US3330760A - Process for evaporating and superheating thermally unstable hydrocarbon mixtures - Google Patents

Process for evaporating and superheating thermally unstable hydrocarbon mixtures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3330760A
US3330760A US495186A US49518665A US3330760A US 3330760 A US3330760 A US 3330760A US 495186 A US495186 A US 495186A US 49518665 A US49518665 A US 49518665A US 3330760 A US3330760 A US 3330760A
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United States
Prior art keywords
hydrocarbons
thermally unstable
evaporating
superheating
thermally
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Expired - Lifetime
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US495186A
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English (en)
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Hirschbeck Josef
Riedl Josef
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils

Definitions

  • hydrocarbons preponderantly containing saturated compounds which are referred to in the following as thermally stable compounds, can be heated at temperatures up to above 400 C. without noticeable decomposition, but that olefin-containing hydrocarbon mixtures may be subject to undesirable modifications even at lower temperatures, such as polymerization or decomposition with carbonization.
  • polymers or hydrocarbons which reach the cracking zone in the non vaporized state readily decompose with carbonization. It has been found that these phenomena may endanger the operation of an industrial plant even when occurring to a very minor extent.
  • hydrocarbons to be recycled in the aforesaid cracking processes contain practically always thermally unstable constituents which often do not allow the desired preheating.
  • the present invention provides a process for evaporating thermally unstable hydrocarbons and superheating them to temperatures above 350 C., which comprises evaporating the said hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof at a temperature below 180 C. by indirect heat transfer, freeing the vapors from liquid constituents and formed polymers, directly combining the vapors with a gas current of thermally stable hydrocarbons heated at 400 to 500 C., and conducting the combined gas current into the reaction zone.
  • the thermal efiiciency of the cracking unit is improved.
  • the thermally unstable hydrocarbons are preferably evaporated at a temperature that does not exceed 15 0 C.
  • the gas current obtained after having combined the thermally unstable and the thermally stable gases generally has a temperature in the range of from 350 to 400 C.
  • the process according to the invention is particularly suitable for cracking hydrocarbons.
  • the gas current of thermally stable hydrocarbons heated at 400 to 500 C. consists of the hydrocarbon mixtures used as starting material, generally a crude oil fraction.
  • the thermally unstable hydrocarbons to be evaporated and further heated are preferably the unsaturated hydrocar- 3,330,760 Patented July 11, 1967 bon mixtures obtained in cracking processes and to be reconducted into the reaction zone for being subjected to further cracking reactions. It is not absolutely necessary, however, to use by-products of the cracking process.
  • the process according to the invention can also be carried out with advantage with thermally unstable hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of other origin.
  • the thermally unstable hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures to be used according to the invention generally consist of higher monoolefins or polyolefins mostly having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, which may contain small amounts of the corresponding acetylenes.
  • An essential characteristic of the process according to the invention is the separation of liquid constituents and formed polymers from the thermally unstable hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof in the course of the first heating and before they are combined with the thermally stable hydrocarbons. This can be done in separators of known construction.
  • a further characteristic of the process according to the invention is the dilution, performed simultaneously with the second heating, of the thermally unstable hydrocarbons with thermally stable hydrocarbons and the resulting diminution of the partial pressure of the former hydrocarbons, whereby further polymerization reactions are avoided and liquid particles which may be entrained from the separator are again evaporated.
  • Steam serving as heat carrier for the cracking reaction is heated in 1 at a temperature of 1300 to 1500" C., partially by indirect and partially by direct superheating, and conducted into reactor 2.
  • Unsaturated hydrocarbons which are obtained in gas separation 4 and not desired as final products are evaporated in evaporator 5 by indirect heat transfer, separated from non volatile constituents in separator 6, immediately combined with freshly used saturated hydrocarbons evaporated in evaporator 7 and superheated at 400500 C. in heater 8 and the combined gas current is conducted into reactor 2.
  • the heat set free in cooling the reaction products is utilized in heat exchanger 3 for the production of steam.
  • a process for evaporating thermally unstable hydrocarbons and superheating the said hydrocarbons at a temperature above 350 C. which comprises (a) evaporating at least one thermally unstable hydrocarbon by indirect heat transfer at a temperature below 180 C., (b) freeing the vapors obtained in (a) from liquid constituents and formed polymers, (c) immediately combining the vapors obtained in (b) with a gas current of thermally stable hydrocarbons heated at 400 to 500 C. and (d) conducting the combined gas current to a reaction zone.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
US495186A 1964-10-20 1965-10-12 Process for evaporating and superheating thermally unstable hydrocarbon mixtures Expired - Lifetime US3330760A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF0044267 1964-10-20

Publications (1)

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US3330760A true US3330760A (en) 1967-07-11

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US495186A Expired - Lifetime US3330760A (en) 1964-10-20 1965-10-12 Process for evaporating and superheating thermally unstable hydrocarbon mixtures

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3330760A (de)
AT (1) AT260399B (de)
BE (1) BE671157A (de)
DE (1) DE1443904A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1450293A (de)
GB (1) GB1060198A (de)
NL (1) NL6513579A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USB508119I5 (de) * 1974-09-23 1976-02-17
US4293402A (en) * 1980-03-10 1981-10-06 Phillips Petroleum Company Hydrocarbon heating
EP0427854A4 (de) * 1988-09-05 1991-01-31 Mitsui Petrochemical Ind Vorrichtung und verfahren zum zersetzen von material niedriger qualität.
US5300216A (en) * 1991-02-15 1994-04-05 Board Of Regents Of The University Of Washington Method for initiating pyrolysis using a shock wave

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2055384C2 (de) * 1970-11-11 1982-11-25 Exxon Research and Engineering Co., 07036 Linden, N.J. Verfahren zur Gewinnung von alicyclischen konjugierten Dienmonomeren aus Kohlenwasserstoffgemischen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1784126A (en) * 1927-06-28 1930-12-09 Petroleum Conversion Corp Process of cracking hydrocarbons
US2100922A (en) * 1935-08-31 1937-11-30 Petroleum Conversion Corp Process of cracking hydrocarbons
US2319354A (en) * 1940-10-31 1943-05-18 Petroleum Conversion Corp Production of motor fuel of low sulphur content
US2952616A (en) * 1959-04-10 1960-09-13 Shell Oil Co Separation of stabilized gasoline from a reformate
US3065165A (en) * 1959-11-24 1962-11-20 Exxon Research Engineering Co Thermal cracking of hydrocarbons
US3212236A (en) * 1960-04-20 1965-10-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Process for the recovery of hydrogen from a methane-hydrogen gas stream
US3271297A (en) * 1960-12-15 1966-09-06 Bayer Ag Recycle of monoolefines to a hydrocarbon pyrolysis process

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1784126A (en) * 1927-06-28 1930-12-09 Petroleum Conversion Corp Process of cracking hydrocarbons
US2100922A (en) * 1935-08-31 1937-11-30 Petroleum Conversion Corp Process of cracking hydrocarbons
US2319354A (en) * 1940-10-31 1943-05-18 Petroleum Conversion Corp Production of motor fuel of low sulphur content
US2952616A (en) * 1959-04-10 1960-09-13 Shell Oil Co Separation of stabilized gasoline from a reformate
US3065165A (en) * 1959-11-24 1962-11-20 Exxon Research Engineering Co Thermal cracking of hydrocarbons
US3212236A (en) * 1960-04-20 1965-10-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Process for the recovery of hydrogen from a methane-hydrogen gas stream
US3271297A (en) * 1960-12-15 1966-09-06 Bayer Ag Recycle of monoolefines to a hydrocarbon pyrolysis process

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USB508119I5 (de) * 1974-09-23 1976-02-17
US3992285A (en) * 1974-09-23 1976-11-16 Universal Oil Products Company Process for the conversion of hydrocarbonaceous black oil
US4293402A (en) * 1980-03-10 1981-10-06 Phillips Petroleum Company Hydrocarbon heating
EP0427854A4 (de) * 1988-09-05 1991-01-31 Mitsui Petrochemical Ind Vorrichtung und verfahren zum zersetzen von material niedriger qualität.
US5580443A (en) * 1988-09-05 1996-12-03 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Process for cracking low-quality feed stock and system used for said process
US5300216A (en) * 1991-02-15 1994-04-05 Board Of Regents Of The University Of Washington Method for initiating pyrolysis using a shock wave

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6513579A (de) 1966-04-21
AT260399B (de) 1968-03-11
DE1443904A1 (de) 1968-12-12
GB1060198A (en) 1967-03-01
BE671157A (de) 1966-04-20
FR1450293A (fr) 1966-05-06

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