Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/20—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils
  • H01B3/22—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G17/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with acids, acid-forming compounds or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge
  • C10G17/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with acids, acid-forming compounds or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge with acids or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
  • C10M159/02—Natural products
  • C10M159/04—Petroleum fractions, e.g. tars, solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
  • C10N2040/16—Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
  • C10N2040/17—Electric or magnetic purposes for electric contacts

Definitions

• the invention relates to mineral oil compositions, and processes for producing such compositions, for various purposes such as industrial oils, engine oils and insulating oils, having among other advantageous properties that of outstanding oxidation resistance.
• oils are generally prepared from distillates or deasphalted residues according to various refining processes, according to their origin, e.g. treatment by a selective solvent such as phenol or sulfur dioxide, so as to eliminate aromatics of low viscosity index, dewaxing, acid or oleum treatment, treatment with activated earth, or hydrogenation to improve colour and stability.
• a selective solvent such as phenol or sulfur dioxide
• a mineral oil composition comprises a major proportion of a mineral base oil and from 0.1 to by weight, in relation to the base oil, of a heavy cycle gas oil fraction obtained in the catalytic cracking of a petroleum fraction.
• a process for producing a mineral oil composition comprises adding to a mineral base oil from 0.1 to 10% by weight, in relation to the base oil, of a heavy cycle gas oil fraction obtained in the catalytic cracking of a petroleum fraction.
• the heavy cycle gas oil fraction is obtained in the refinery in cracking operations, for instance in those of catalytic cracking according to the process known in the trade by the name of Fluid Catalytic Cracking.
• these operations at the same time as the light products form, there are formed heavy fractions known in the trade as light cycle gas oil and heavy cycle gas oil.
• These fractions are very rich in aromatics and very stable thermally. As a rule they are recycled to the feed of the catlytic cracking plant after distillation, or are used for miscellaneous purposes, such as the manufacture of carbon black.
• the heavy cycle gas oil fraction (hereinafter referred to as HCGO) has variable characteristics, according to the regulation of the catalytic cracking unit and the way in which it is separated by distillation from the other products produced by cracking. These characteristics are in general comprised within the following limits:
• the dewaxing treatment in no Way modifies the other properties conferred on the final oil by the HCGO, in particular from the point of view of resistance to oxidation.
• the HCGO In order to increase the aromatic content of the HCGO, it may be subjected, whether or not dewaxed, before addition to the base oil, to refining by treatment with selective solvent (phenol for instance), e.g. so as to obtain an extract yield of 80 to 95%, preferably to
• the HCGO is subjected, whether or not dewaxed or treated with a selective solvent, prior to its addition to the base oil, to a light acid treatment, eg treatment with 5% to 20%, preferably 8 to 12%, by weight of 98% sulphuric acid.
• the acid tars are then separated, e.g. by decanting in the hot state (80 to 100 C.) and.
• the acid raffiuate is neutralised, e.g. with an aqueous or alcoholic solution of soda or potash, which neutralisation is followed by washing with water and drying, e.g. on natural earth (silico-aluminate).
• the HCGO as such or after it has undergone one or more of the treatments mentioned above may be'added to the base, preferably after the latter has been treated with a selective solvent to reduce its aromatic content, and as a rule before the finishing treatment, such as treatment with natural or activated earth or, preferably, treatment with hydrogen.
• the base oil and the HCG'O are mixed after subjecting the oil and the HCGO separately to such finishing treatment.
• the quantity of HCGO used, whether treated or not, is preferably 1 to 5%, by weight in relation to the base oil.
• Example I The starting material was an HCGO derived from a catalytic cracking unit known as Fluid Catalytic Cracking" and having viscosity at 989 C. (210 of 2 centistokes.
• oils consisting of the rafiinate as such and the raflinate with the addition of the different products in question were submitted to a finishing treatment consisting of light hydrogenation performed under the following conditions:
• volume oil/hour Spatial speed (volume y 1v./v./h.
• the so-called B.B.C. test which consists of heating to 110 C., 1000 cc. of the oil in a copper pot, in the presence of a cotton thread. After 72 hours and after 16 8 hours, the NPA colour (ASTM D. 155) and the acid number (ASTM D. 947) of the oil are determined, as well as the quantity of deposits and the percentage loss of strength of the cotton thread. After 168 hours a measurement is also made of the dielectric loss i.e. the tangent of the angle of loss, of the oxidised oil.
• volume hydrogen (under normal)
• the starting material was an HCGO derived from a catalytic cracking unit known as Fluid catalytic cracking and having a viscosity at 989 C. (210 F.) of 3.88 centistokes. From this HCGO (C) the following different products were prepared:
• (Cl) Dewaxed product.-Obtained by dewaxing HCGO (C) by cooling to 25 C. and filtering a solution comprising 1 part (by volume) of HCGO (C) and 3 parts (by volume) secondary butyl acetate, with a yield of 85%.
• (C2) Dewaxed product treated with acid.-Obtained by treating (C1) with 10% of 98% sulphuric acid, decanting the acid tars at 90 C., neutralising the acid raffinate with an aqueous caustic soda solution, washing with water and drying on natural earth (yield 75% in relation to the (C1) used).
• insulating oils were prepared from a basic oil consisting of the same light raftinate as in Example I.
• Acid index (mg. KOH/g.) 0.220 Traces 0. 056 0.056 0.022 Traces 0. 056 Traces Traces Deposits (g.) 0. 020 0. 009 0. 006 0. 012 0. 005 0. 013 0. 015 0. 006 0. 005
• An insulating oil composition consisting essentially of a major amount of a mineral base oil of a type normally used in insulating oil compositions but deficient in oxidation resistance, and as an oxidation resistance improver about 1 to 5 wt. percent of a hydrogenated heavy cycle gas oil fraction obtained by catalytic cracking and having a density at 59 F. in the range of 0.990 to 1.100 g./cc., a viscosity at 210 F. in the range of 2 to 8 centistokes, an aniline point in the range of 25 to 80 C. and a distillation range under atmospheric pressure between about 180 C. and 660 C.
• a composition according to claim 1 wherein said gas oil fraction before hydrogenation has been treated with concentrated sulfuric acid, the acid tars formed thereby have been removed, the rafiinate resulting from said treatment has been neutralized and then washed 6 with water, after which the rafiinate has been dried am hydrogenated to thereby form said improver.
• composition according to claim 2 wherein sair oil fraction is dewaxed before said treatment with so] furic acid.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
• Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=8815681

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (10)

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Citations (6)

• 1963
  • 1963-10-31 FR FR952496A patent/FR1381572A/fr not_active Expired
• 1964
  • 1964-10-09 GB GB4132964A patent/GB1050234A/en not_active Expired
  • 1964-10-20 DE DE1594421A patent/DE1594421C3/de not_active Expired
  • 1964-10-22 NL NL6412306A patent/NL6412306A/nl unknown
  • 1964-10-23 US US406162A patent/US3318799A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1964-10-28 SE SE1298364A patent/SE218572C1/sv unknown
  • 1964-10-30 NO NO155360A patent/NO119912B/no unknown
  • 1964-10-30 BE BE655116A patent/BE655116A/fr unknown
  • 1964-10-31 JP JP39061514A patent/JPS4936925B1/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (6)

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