US3312578A - Slurried blasting explosives with cross-linking delay agent - Google Patents

Slurried blasting explosives with cross-linking delay agent Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3312578A
US3312578A US468967A US46896765A US3312578A US 3312578 A US3312578 A US 3312578A US 468967 A US468967 A US 468967A US 46896765 A US46896765 A US 46896765A US 3312578 A US3312578 A US 3312578A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
percent
explosive
weight
cross
chromate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US468967A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Craig Joseph Francis Mclean
Falconer Errol Linton
Jack Stanton Evan
Towell Gordon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PPG Architectural Coatings Canada Inc
Original Assignee
Canadian Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canadian Industries Ltd filed Critical Canadian Industries Ltd
Priority to US468967A priority Critical patent/US3312578A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3312578A publication Critical patent/US3312578A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
    • C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improved slurried blasting explosive compositions which consists essentially of one or more organic explosives and one or more inorganic oxygen-supplying salts slurried in an aqueous solution of said inorganic oxygen-supplying salts.
  • water for example, in an amount between about and 25% by weight, is an essential ingredient of such explosive compositions.
  • This invention also relates to processes for the preparation of such explosive compositions.
  • TNT trinitrotoluene
  • A.N. ammonium nitrate
  • water water
  • TNT trinitrotoluene
  • A.N. ammonium nitrate
  • 869,155 United Kingdom Patent No. 869,155. They have found wide acceptance and use in recent years, particularly in open-pit mining, quarrying and construction operations. They are safe to use because of their insensitivity to blasing cap detonation, economical and, because of their high borehole loading density characteristics, very powerful.
  • the improved slurried blasting explosive composition of this invention comprises at least one inorganic oxygensupplying salt, at least one particulate organic explosive, a gel-forming or thickening polysaccharide, finely divided metal from the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloy, water and a metal chromate, selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium dichromate, in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 0.10% by weight, and zinc chromate and barium chromate in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 2.0% by weight.
  • the amount of Zinc chromate should preferably not exceed 0.1% by Weight since otherwise there may be a syneresis effect and the composition may tend to segregate to some extent on storage. Also, when TNT is employed as the organic explosive, some darkening in colour of the TNT and evolution of ammoniacal fume may occur.
  • composition may also advantageously contain a cross-link delaying agent in an amount ranging from i 0.002% to 0.1% by weight of the composition.
  • the aluminum or aluminum alloy suitable for use in the charide, thereby permitting the slurry to remain extremely explosive composition of this invention must be in a finely free-flowing for a period sufficiently long to enable easy divided form and may most suitably range from a fine dust packaging.
  • Suitable cross-link delaying agents are metal to a form not coarser than that which will pass through a oxalates, metal citrates, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric size 10 Tyler mesh screen. acid and gluconic acid or a mixture thereof.
  • the gel-forming or thickening polysaccharides are pref- The invention thus renders possible the preparation of 10 erably mannogalactans such as guar gum or carob seed useful and powerful aluminum or aluminum alloy-congum.
  • the slurried explosive composition of this invention and safe conditions, which slurries may be stored for long may be prepared in any suitable type of mixing equipment, periods of time without segregation of the solid and liquid but preferably the mixer should have no rapidly moving ingredients. parts and should have a folding action combined with a Preferred slurried blasting explosive compositions of this lifting of material from the bottom of the mixer to the invention contain from to 80 percent by weight of at top.
  • the conventional ribbon type mixer is particuleast one inorganic oxygen-supplying salt, from 3 to 50 larly suitable for this purpose.
  • a preferred mixing propercent by weight of at least one particulate organic explocedure is to mix together the dry inorganic oxygen-supplysive, from 5 to 35 percent by weight of finely divided alu- 20 ing salt, the metal chromate and water and then add the minum or aluminum alloy, from 0.2 to 2.0 percent by finely divided aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • the particulate organic explosive may from 0.01 to 2.0 percent by weight of zinc chromate, from be added and dispersed and the cross-link delaying agent 0.002 to 0.1 percent by weight of a cross-link delaying added.
  • the gelling or thickening agent may then be added agent and from 5 to percent by weight of water, 25 as a dry powder or mixed with a small quantity of ethyl-
  • a very suitable inorganic oxygen-supplying salt for inene glycol or glycerine as a dispersion medium and the clusion in the explosive composition of this invention is whole composition mixed until homogeneous.
  • the particle size it may be necessary that the water ingredient be added of the inorganic oxygen-supplying salts is not critical and hot or as a hot solution of the inorganic oxygen-supplying powdered, granulated, prilled or crystalline forms may be salt, or a heated mixer may be used. used or all or part of the salts may be predissolved in all
  • the following tables and example illustrate the imor part of the water. proved explosive composition of this invention but it is The organic explosives suitable for use in the blasting to be understood that the invention is not limited in scope agents of this invention are described herein as particuto the embodiments described. In the tables and example late.
  • particulate it is intended to exclude liquid all parts and percentages are by weight of the total comexplosives such as nitroglycerine and nitroglycol and to position. indicate that the explosive should be in a powdered, granu-
  • the compositions shown in Table I were prepared in lar, flaked or pelleted form.
  • a very suitable organic exthe aforedescribed manner, ethylene glycol being used as plosive is TNT although a large class of organic explosives dispersion medium for the thickening agent, and placed that can be made in particulate form is suitable for use in in glass cylinders 20" high.
  • the inches of segregated fluid this invention either as such or in admixture with TNT at the top of the column after storage at 90 C.
  • composition B Inches of segregation Length of storage in days (R.D.X.), pentolite (being a mixture of approximately equal parts of TNT and PETN) and composition B (being a mixture of about percent by weight of R.D.X. and
  • the Table II illustrates the cross-linking delaying effect TABLE II the aluminum slurry loaded per hole was 25 percent less than had been the practice with the 25 percent TNT slurry. Despite the lower Weight of aluminum slurry (Mix No. 1) used, it was found that the fragmentation of the ore in the ensuing blast was much greater than had been obtained previously. The higher power of the aluminum slurry also resulted in greater throw of the muck-pile which combined with the better fragmentation made for easier handling by the shovel. Complete progagation in all charged boreholes resulted.
  • Table III illustrates the effects-of using various proportions of zinc chromate in slurries containing self-crosslinking guar gum.
  • the compositions shown in the table comprised 37.5% of ammonium nitrate, 8.0% of sodium nitrate, 20.0% of trinitrotoluene, 17.0% of finely divided aluminum, 0.9% of glycol and 16.0% of water.
  • the percentages of self-cross-linking guar gum and zinc chromate in the examples are shown under appropriate headings in the table.
  • the examples were prepared and placed in glass cylinders high The depth of segregatedfiuid on the top of the column after storage at 85-90 F. is shown for the time indicated. Observations of the final condition of the compositions are indi- What we claim is:
  • a slurried blasting explosive composition resistant to segregation of its ingredients over long periods of storage comprising at least one inorganic oxygen-supplying salt, at least one particulate organic explosive, a thickening polysaccharide, a finely divided metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum and alloys thereof, water, a metal chromate selected from the group consisting of sodium chromate and potassium dichromate in an amount ranging from 0.01 percent to 0.1 percent by weight and zinc chromate and barium chromate in an amount ranging from 0.01 percent to 2.0 percent by weight and a cross-link delaying agent selected from the group consisting of metal oxalates, metal citrate, oxalic cated under the heading comments. acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid and citric acid.
  • Example 1 In a trial at an iron ore quarrying operation, a factorymanufactured slu-rry having the composition shown as Mix No. 1 in Table I (containing 10 percent aluminum) and made one month before the date of trial, was substituted for a slurry containing 25 percent by weight of TNT, inorganic nitrates and water. The drill pattern and borehole diameter were unchanged but the weight of 2.
  • An explosive composition as in claim 1 wherein the components are present in the following proportions, by weight: 20 to 80% oxygen-supplying salt, 3 to 50% particulate organic explosive, 0.2 to 2% polysaccharide in the form of a gel-forming mannogalactan, 5 to 35% finely divided metal, 5 to 25% water.
  • An explosive composition as in claim 1 wherein the particulate organic explosive is selected from the group consisting of trinitrotoluene, composition B, pentolite, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine, smokeless powder and mixtures thereof.
  • An explosive composition as in claim 1 wherein the polysaccharide is selected from the group consisting of guar flour, self-cross-linking guar gum and catch seed gum.
  • a process for preparing the slurried blasting explosive of claim 1 comprising: first mixing the inorganic oxygen-supplying salt, the metal chromate, the water and the finely divided metal; incorporating the particulate organic explosive and the cross-link delaying agent; adding the polysaccharide; and mixing further to form a homogeneous slurry.
  • polysaccharide is added in the form of a dispersion in a liquid selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol and glycerme.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
US468967A 1963-09-13 1965-07-01 Slurried blasting explosives with cross-linking delay agent Expired - Lifetime US3312578A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US468967A US3312578A (en) 1963-09-13 1965-07-01 Slurried blasting explosives with cross-linking delay agent

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA884511 1963-09-13
US39075564A 1964-08-19 1964-08-19
US468967A US3312578A (en) 1963-09-13 1965-07-01 Slurried blasting explosives with cross-linking delay agent

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3312578A true US3312578A (en) 1967-04-04

Family

ID=4141809

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US468967A Expired - Lifetime US3312578A (en) 1963-09-13 1965-07-01 Slurried blasting explosives with cross-linking delay agent

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3312578A (fr)
DE (1) DE1232506B (fr)
FR (1) FR87477E (fr)
GB (1) GB1002671A (fr)
OA (1) OA00899A (fr)
SE (1) SE326654B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3372072A (en) * 1966-09-16 1968-03-05 Du Pont Gelling water-bearing explosives
US3475238A (en) * 1968-02-08 1969-10-28 Dow Chemical Co Method for preparing gelled slurry explosive compositions containing distinct liquid and solid phases
US3477888A (en) * 1968-07-30 1969-11-11 Dokosha Kk Method of producing explosive with high brisance
US3485686A (en) * 1968-05-31 1969-12-23 Intermountain Research Eng Co Aqueous explosive slurry containing oxidizer-reducer cross-linking agent
US3561532A (en) * 1968-03-26 1971-02-09 Talley Frac Corp Well fracturing method using explosive slurry

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2180328C1 (ru) * 2000-12-22 2002-03-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Промтехвзрыв" Взрывчатый состав

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2904420A (en) * 1956-08-13 1959-09-15 Ici Ltd Gas producing compositions
US3155552A (en) * 1961-03-08 1964-11-03 Thiokol Chemical Corp Castable explosive composition
US3214307A (en) * 1963-07-31 1965-10-26 Commercial Solvents Corp Ammonium nitrate explosive gel composition and its preparation

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA619653A (en) * 1961-05-09 Henry E. Farnam, Jr. Trinitrotoluene and ammonium nitrate explosive composition containing water
US3094443A (en) * 1963-06-18 Table iv
US3091559A (en) * 1963-05-28 Ammonium nitrate explosive
US2997377A (en) * 1952-04-01 1961-08-22 Standard Oil Co Polyamine chromate catalysts for inorganic nitrate explosives
DE1015290B (de) * 1952-08-13 1957-09-05 Karl Lauterwasser Mehrwege-Membranventil
DE1009990B (de) * 1955-02-11 1957-06-06 Nitroglycerin Ab Plastischer Sicherheitssprengstoff mit ausgeglichener Sauerstoffbilanz
DE1136622B (de) * 1959-03-20 1962-09-13 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Wasserhaltiger Sprengstoff
US2998437A (en) * 1959-08-21 1961-08-29 Armour & Co Nitration of carboxylic acids and their derivatives
US3072509A (en) * 1960-04-21 1963-01-08 Du Pont Gelled ammonium nitrate blasting explosive and process

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2904420A (en) * 1956-08-13 1959-09-15 Ici Ltd Gas producing compositions
US3155552A (en) * 1961-03-08 1964-11-03 Thiokol Chemical Corp Castable explosive composition
US3214307A (en) * 1963-07-31 1965-10-26 Commercial Solvents Corp Ammonium nitrate explosive gel composition and its preparation

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3372072A (en) * 1966-09-16 1968-03-05 Du Pont Gelling water-bearing explosives
US3475238A (en) * 1968-02-08 1969-10-28 Dow Chemical Co Method for preparing gelled slurry explosive compositions containing distinct liquid and solid phases
US3561532A (en) * 1968-03-26 1971-02-09 Talley Frac Corp Well fracturing method using explosive slurry
US3485686A (en) * 1968-05-31 1969-12-23 Intermountain Research Eng Co Aqueous explosive slurry containing oxidizer-reducer cross-linking agent
US3477888A (en) * 1968-07-30 1969-11-11 Dokosha Kk Method of producing explosive with high brisance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1232506B (de) 1967-01-12
GB1002671A (en) 1965-08-25
OA00899A (fr) 1968-03-22
FR87477E (fr) 1966-05-06
SE326654B (fr) 1970-07-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3886010A (en) Stabilized and aerated blasting slurry containing thiourea and a nitrite gassing agent
US3640784A (en) Blasting agents containing guar gum
US3382117A (en) Thickened aqueous explosive composition containing entrapped gas
US3312578A (en) Slurried blasting explosives with cross-linking delay agent
US4439254A (en) Solid sensitizers in water gel explosives and method
US3445305A (en) Gelation of galactomannan containing water-bearing explosives
NZ202647A (en) Melt explosive composition containing napthalene sulfonate derivatives
US3453158A (en) Fueled inorganic oxidizer salt aqueous explosive composition containing independently dispersed gas bubbles and method of making same
US3784421A (en) Slurry explosives cross-linked with a compound of tellurium vi
US3617407A (en) Aqueous slurry explosive containing a thickener of cross-linked galactomannan with psyllium flour
JPS5846480B2 (ja) 安定な含水爆薬
US3356544A (en) Inorganic oxidizer salt aqueous blasting compositions containing a nitroparaffin
US3919013A (en) Use of graphite fibers to augment propellant burning rate
US4081299A (en) Aqueous explosive slurrie with inorganic peroxide sensitizer
US4207126A (en) Watergel explosives containing microspheres
US3282752A (en) Slurry type blasting agents
US4058420A (en) Aqueous slurry explosives with colloidal hydrous metal oxide
US3676234A (en) Explosive slurry having constant detonation velocity over a wide temperature range
US3108917A (en) Tnt-tetraborate gelled aqueous explosive slurry
US3160535A (en) Free flowing granular explosive composition of controlled particle size
US3328217A (en) Aqueous blasting compositions containining particulate smokeless powder and dinitrotoluene
US3523047A (en) Hydrazine and aluminum containing explosive compositions
US3344004A (en) Explosive gel composition cross-linked with a hydroxy compound
US3467559A (en) Method of preparing slurried explosives mixtures
US3344005A (en) Pentaerythritol tetranitrate-trimethylolethane trinitrate explosives