US3307968A - Method and apparatus for controlling the alloying of zinc coatings - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for controlling the alloying of zinc coatings Download PDF

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Publication number
US3307968A
US3307968A US306123A US30612363A US3307968A US 3307968 A US3307968 A US 3307968A US 306123 A US306123 A US 306123A US 30612363 A US30612363 A US 30612363A US 3307968 A US3307968 A US 3307968A
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Prior art keywords
strip
alloying
coating
heating
run
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Expired - Lifetime
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US306123A
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English (en)
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Paul E Schnedler
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Armco Inc
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Armco Inc
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Priority to US306123A priority Critical patent/US3307968A/en
Priority to GB35331/64A priority patent/GB1074305A/en
Priority to DE1964A0046965 priority patent/DE1298825C2/de
Priority to AT748764A priority patent/AT272789B/de
Priority to BE652482D priority patent/BE652482A/xx
Priority to FR986916A priority patent/FR1411938A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/38—Wires; Tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
    • C23C2/29—Cooling or quenching
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity

Definitions

  • alloyed coatings have come into demand in recent times is that they do not present a spangled appearance but a dull surface texture which readily takes paint and is advantageous for various specific purposes.
  • alloying In order to obtain the maximum utility for an alloyed zinc coated steel body the alloying must be as uniform as possible. The strip must be completely alloyed over its entire surface and no bright unalloyed regions must remain; at the same time over-alloying must be avoided.
  • sensing means for sensing the degree and extent of alloying the strip surface. This sensing is based upon the fact that unalloyed coating will be highly directionally reflective while alloyed coating will not be highly directionally reflective.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view through a portion of a coating line.
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary elevation thereof as seen from the right of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram useful in understanding the interaction of the heating devices.
  • the strip As the strip emerges from the coating bath it passes through a high intensity booster heater which raises the temperature of the strip to optimum alloying temperature. Since the alloying reaction is a diffusion reaction, it is necessary to maintain the strip at alloying temperature for a period of time necessary to complete the reaction.
  • the second heating step involves electrical resistance heating from within to maintain the strip at the optimum alloying temperature for the period of time necessary to permit the reaction to go to completion. Sensing devices are provided to determine when alloying is complete and to energize the electrical heating means when alloying is not complete.
  • the third heating means involves a plurality of heating elements disposed transversely of the strip and which may be selectively energized to heat any element of the strip across the width thereof.
  • These selective supplemental heating devices are controlled by photosensitive devices correspondingly positioned transversely of the strip so that if, for example, a portion of the strip at a distance of say 12 inches from one edge is not fully alloyed, supplemental heat is added at a point 12 inches from that edge of the strip.
  • the longitudinal areas of unalloyed coating may result from a number of causes: generally the coating will tend to be heavier at the strip edges, so that the alloying rate along the edges will be different than in the center; and uneven wear on the exit rolls may cause longitudinal areas of the strip passing over points of greater wear to have a heavier coating, which will require more heat or time for complete alloying. Variations such as those just described are common, and well Within commercial tolerances.
  • the sensing devices are arranged in two sets; one set to sense dull areas of the strip at the point where the strip should be bright, and the other set arranged to sense bright areas of the strip at a point where alloying should be complete.
  • the light sources and photocells of the two sets are arranged differently as will be described hereinafter to sense, respectively, dull areas and bright areas.
  • a coating pot containing molten zinc indicated at 11 A strip 12, which has been subjected to any desired pretreatment, passes around a hold-down roll 13 within the pot and thence upwardly through exit rolls 14. The coated strip 12a then passes upwardly about a turning roll 15 and thence to storage, coiling or other processing.
  • a high intensity booster heater may be either localized electrical induction or high intensity radiation or a flame type gas heater.
  • the object of the heater 16 is to heat the strip to optimum alloying temperature as soon as possible after leaving the coating bath.
  • Optimum alloying temperature for aluminum-bearing zinc is approximately 925 to 1050 F., although a satisfactory range would extend from about 900 F. to about 1250 F. It should be noted in this connection that since the surface of the freshly coated strip with the molten coating on it is uniformly bright, external heat may be used to raise the temperature of the strip uniformly and this is no contradiction of the principles described in the aforesaid Patent No. 2,986,808.
  • the heating means 16 regardless of what type is being used, is controlled by a radiation pyrometer or infra-red detection-device indicated at 17.
  • the second heating device which produces heating from within.
  • this is an inductive resistance heating apparatus and the element 18 is a transformer primary and the entire length of strip 12a from the exit rolls to the roll 15, coupled with a return conductor 22, constitutes the secondary and is thus heated.
  • This heat must be very accurately controlled because the maintenance of alloying temperature is the most critical feature of the alloying operation.
  • the current flowing through the strip 12a produces a variable controlled cooling effect so that areas of the strip which have completely alloyed and have a high emissivity will radiate heat faster than heat is being supplied internally and actually become cooler; while adjacent regions which have not alloyed and still have a bright surface with a correspondingly low emissivity will retain the heat, and alloying in these regions will continue to take place.
  • the booster heater 16 has heated the strip up to alloying temperature, the only requirement of the heating device 18 is to maintain the strip at alloying temperature or to control cooling rate to achieve the proper degree of alloying.
  • the heating device 18 To control the action of the heating device 18 there are provided two series of photocells, the first indicated at 19, and the second at 26. As best seen in FIG. 2, there are a plurality of photocells 19 and a plurality of photocells 20. It will be apparent that the photocells in the row 19 will be positioned to monitor the strip when it is normally still bright; while the photocells 20 are positioned to monitor the strip when it is normally completely alloyed. Variations from normal conditions are indicated by the two series of photocells and, through suitable circuitry operate the induction heating apparatus 18. These connections do not form a part of the present invention and are within the skill of a competent electrical engineer.
  • a third heating apparatus is provided and this involves a plurality of selective heating devices 21. These are spaced in a row transversely of the strip in positions corresponding to the photocells 19 and 20.
  • the heaters 21 may be either combustion type or electric heaters, and their purpose is to provide supplemental heat to particular areas transversely of the strip which are not alloying at a sufliciently fast rate.
  • the individual heaters 21 are controlled by a pair of photocells 19 and 2% By examination of FIG. 2 for example, it can be seen that the leftmost pair of photocells 19 and 20 are aligned with the left-most heater 21, and that correspondingly there is a heater 21 for each additional pair of photocells 19 and 20 all the way across the strip. Again, the electrical connections or control circuits have not been shown because they are within the skill of a competent engineer.
  • a photocell is normally thought of as being responsive to reflected light and to some degree in proportion to intensity of the reflected light beam.
  • a photocell is normally thought of as being responsive to reflected light and to some degree in proportion to intensity of the reflected light beam.
  • it must be borne in mind that when the upwardly moving strip reaches the position of the bank of photocells 19, it is predominantly unalloyed and therefore bright. It is possible, however, that small areas of the strip may have proceeded to alloying and may, therefore, show a dull surface. If the photocells 19 were arranged to respond to bright light, then a small dull area would not produce a signal of significant value which would be useful for control purposes. Similarly and conversely by the time the strip reaches the bank of photocells 20, it is predominantly alloyed and therefore dull. Here again it is possible that a small area of the strip may not be completely alloyed and will therefore be bright and if the photocells of the bank 20 were designed to be responsive to dull light, one small area of brightness would not give a significant
  • the photocells in the bank 19 are arranged to be responsive to the presence of dull areas in a bright strip and those on the bank 20 are arranged to be responsive to small areas of brightness in a predominantly dull strip.
  • the photocells 20 and their associated light sources 20a are dis posed so that the bisector of the angle between the incident light from the source 20a and the reflected light impinging on the photocell Ztl is normal to the strip. Under these circumstances, the dull strip will not affect the photocell 21) but a small bright area resulting from incomplete alloying will produce a reflection which will cause the photocell 20 to put out a signal of significant value.
  • the strip is caused to pass over a hilly roll 15a and the photocell and the light source are aimed at the strip at the point where it passes over the billy roll 15a.
  • the photocells 19 and their associated light sources 19a are positioned so that the bisector of the included angle is not normal to the strip.
  • the strip at this point is normally bright and the light beam from the source will not enter the photocell 19 since the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence.
  • the photocell must be positioned so that small buckles and waves in the strip will not cause the bright reflection to enter the photocell.
  • the beam from the source 1942 reflected from the dull areas of the strip is broken up and scattered as indicated by the solid arrows in Fig. l and some portions of this reflected light from the dull areas will enter the photocell 19 as shown in the drawing. In this way a dull area in a predominantly bright strip will affect the photocell 19 to produce a signal of significant value.
  • Fig. 2 there is diagrammatically indicated the way in which the signals from the photocells may operate. So long as, in any given pair of photocells 19 and 20, the photocell 19 is not putting out a change signal because no dull spots are being encountered, and so long as the photocell Ztl is not putting out a change signal because no bright spots are encountered, it means that the strip passing that particular pair of photocells 19-20 is unalloyed at the point 19 and fully alloyed at the point 20. This means that the heat input from the various heaters is doing the job correctly.
  • the strip as it passes the photocell 19 is dull, it means that alloying has already started and a signal to reduce heat will be put out by the photocell 19.
  • the photocell 20 will put out a signal to increase heat, and hence alloying.
  • the signals from the photocell pair 1920 are transmitted to the individual heater 21 which is aligned with the photocell pair 19-20. If the signal to the heaters 21 has come from the photocell 19, the input to the respective heater 21 is reduced whereas if the signal comes from the photocell 20, then the input to the respective heater 21 is increased. In this way uniformity transversely of the strip with regard to alloying process is achieved.
  • FIG. 2 an input to the various heaters 21 is shown at 30.
  • This input is indicated as entering a kilowatt meter 31 and thence going to the individual heaters 21 subject to the control by the signals from the photocells 19 or 20.
  • the meter 31 reads the total input to all of the heaters 21. It is desired to keep the input to the various heaters 21 more or less in the middle or a range between minimum and maximum wattage. This range may be indicated diagrammatically by the portion 32 of the meter 31 and so long as the input remains within the range 32, no signal is transmitted to the heater 18.
  • booster heating means positioned just above said bath to heat said strip to a temperature at which alloying of said coating metal with the metal of said strip will take place, electrical means for supplying heat to the strip from within over the entire alloying run to maintain alloying temperature in the strip during the alloying reaction, a plurality of supplemental heating devices immediately above said booster heating means to provide heat to longitudinal zones of the strip selectively, and a plurality of control means responsive to the reflectivity of the strip in said longitudinal zones disposed above said supplemental heating devices and in the latter portion of said alloying run for controlling respective ones of said supplemental heating devices.
  • control means includes a bank of light-sensitive devices and associated light sources positioned adjacent the end of said alloying run at a point in the strip travel where alloying should be complete, and the strip, therefore, uniformly dull, said light-sensitive devices and associated light sources being aimed at the strip such that the bisector of the angle between the incident light rays from said light sources and reflected light rays impinging upon said lightsensitive devices is substantially normal to the strip surface, whereby small bright areas in the generally dull surface will cause said light sensitive devices to give a control signal of significant proportion.
  • control means includes an additional bank of light-sensitive devices and associated light sources positioned in the latter part of said alloying run at a point in the strip travel where alloying should not have started, and the strip, therefore, should be uniformly bright, said light-sensitive devices and associated light sources being aimed at the strip such that the bisector of the angle between the incident light rays from said sources and their reflection impinging upon said light-sensitive devices is at an angle different than to the strip surface, whereby small dull areas in the generally bright surface will cause said light-sensitive devices to give a control signal of significant proportion.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein means are provided to measure the total power input to said supplemental heating devices and means operative when the total input to said supplemental heating devices exceeds a predetermined value to increase the power input to said electrical means, and means operative when the total power input to said supplemental heating devices drops below a predetermined point to reduce the power input to said electrical means.
  • the method of claim 7, which includes the step of measuring the total amount of supplementary heating supplied to said longitudinal zones, increasing the electrical heating of the strip from within when said total supplementary heating exceeds a predetermined value and decreasing said electrical heating from within when said total supplementary heating drops below a predetermined value.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
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US306123A 1963-09-03 1963-09-03 Method and apparatus for controlling the alloying of zinc coatings Expired - Lifetime US3307968A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US306123A US3307968A (en) 1963-09-03 1963-09-03 Method and apparatus for controlling the alloying of zinc coatings
GB35331/64A GB1074305A (en) 1963-09-03 1964-08-28 Method and apparatus for controlling the alloying of zinc coatings
DE1964A0046965 DE1298825C2 (de) 1963-09-03 1964-08-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer gleichfoermigen einphasigen auflegierten Zinkbeschichtung auf ein Metallband
AT748764A AT272789B (de) 1963-09-03 1964-08-31 Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer gleichförmigen, einphasigen legierten Zinkbeschichtung auf einem Metallstreifen
BE652482D BE652482A (de) 1963-09-03 1964-08-31
FR986916A FR1411938A (fr) 1963-09-03 1964-09-02 Procédé et dispositif pour contrôler l'alliage des revêtements de zinc sur des corps métalliques

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US306123A US3307968A (en) 1963-09-03 1963-09-03 Method and apparatus for controlling the alloying of zinc coatings

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US3307968A true US3307968A (en) 1967-03-07

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US306123A Expired - Lifetime US3307968A (en) 1963-09-03 1963-09-03 Method and apparatus for controlling the alloying of zinc coatings

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US (1) US3307968A (de)
AT (1) AT272789B (de)
BE (1) BE652482A (de)
DE (1) DE1298825C2 (de)
GB (1) GB1074305A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3508066A (en) * 1966-06-16 1970-04-21 Marconi Co Ltd Apparatus comprising light-electric translating device for measuring speed of moving member having an ordinary surface
US3861458A (en) * 1973-06-04 1975-01-21 Air Preheater Multi-head infra-red ray detector
US3975556A (en) * 1973-09-19 1976-08-17 Armco Steel Corporation Method for preventing coating metal pickup on hot-dip coating line rolls
US4013367A (en) * 1974-05-13 1977-03-22 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Apparatus for detecting irregularities in the surfaces of materials
US4807559A (en) * 1987-09-02 1989-02-28 Ajax Magnethermic Corporation Apparatus for alloying of coatings
US5785772A (en) * 1995-12-06 1998-07-28 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for controlling galvanneal induction furnace operation
BE1011425A3 (fr) * 1996-04-29 1999-09-07 Centre Rech Metallurgique Procede de revetement d'une bande d'acier par galvanisation au trempe.
EP0959145A1 (de) * 1998-05-16 1999-11-24 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung der Glühung eines Galvannealing-Prozesses
US6206986B1 (en) * 1998-08-24 2001-03-27 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for monitoring and controlling the quality of a galvannealed coating of steel strip
WO2009021279A1 (en) * 2007-08-10 2009-02-19 Bluescope Steel Limited Coating line control
US20140185650A1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2014-07-03 Hirohisa Yamada Alloyed position determining method, alloyed position determining apparatus, and recording medium

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT397815B (de) * 1992-03-31 1994-07-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zum verzinken eines bandes sowie anlage zur durchführung des verfahrens
AT397814B (de) * 1992-03-31 1994-07-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zum verzinken eines bandes sowie anlage zur durchführung des verfahrens
DE10021948B4 (de) * 2000-05-05 2004-02-19 Thyssenkrupp Stahl Ag Verfahren und Anlage zum Verzinken eines Stahlbandes

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1922188A (en) * 1927-06-16 1933-08-15 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Inspection device
US2947212A (en) * 1956-04-30 1960-08-02 American Brass Co Method of detecting surface conditions of sheet metal
US2986808A (en) * 1958-08-04 1961-06-06 Armco Steel Corp Steel body having alloyed zinc coating and method of producing such coating
US3058840A (en) * 1959-04-16 1962-10-16 Electric Furnace Co Induction strip heating apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1922188A (en) * 1927-06-16 1933-08-15 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Inspection device
US2947212A (en) * 1956-04-30 1960-08-02 American Brass Co Method of detecting surface conditions of sheet metal
US2986808A (en) * 1958-08-04 1961-06-06 Armco Steel Corp Steel body having alloyed zinc coating and method of producing such coating
US3058840A (en) * 1959-04-16 1962-10-16 Electric Furnace Co Induction strip heating apparatus

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3508066A (en) * 1966-06-16 1970-04-21 Marconi Co Ltd Apparatus comprising light-electric translating device for measuring speed of moving member having an ordinary surface
US3861458A (en) * 1973-06-04 1975-01-21 Air Preheater Multi-head infra-red ray detector
US3975556A (en) * 1973-09-19 1976-08-17 Armco Steel Corporation Method for preventing coating metal pickup on hot-dip coating line rolls
US4013367A (en) * 1974-05-13 1977-03-22 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Apparatus for detecting irregularities in the surfaces of materials
US4807559A (en) * 1987-09-02 1989-02-28 Ajax Magnethermic Corporation Apparatus for alloying of coatings
US5785772A (en) * 1995-12-06 1998-07-28 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for controlling galvanneal induction furnace operation
BE1011425A3 (fr) * 1996-04-29 1999-09-07 Centre Rech Metallurgique Procede de revetement d'une bande d'acier par galvanisation au trempe.
EP0959145A1 (de) * 1998-05-16 1999-11-24 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung der Glühung eines Galvannealing-Prozesses
US6206986B1 (en) * 1998-08-24 2001-03-27 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for monitoring and controlling the quality of a galvannealed coating of steel strip
WO2009021279A1 (en) * 2007-08-10 2009-02-19 Bluescope Steel Limited Coating line control
US20140185650A1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2014-07-03 Hirohisa Yamada Alloyed position determining method, alloyed position determining apparatus, and recording medium
US9459220B2 (en) * 2011-08-26 2016-10-04 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Alloyed position determining method, alloyed position determining apparatus, and recording medium

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Publication number Publication date
BE652482A (de) 1964-12-16
DE1298825B (de) 1969-07-03
GB1074305A (en) 1967-07-05
AT272789B (de) 1969-07-25
DE1298825C2 (de) 1973-08-23

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