US3307227A - Method and apparatus for cleaning cotton - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for cleaning cotton Download PDF

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Publication number
US3307227A
US3307227A US449118A US44911865A US3307227A US 3307227 A US3307227 A US 3307227A US 449118 A US449118 A US 449118A US 44911865 A US44911865 A US 44911865A US 3307227 A US3307227 A US 3307227A
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United States
Prior art keywords
web
rolls
cotton
pair
fluted
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US449118A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr Morris M Bryan
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Jefferson Mills Inc
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Jefferson Mills Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Jefferson Mills Inc filed Critical Jefferson Mills Inc
Priority to US449118A priority Critical patent/US3307227A/en
Priority to GB33141/65A priority patent/GB1091111A/en
Priority to CH342766A priority patent/CH451760A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3307227A publication Critical patent/US3307227A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and apparatus for cleaning cotton fibers, and is more particularly related to a method and apparatus for simultaneously vibrating and drawing out a web of cotton fibers as an intermediate step in a cotton treating process to remove dirt and undesirable short fibers from the mass of cotton and orient the fibers.
  • this invention discloses cleaning cotton fibers in a wholly new manner in a cotton treating process which comprises vibrating cotton in the form of a web, to shake debris and short cotton fibers away from the web, stretching or drawing out the web as it is vibrated and sucking the debris and short fibers vibrated from the web from the vicinity of the web.
  • the web is vibrated in a direction perpendicular to its plane and stretched longitudinally of its path of travel in the process so that the forces exerted thereon by the vibrations tend to cause the debris and short cotton fibers throughout the length and width of the vibrated span of the web to be propel-led away from the web. If the initial vibration does not function to immediately loosen the debris and short fibers, subsequent vibrations and gradual drawing out of the fibers will tend to work the short fibers and debris loose from the web so that they will be subsequently discharged from the web.
  • the present invention involves the use of fluted rolls arranged in pairs and with the fluted rolls of each pair being closely associated with each other so that the rotation thereof causes the lands or teeth of one fluted roll to mesh with the lands or teeth of another fiuted roll.
  • the cotton web is passed between a pair of fluted rolls and the land or tooth of one fluted roll causes the web of cotton to be received in the groove of the opposite fluted roll so that rapid rotation of the pair of fluted rolls causes the web of cotton to vibrate rapidly as it enters and exits the pair of fluted rolls.
  • each succeeding pair of fluted rolls rotates at a faster rate so that the cotton web is drawn out to become progressively thinner between the pairs of fluted rolls.
  • the drawing out and vibrating of the web atthis stage improves the quality of the web so that when it is run through the trumpet in the process, a sliver is formed that requires less drawing out to align and clean the fibers to meet the standards of Superior Carded Yarn, and to qualify as Combed Yarn the combing process can even be eliminated.
  • the web acted on by the rolls contains separately disentangled fibers very loosely tied together and it can easily be seen that the drafting or stretchingaction of the fluted rolls acts on each of the individual fibers, the result being that many more of the fibers lie parallel than is the case when bulky masses of fibers such as slivers are drafted cr stretched. Tests show that subsequent drawing frame operations for the purpose of parallelization can be substantially reduced or even eliminated in processing cotton treated by this invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of the typical type apparatus in which this invention can be utilized;
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational view, in cross section, of two adjacent pairs of fluted rolls, showing how the rolls act on the cotton web;
  • FIG. 3 is an end View of the bearings for the pairs of fluted rolls, showing the drive means
  • FIG. 4 is an end view of the bearings for the pairs of fluted rolls from the side opposite from FIG. 3, showing the method of synchronizing the fluted roils of each pair.
  • a systemin which the present invention may be used comprises a lickerin 10, a carding cylinder 12, flats 14, a doffer 15, a comb 16, an air suction device 17, a series of fluted drafting rolls 18, a trumpet 19, a pair of calender rolls 20, and a barrel 21.
  • the cotton from the bale (not shown) is fed to the lickerin 1t and passed by the lickerin to the carding cylinder 12 and its flats 14 in a conventional manner.
  • the doifer 15 retrieves the cotton web 25 from the carding cylinder 12 and feeds it to the drafting rolls 18 where it is cleaned and drawn out, and the air suction device 17 removes most of the short cotton fibers and light debris vibrated from the web, while some short fibers and the heavier debris fall to the floor.
  • the cotton web 25 is pulled into the plurality of fluted drafting rolls by the first pair of fluted drafting rolls 22 and 23.
  • the fluted drafting rolls are slightly wider than the web 25 and each have a series of lands or teeth 28 and 24, respectively, and grooves 29 evenly spaced around their circumferences.
  • the fluted rolls of each pair are arranged so that when the rolls are rotated, they will be rotated in opposite directions so that the teeth of one roll will pass between the teeth of its opposite roll, within the grooves thereof.
  • the teeth and grooves of one roll do not come into contact with the teeth and grooves of the opposite roll.
  • the fluted roll 22 rotates in a counterclockwise direction while the fluted roll 23 rotates in a clockwise direction.
  • the teeth 24 of the roll 23 pass between the teeth 28 of the roll 22 such that the grooves 29 of the roll 22 receive the teeth 28.
  • the cotton web 25 would be forced to take a circuitous path when passing between the rolls 22 and 23, and the circuitous path together with the action of the closely disposed fluted drafting rolls causes the cotton web to be drawn into the rolls by the rotation thereof due to the frictional engagement of the rolls 22 and 23 with the cotton web 25.
  • the cotton web 25 passes between the rolls 22 and 23, it is fed to a subsequent pair of rolls, such as rolls 26 and 27, which are substantially identical to the first pair of rolls 22 and 23.
  • the function of the second pair of rolls 26 and 27 is the same as the function of the first pair of rolls 22 and 23 in that the cotton web 25 is drawn into the rolls due to the frictional contact of rolls 26 and 27 with the cotton web 25.
  • the teeth of one roll mesh with the teeth of its opposite roll, as exemplified by tooth 28b, in such a manner that, when the tooth 28b reaches a point where it is exactly between the two fluted rolls 22 and 23, it deeply penetrates the groove 29 between the teeth 24a and 24b of the fluted drafting roll 23.
  • the cotton web is initially drawn between the fluted drafting rolls, it remains in its initial state as it is first engaged between the teeth as shown at 30, however, as the teeth penetrate more deeply into the grooves, the cotton web is progressively stretched as shown at 31, until the teeth are exactly between the fluted rolls, whereupon the cotton web is stretched to its furthest extent as shown at 32.
  • the tension imparted to the drawn cotton web is somewhat relieved and the cotton web leaves the pair of fluted drafting rolls in a somewhat elongated condition.
  • each of the fluted drafting rolls rotates on an axle 35 which is mounted in bearings 36.
  • the bearings 36 are disposed so that the axles 35 are parallel with one another and means (not shown) are provided for making small adjustments to the axles to maintain the axles of each pair of rolls in an exact parallel disposition and to maintain the rolls of each pair at a prescribed distance from each other.
  • the lower axle of each pair of rolls has a pulley, such as pulleys 38, 39 and 40, attached thereto.
  • Pulley 39 is slightly larger than pulley 38
  • pulley 49 is slightly larger than pulley 39.
  • Each of the pulleys is driven by a common driving belt 44, of the type generally referred to as a timing belt, so that a pre-determined relationship between the driven pulleys can be maintained.
  • the pulley 38 Since the pulley 38 is smaller in diameter than the pulley 39, it can be seen that the belt 44 driven by the pulley 38 will cause the pulley 39 to rotate at a slower rate of speed than the pulley 38. Similarly, the pulley 40 will be driven at a slower rate of speed then the pulley 39. Accordingly, the fluted drafting rolls driven by each of the pulleys will be driven at a rate of speed corresponding to the rate of speed of its driving pulley.
  • each sue ceeding pair of fluted drafting rolls is driven at a higher rate of speed than its preceding pair, such that the cotton web is received at a higher rate of speed as it passes through the plurality of fluted drafting rolls 18.
  • An idler pulley 37 is positioned between the pulleys 38 and 39 so that it bears on the timing belt 44 and insures that the timing belt 44 frictionally engages the pulley 39.
  • the fluted drafting rolls each have a portion of their ends 45 and 46 beyond the edges of the web coated with chromium steel so that a uniform layer of chrome is present on all the teeth ofv the rolls.
  • the coated portion of the rolls of a pair of rolls will contact each other when the teeth of the rolls mesh with each other so that the coated teeth will maintain the uncoated teeth in an exact spaced relationship.
  • the uncoated portion of the fluted draft- 111g rolls of each pair of rolls will be arranged so that the teeth of one roll will always project into the grooves of 1ts opposite roll without contacting the teeth of the opposite roll so that a predetermined space is maintained between the rolls at all times.
  • the rolls can be formed with the flutes larger at their ends or external gears can be used.
  • the teeth of the rolls cause certain vibratory movement in the cotton web.
  • the tooth 28d is withdrawn from its related groove, the cotton web is allowed to be drawn by the subsequent pair of fluted drafting rolls so that it is supported by the tooth 240 of the fluted drafting roll 23.
  • the tooth that is last to engage the span of the web that is leaving a pair of fluted rolls, and the tooth that is first to engage said span entering the next pair of fluted rolls impart their velocity characteristics to that end portion of the span engaging each tooth thus creating a vibration of the span.
  • the tooth 240 Since the tooth 240 is traveling in a generally downward movement in its clockwise rotation, it can be seen that as long as that tooth supports the cotton web, it will have a downward component of velocity. However, when tooth 240 no longer engages the cotton web, the tooth 280 will impart its velocity characteristics to the cotton web, and since its counterclockwise rotation has a component of velocity which is directed upward, the cotton web will accordingly have an upward component of velocity. Since the cotton web 25 follows generally the velocity characteristics of the teeth of the engaging fluted rolls, it can be seen that a vibratory motion will be imparted to the cotton web on either side of the pairs of the rolls. This vibratory motion is desirable in that any dirt remaining in the cotton web at this point will be vibrated out of the web.
  • the intermeshing teeth of the rolls receive the web and force it down into the grooves 29 between the teeth.
  • the frictional engagement of the teeth with the web causes the web to be stretched or drawn out so that the dirt enmeshed in the Web will tend to separate from the fibers.
  • a vibratory motion is imparted to the span of web between the first pair of rolls and the second pair of rolls by the teeth of the first pair of rolls disengaging the web 25 and also by the teeth of the second pair of rolls engaging said web.
  • the vibratory motion set up in the web causes the dirt drawn out between the first pair of rolls to be separated from the mass of the web during its span between the pairs of rolls.
  • each subsequent pair of rolls operates at a higher rate of speed than the preceding pair of rolls, the slack in the web that might be caused by lengthening the web between the rolls is taken up by the rolls of each succeeding pair. Also, it is desirable to further draw out the cotton web between the pairs of rolls to further loosen the dirt and align the fibers so that the web can be maintained relatively taut between the pairs of rolls to enhance the vibration, drawing out and cleaning of the web. Accordingly, each of the subsequent pairs of rolls operates at a speed slightly faster than necessary merely to receive the length of cotton web discharged by a preceding pair of rolls.
  • each subsequent pair of fluted drafting rolls is adequate, not only to receive all the cotton web discharged from a preceding pair of rolls, but also to draw out and lengthen the cotton web in its span between each pair of rolls. Since the web and fluted drafting rolls are oriented in a horizontal plane, it can be seen that the vertical vibratory motion imparted to the web by the rolls will cause a portion of the shorter fibers and lighter debris to be removed upwardly of the Web. Ordinarily, some of these lighter elements might fall back on to the web and eventually be carried on into the trumpet 19, however, a suction device 17 is placed vertically above the web 25 in the vicinity of the rolls 18 so that the majority of these lighter elements removed from the web are carried away without settling back onto the surface thereof.
  • the tooth 240 will engage the span between the pairs of rolls each time the tooth 26a engages said span. Accordingly, if the adjacent pairs of rolls are properly oriented, the teeth on the first pair of rolls that impart a downward component of velocity to the span of material can be timed to act on the material at the same time the teeth on the subsequent pair of rolls impart a downward component of velocity. For instance, the tooth 240, which imparts a downward component of velocity to the span of material extending between the pairs of rolls, would act on the span at the same instant that tooth 26a imparts its downward component of velocity on the span of cotton web.
  • both ends of the span of cotton web will be vibrated at its ends in the same general direction, viz., upwardly or downwardly, so that the effect on the span of cotton web between the rolls will be to impart a predetermined vibration thereto.
  • This arrangement allows the operator to run the plurality of fluted drafting rolls at such a speed that a harmonic vibration can be set up in the whole length of the span of cotton Web.
  • This motion is desirable as opposed to having the ends of the span move in opposite directions since movement in opposed directions at the ends of the span might cause the span to feel the vibratory effect only at its ends near the rolls as illustrated at the left side of FIG.
  • the present invention has been disclosed as specifically showing only adjacent pairs of fluted drafting rolls, however, it should be understood that any number of drafting rolls could be employed at the option of the manufacturer, and the plurality of fluted drafting rolls can be positioned at any number of points in the cleaning process, or in a process other than that exemplified herein. Furthermore, it should be understood that while a particular tooth formation on the fluted drafting rolls has been disclosed in this description, or any number of tooth formations 7 might be employed without departing from the scope of this invention.
  • the fibers of the sliver emitted from the trumpet 19 are cleaner and more perfectly aligned than in any other known process and it has been found that when a sliver treated by this invention has been processed through a single drawing process the product is equivalent to the currently known Superior Carded Yarn. This effectively eliminates the previous necessity of twice drawing out the sliver to attain Superior Carded Yarn. Furthermore, when a sliver treated by this invention is subjected to two drawing processes, the product is equivalent to the currently known Combed Yarn. This produces a high quality product while eliminating the slow process of combing the yarn.
  • this invention costs less to manufacture and maintain, and can be operated at speeds never attained before in the manufacture of yarn.
  • An apparatus for cleaning a carded fibrous web comprising means for conducting a carded fibrous web along a path from a carding operation to a condensing operation and web treating means arranged along said path to oscillate said web in a direction substantially normal to said path and also draft said web whereby trash initially entrained within said web becomes dislodged and separated as said web moves along said path.
  • the web treating means includes at least one pair of cooperating rolls arranged to receive said carded fibrous web therebetween, each roll of said pair having a plurality of flutes defining alternating grooves and radially extending projections forming its peripheral surface all of which are generally in alignment with the rotational axis of said roll, said pair of cooperating rolls being arranged in such a manner that the flutes of one roll intermesh with the flutes of the other roll, and means to drive said rolls in opposite rotational directions whereby said carded web is drafted as it passes through said intermeshed flutes and is continuously deflected in an oscillatory manner from said path as it enters and exits from said pair of cooperating rolls.
  • vacuum means are provided adjacent said series of successive pairs of rolls for collecting trash which becomes disloged and separated from said carded fibrous Web as it passes along said path.
  • a method for cleaning a carded fibrous web comprising the steps of conducting a carded fibrous web along a path from a carding operation to a condensing operation, oscillating said web in a direction substantially normal to said path and drafting said web while said web is'being conducted along said path to thereby dislodge and separate trash which is initially entrained within said web.
  • a method according to claim 6 including the additional step of applying vacuum to said web during said oscillation and drafting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US449118A 1965-04-19 1965-04-19 Method and apparatus for cleaning cotton Expired - Lifetime US3307227A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US449118A US3307227A (en) 1965-04-19 1965-04-19 Method and apparatus for cleaning cotton
GB33141/65A GB1091111A (en) 1965-04-19 1965-08-03 Method and apparatus for cleaning cotton
CH342766A CH451760A (fr) 1965-04-19 1966-03-10 Procédé de nettoyage du coton et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre

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US449118A US3307227A (en) 1965-04-19 1965-04-19 Method and apparatus for cleaning cotton

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US3307227A true US3307227A (en) 1967-03-07

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CH (1) CH451760A (fr)
GB (1) GB1091111A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5031280A (en) * 1988-12-23 1991-07-16 Maschinenfabrik Reiter Ag Method and apparatus for cleaning card slivers pneumatically through spread sliver
US6052984A (en) * 1996-10-02 2000-04-25 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Textile drafting machine with upstream dirt separating device
RU2560050C1 (ru) * 2014-03-25 2015-08-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ивановский государственный энергетический университет имени В.И. Ленина" (ИГЭУ) Устройство для расчесывания и очистки волокна от сорных примесей и пыли

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110725027B (zh) * 2019-11-19 2022-01-11 余庆县鸿祥棉纺有限责任公司 一种棉线加工用的清棉机

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB320761A (en) * 1928-10-12 1929-10-24 John Hughes Improvements in and relating to the cleaning of cotton and separation of short immature fibres from the bulk
US2077293A (en) * 1936-04-22 1937-04-13 William C Weaver Lathe center
US2260130A (en) * 1940-02-15 1941-10-21 Saco Lowell Shops Spinning and roving frame
CA458687A (fr) * 1949-08-02 Bettoni Michele Procede et dispositif pour l'etirage du fil obtenu dans les cardeuses
US3003195A (en) * 1957-11-26 1961-10-10 Carding Spec Canada Method of and apparatus for the treatment of cotton fibres
FR1351601A (fr) * 1962-12-29 1964-02-07 Procédé et dispositif pour éviter la rupture du voile dans une machine à carder en cas d'arrêt de celle-ci
US3145425A (en) * 1960-11-02 1964-08-25 Carding Spec Canada Carding machines
GB988728A (en) * 1962-08-23 1965-04-07 Tmm Research Ltd Improvements in textile carding machines

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA458687A (fr) * 1949-08-02 Bettoni Michele Procede et dispositif pour l'etirage du fil obtenu dans les cardeuses
GB320761A (en) * 1928-10-12 1929-10-24 John Hughes Improvements in and relating to the cleaning of cotton and separation of short immature fibres from the bulk
US2077293A (en) * 1936-04-22 1937-04-13 William C Weaver Lathe center
US2260130A (en) * 1940-02-15 1941-10-21 Saco Lowell Shops Spinning and roving frame
US3003195A (en) * 1957-11-26 1961-10-10 Carding Spec Canada Method of and apparatus for the treatment of cotton fibres
US3145425A (en) * 1960-11-02 1964-08-25 Carding Spec Canada Carding machines
GB988728A (en) * 1962-08-23 1965-04-07 Tmm Research Ltd Improvements in textile carding machines
FR1351601A (fr) * 1962-12-29 1964-02-07 Procédé et dispositif pour éviter la rupture du voile dans une machine à carder en cas d'arrêt de celle-ci

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5031280A (en) * 1988-12-23 1991-07-16 Maschinenfabrik Reiter Ag Method and apparatus for cleaning card slivers pneumatically through spread sliver
EP0374541A3 (fr) * 1988-12-23 1991-12-18 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Procédé de nettoyage d'un ruban de cardage
US6052984A (en) * 1996-10-02 2000-04-25 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Textile drafting machine with upstream dirt separating device
RU2560050C1 (ru) * 2014-03-25 2015-08-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ивановский государственный энергетический университет имени В.И. Ленина" (ИГЭУ) Устройство для расчесывания и очистки волокна от сорных примесей и пыли

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Publication number Publication date
GB1091111A (en) 1967-11-15
CH451760A (fr) 1968-05-15

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