US3332854A - Solvent recovery by charcoal adsorption and steam desorption - Google Patents

Solvent recovery by charcoal adsorption and steam desorption Download PDF

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Publication number
US3332854A
US3332854A US406015A US40601564A US3332854A US 3332854 A US3332854 A US 3332854A US 406015 A US406015 A US 406015A US 40601564 A US40601564 A US 40601564A US 3332854 A US3332854 A US 3332854A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steam
chamber
steam generator
heater
sieve
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Expired - Lifetime
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US406015A
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English (en)
Inventor
Duckstein Otto
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DEZ10431A external-priority patent/DE1209105B/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0438—Cooling or heating systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30—Active carbon
    • C01B32/354—After-treatment
    • C01B32/36—Reactivation or regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/206—Organic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2064—Chlorine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
    • B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0462—Temperature swing adsorption
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for recovering solvents, particularly perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene, by absorption on activated charcoal and desorption by means of flushing with steam.
  • the question of the economy of the recovery of perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene depends both on steam consumption and on the expense of apparatus.
  • the present invention is based on the consideration that in the desorption process the activated charcoal chamber offers only such little resistance to the passage of the flushing steam that the container forming the filter chamber can in practice be regarded as an open container for the purpose of the steam boiler regulations, so that it is not subject to those regulations.
  • this circumstance can be 1 utilised both to reduce the steam consumption and to reduce the cost of apparatus by connecting the chamber containing the activated charcoal at the bottom directly to an evaporation vessel open at the top and containing a heater, while a superheater may also be disposed in the steam chamber of the vessel.
  • each individual filter forms a selfcontained unit with its steam generator and superheater, but in addition since the steam generator together with the filter now forms a practically open vessel, the entire unit can be designed without having to bear the burden of respecting the steam boiler regulations, while at the same time through the reduction of the heat losses in the connecting steam pipes and through the optimum adaptation, which is now possible in a particularly simple manner, of the properties of the flushing steam to the task of recovery it is possible to achieve a reduction of steam consumption.
  • the production of the flushing steam directly beneath the filter chamber also provides the advantage that in this way particularly favourable evapo- 3,332,854 Patented July 25, 1967 ice ration conditions are achieved with an agreeably low elevated pressure.
  • the drawing shows a longitudinal section of an appa ratus according to the invention, serving for the recovery of solvents, particularly perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene, such as is used in chemical purification plants and also in industrial metal degreasing plants, for chemical cleaning in the textile industry, and also in the extraction industry for the recovery of oils, and the like.
  • solvents particularly perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene
  • the plants serve not only to recover solvents, but also to purify the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the heaters 9 and 11 may be connected to the supply mains through a common switch.
  • a float regulator 14 is provided in the usual manner and is made fast to the container of the steam generator and in communication with the steam chamber of the steam generator through a pressure equalisation pipe connected above the level of the water.
  • the steam chamber 8 serves as an outlet chamber for the purified air; the air outlet pipe 4 is disposed in the cylindrical wall of the steam chamber.
  • the filter chamber 2 and steam generator 6 are detachably connected together by a flange connection 15.
  • a condensate interceptor 16 is installed above the heater 11 .
  • This consists of a circular cup 17 and a diaphragm or drip plate 18 lying a certain distance above the cup 17 and covering the free passage aperture of the cup 17 in such a manner that condensate forming from the activated charcoal filter or falling through the activated charcoal carrier sieve 19 is intercepted by the drip plate 18 and passes over its edges into the cup 17.
  • the cup 17 may be connected to an outlet, not shown in the drawing.
  • the heaters 9 and 11 are adjusted independently of one another in such a manner that steam passes into the filter chamber 2 with a certain degree of superheating, which is adapted to working conditions and the properties of the solvent used.
  • the steam pressure is also adapted to individual circumstances, particularly to the flow resistance in the activated charcoal filter, by adjusting the heaters.
  • the heater 9 is automatically switched off if the supply of water fails or is interrupted.
  • the superheated steam entrains the adsorbed solvent and passes by way of a dome 20 which is provided on the top of the filter chamber, and to which the supply pipe 1, now closed, for the air to be purified in the adsorption phase, and a pipe 21 into a condenser 22 in which steam and solvent condense.
  • a dome 20 which is provided on the top of the filter chamber, and to which the supply pipe 1, now closed, for the air to be purified in the adsorption phase, and a pipe 21 into a condenser 22 in which steam and solvent condense.
  • the condensates are separated from one another in a known manner in the separator 23 and discharged through condensate pipes 24 and 25.
  • the solvent thus recovered is passed direct to the cleaning plants for reuse or to storage tanks for later reuse.
  • the heated water is run out of the steam generator through a three-way valve 26. After changing over this valve again, the steam generator is automatically filled with cold water, so that the heating elements are practically continuously under water and thus not exposed to the corrosive influence of solvent gases.
  • the heating and the discharge of steam are coupled to one another in such a manner that through an interlock device 27 between the outlet valve 28 and the heating switch 29 the heater 9 is switched on only when the container is open.
  • the switches and valves 5, 5, 26, 28 and 29 can be operated by a single common handle, in order to pass from desorption to adsorption operation and vice versa. This changeover may also be made automatically, preferably in accordance with a predetermined adjustable time function, or be controlled by an instrument measuring the concentration of the solvent.
  • the pressure in the steam chamber Sis determined by the resistance of the filter charcoal 3 and of the outlet pipe. It will not exceed the value of 0.3 atmospheres gauge. The superheating is so adjusted and controlled that the maximum permissible temperature for the solvent used is not exceeded.
  • the steam generator could also be provided with another heating system instead of electric heating, although because of its simplicity and ease of operation electric heating is generally to be preferred.
  • the plant can be provided with the usual safety devices.
  • said apparatus comprising means defining a chamber containing activated charcoal including a charcoal carrier sieve,
  • first gas conduit means located on one side of said chamber and communicating therewith and a second gas conduit means located on an opposite side of said chamber and communicating therewith
  • interception means positioned between said steam generator heater and said sieve above said superheating means to intercept materials passing downwardly from said chamber toward said heater.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
US406015A 1963-10-25 1964-10-23 Solvent recovery by charcoal adsorption and steam desorption Expired - Lifetime US3332854A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEZ10431A DE1209105B (de) 1963-10-25 1963-10-25 Vorrichtung zur Rueckgewinnung von Loesungsmitteln, insbesondere von Per- und Trichloraethylen, aus Luft

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3332854A true US3332854A (en) 1967-07-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US406015A Expired - Lifetime US3332854A (en) 1963-10-25 1964-10-23 Solvent recovery by charcoal adsorption and steam desorption

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3332854A (de)
AT (1) AT249646B (de)
CH (1) CH414560A (de)
GB (1) GB1017197A (de)
SE (1) SE310486B (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3988284A (en) * 1974-01-18 1976-10-26 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Reinforced thermoplastics
US4175932A (en) * 1976-04-05 1979-11-27 Clay B Jan Method for continuous vapor recovery
US4885099A (en) * 1986-10-31 1989-12-05 J.A.C. Corporation Closed system solvent stripping and reclaiming apparatus
US4898601A (en) * 1988-07-05 1990-02-06 Casey Michael E Drycleaning residue aftercooker
EP0453588A1 (de) * 1989-05-16 1991-10-30 Calgon Carbon Corporation Verfahren zur Entfernung von Lösungsmitteln und anderen Verunreinigungen aus lösungsmittelhaltiger Luft
US7954254B2 (en) * 2002-05-15 2011-06-07 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Method for drying a product using a regenerative adsorbent
CN103127823A (zh) * 2013-02-22 2013-06-05 邹炎 具有原位再生功能的模块化烟气净化装置及再生方法
EP3693077A1 (de) * 2019-02-05 2020-08-12 ZeoSys Medical GmbH Zweistufiges verfahren der rückgewinnung von halogenierten kohlenwasserstoffen

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1504588A (en) * 1920-04-12 1924-08-12 Us Ind Alcohol Co Process of extracting oils, fats, etc.
US1863803A (en) * 1925-07-23 1932-06-21 American Lurgi Corp Apparatus for the regeneration of adsorption material
US1986165A (en) * 1932-07-14 1935-01-01 William Garrique & Company Inc Distillation apparatus
US2459951A (en) * 1945-09-22 1949-01-25 Metzner Ernest Kurt Screw conveying steam distilling apparatus for pomace
US2801958A (en) * 1955-12-09 1957-08-06 James D Fortenbacher Sludge cleaner
US2816064A (en) * 1955-10-24 1957-12-10 Barnstead Still And Sterilizer Water distillation
FR1209244A (fr) * 1958-07-10 1960-02-29 Pica Soc Nouv Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés et dispositifs de récupération de solvants volatils, et aux opérations et machines de dégraissage ou de nettoyage dit
US3089250A (en) * 1959-08-17 1963-05-14 Res Dev Co Method of recovering a volatile organic solvent from an absorbent with steam
US3177126A (en) * 1958-10-03 1965-04-06 Charreau Paul Auguste Joseph Process and apparatus for purifying solvents, more especially for the dry cleaning industry
US3183649A (en) * 1961-08-29 1965-05-18 Mass Transfer Inc Stepwise rotary adsorber including inflatable seal
US3224168A (en) * 1960-08-24 1965-12-21 Ass Elect Ind Adsorption apparatus

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1504588A (en) * 1920-04-12 1924-08-12 Us Ind Alcohol Co Process of extracting oils, fats, etc.
US1863803A (en) * 1925-07-23 1932-06-21 American Lurgi Corp Apparatus for the regeneration of adsorption material
US1986165A (en) * 1932-07-14 1935-01-01 William Garrique & Company Inc Distillation apparatus
US2459951A (en) * 1945-09-22 1949-01-25 Metzner Ernest Kurt Screw conveying steam distilling apparatus for pomace
US2816064A (en) * 1955-10-24 1957-12-10 Barnstead Still And Sterilizer Water distillation
US2801958A (en) * 1955-12-09 1957-08-06 James D Fortenbacher Sludge cleaner
FR1209244A (fr) * 1958-07-10 1960-02-29 Pica Soc Nouv Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés et dispositifs de récupération de solvants volatils, et aux opérations et machines de dégraissage ou de nettoyage dit
US3177126A (en) * 1958-10-03 1965-04-06 Charreau Paul Auguste Joseph Process and apparatus for purifying solvents, more especially for the dry cleaning industry
US3089250A (en) * 1959-08-17 1963-05-14 Res Dev Co Method of recovering a volatile organic solvent from an absorbent with steam
US3224168A (en) * 1960-08-24 1965-12-21 Ass Elect Ind Adsorption apparatus
US3183649A (en) * 1961-08-29 1965-05-18 Mass Transfer Inc Stepwise rotary adsorber including inflatable seal

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3988284A (en) * 1974-01-18 1976-10-26 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Reinforced thermoplastics
US4175932A (en) * 1976-04-05 1979-11-27 Clay B Jan Method for continuous vapor recovery
US4885099A (en) * 1986-10-31 1989-12-05 J.A.C. Corporation Closed system solvent stripping and reclaiming apparatus
US4898601A (en) * 1988-07-05 1990-02-06 Casey Michael E Drycleaning residue aftercooker
EP0453588A1 (de) * 1989-05-16 1991-10-30 Calgon Carbon Corporation Verfahren zur Entfernung von Lösungsmitteln und anderen Verunreinigungen aus lösungsmittelhaltiger Luft
US7954254B2 (en) * 2002-05-15 2011-06-07 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Method for drying a product using a regenerative adsorbent
CN103127823A (zh) * 2013-02-22 2013-06-05 邹炎 具有原位再生功能的模块化烟气净化装置及再生方法
EP3693077A1 (de) * 2019-02-05 2020-08-12 ZeoSys Medical GmbH Zweistufiges verfahren der rückgewinnung von halogenierten kohlenwasserstoffen
WO2020161115A1 (de) * 2019-02-05 2020-08-13 Zeosys Medical Gmbh Zweistufiges verfahren der rückgewinnung von halogenierten kohlenwasserstoffen
JP2022519676A (ja) * 2019-02-05 2022-03-24 ゼオシス メディカル ゲーエムベーハー ハロゲン化炭化水素の２段階回収方法
US12138579B2 (en) 2019-02-05 2024-11-12 Zeosys Medical Gmbh Two-stage method for recovering halogenated hydrocarbons
AU2020219387B2 (en) * 2019-02-05 2025-10-09 Zeosys Medical Gmbh Two-stage method for recovering halogenated hydrocarbons

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1017197A (en) 1966-01-19
AT249646B (de) 1966-09-26
CH414560A (de) 1966-06-15
SE310486B (de) 1969-05-05

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