change adds considerably to the plastic deformation of the matrix. While reference 'has been made above to the hydrogen addition as being an occlusion phenomenon, it should be understood that this has been done for purposes of discussion and our invention is not to be limited by any theory regarding the, nature of the hydrogen retention. Whatever the manner by which the hydrogen is held, there result new superconductive materials composed of hydrogen and the two metals. These materials are stable at ordinary conditions and it is expected that stability will be retained for a number of years.
• An 0.010 inch diameter cold drawn Wire having a composition, by weight, of 25 percent zirconium and the remainder niobium was used.
• This Wire was connected as a cathode to a DC. power source and placed in an electrolyte formed from a concentrated acid mixture of, by weight, 1 part of hydrofluoric acid, 3 parts of nitric acid and 5 parts of sulfuric acid, the acid mixture having been diluted with Water to a 10 weight percent solution.
• a platinum electrode was :used as the anode.
• the cathode was then hydrogen charged in accordance with this invention by passing current through the cell at a current density, measured at the cathode, of 1 ampereper square centimeter.
• a method of improving the cryogenic properties of superconductive materials comprising electrolytically liberating hydrogen on said superconductive material while said material is disposed as a cathode in a hydrogen liberating electrolyte, the said superconductive material being composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium, niobium, zirconium, lanthanum, tantalum, thorium and uranium and one diflerent member of the group consisting of each of the members of the foregoing group and aluminum, zinc, gallium, cadmium, indium, tin, mercury, thallium and lead, and recovering the resulting hydrogen occluding superconductive material.
• a method of improving the cryogenic properties of superconductive materials comprising electrolytically liberating hydrogen on said superconductive material while said material is disposed as a cathode in a hydrogen liberating electrolyte, said superconductive material comprising an alloy of 10 to weight percent zirconium and the remainder niobium, and recovering the resulting hydrogen occluding superconductive alloy.
• a new superconductor comprising hydrogen and a zirconium-niobium alloy in which the zirconium is present to an amount of 15 to 60 weight percent of the alloy, the hydrogen being present in an amount sutficient to provide a volume in the superconductor of about 5 to 15 percent greater than that of the Zirconium-niobium alloy free from the hydrogen.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
• Superconductor Devices And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
• Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Priority Applications (8)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=23210862

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1963
  • 1963-09-30 US US312309A patent/US3294529A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1964
  • 1964-08-11 GB GB32679/64A patent/GB1034546A/en not_active Expired
  • 1964-09-01 DE DEW37495A patent/DE1279331B/de active Pending
  • 1964-09-08 CH CH1171064A patent/CH413019A/de unknown
  • 1964-09-11 ES ES0303961A patent/ES303961A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1964-09-23 BE BE653466A patent/BE653466A/xx unknown
  • 1964-09-30 JP JP39055285A patent/JPS5116756B1/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (1)

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