US3347092A - Fuel economy meter - Google Patents

Fuel economy meter Download PDF

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Publication number
US3347092A
US3347092A US390679A US39067964A US3347092A US 3347092 A US3347092 A US 3347092A US 390679 A US390679 A US 390679A US 39067964 A US39067964 A US 39067964A US 3347092 A US3347092 A US 3347092A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
engine
fuel consumption
speed
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US390679A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alverd C Stutson
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Mobil Oil AS
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Mobil Oil AS
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Publication date
Application filed by Mobil Oil AS filed Critical Mobil Oil AS
Priority to US390679A priority Critical patent/US3347092A/en
Priority to GB35190/65A priority patent/GB1092559A/en
Priority to DE19651573793 priority patent/DE1573793A1/de
Priority to AT760265A priority patent/AT259905B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3347092A publication Critical patent/US3347092A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F9/00—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine
    • G01F9/02—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine wherein the other variable is the speed of a vehicle
    • G01F9/023—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine wherein the other variable is the speed of a vehicle with electric, electro-mechanic or electronic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F9/00—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine
    • G01F9/001—Measuring volume flow relative to another variable, e.g. of liquid fuel for an engine with electric, electro-mechanic or electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H2061/0015—Transmission control for optimising fuel consumptions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect

Definitions

  • This invention rel-ates to a novel method and means which aid in increasing the operating efliciency of an engine. More particularly, this invention relates to an engine efficiency indicator, which presents a correlation of fuel flow and engine speed to the fuel consumption efficiency of the engine in a manner easily understood by the vehicle driver. Additionally, this invention relates to a method wherein the fuel consumption efficiency is improved by varying the operating conditions of the engine in accordance with the indicator means referred to above.
  • the engine efiiciency indicator of this invention comprises an indicator means, such as a cathode ray tube,
  • the input, for example, to the cathode ray tube is from electrical means which are indicators of the operating variables of the engine.
  • the invention may comprise a cathode ray tube with an input from an engine speed transmitter and from a measured fuel feed transmitter wherein the integrated signal from these two variables is displayed upon an engine performance map.
  • This invention provides a solution to a long-standing problem in the automotive field. It is widely appreciated that enginesand especially commercially employed automotive engines-are operated at substantially "below optimum obtainable fuel consumption efficiency. This is a particular problem for long-haul diesel truckers. Automotive engineers and manufacturers have been continually engaged in the design and production of more efficient engines. A great deal of time and effort has been expended in providing proper gear ratio trains in transmission systems. The introduction of increasingly refined gearing systems now has made the economical transmission of power practical. A compromise between engine efficiency and convenience has been reached in the passenger vehicle field wherein 3- and 4-position gear boxes are now common. Long-haul diesel trucks often are now equipped with 15-position gear shifts in their transmission systems.
  • a device which has been suggested is a fuel efficiency indicator which directly reads fuel consumption from the contents of the fuel tank and compares actual consumption against normal or desired fuel consumption.
  • this device provides and aid in approximating fuel efficiency and engine performance, it totally lacks any guide lines which would direct the driver. This is especially true since the time response of said device is quite slow and only is helpful in averaging a performance over an appreciable span of time.
  • Yet a further object of this invention is to provide a meter which shows the vehicle driver his rate of fuel consumption and guides him to the throttle or fuel rack position, engine speed, and gear position which yields the maximum economy for his load and road speed.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a fuel economy meter which contains a performance map which indicates fuel efficiency and also guides the driver to the proper throttle or fuel rack and gear shift position which results in maximum efiiciency.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a method wherein an improved fuel economy meter is meaningfully employed by commercial vehicle drivers.
  • FIGURE 4 is a front elevation of a mechanical version of an improved fuel economy meter.
  • FIGURE 5 is a side elevation of the device of [FIG- URE 4.
  • FIGURE 6 is a top view of the device of FIGURE 4.
  • 101 represents an engine speed transmitter, of conventional design and manufacture, which transmits an electrical signal of a magnitude proportional to the speed of the engine.
  • the output of this transmitter leads, for example, to the horizontal sweep of an oscilloscope 102.
  • the position transmitter 103 in such case .is then connected to the vertical sweep of the oscilloscope 102.
  • the position transmitter transmits a signal indicative of the position of a mechanical linkage to the throttle, the fuel rack, the injector feed or of some other indicator of fuel quantity and consumption.
  • the output from the speed transmitter and the motion (position) transmitter is integrated to produce a signal upon the face of the cathode ray tube.
  • a transparent fuel performance map, 104 Superimposed upon the cathode ray tube'is a transparent fuel performance map, 104, through which the integrated signal from the cathode ray tube appears.
  • the fuel performance may be shaded to indicate the area of maximum fuel efficiency.
  • the speed transmitter, 101 is, for.
  • variable speed, variable voltage, DC generator (not shown) which leads to an amplifier (not shown) prior to transmission to the cathode ray tube.
  • the input to the speed transmitter may be a flexible shaft or other type of linkage 105 from the engine shaft.
  • the input to the motion transmitter is indicated by 106, which represents a fuel consumption indicator, derived from throttle position or fuel rack or fuel metering valve.
  • FIGURE 2 A simplified version of a motion transmitter. is shown in FIGURE 2.
  • a mechanical linkage, 107, from the throttle or fuel rack is connected to the arm of a potentiometer, 108.
  • the leads from the potentiometer extend to a power supply, 109, and to an amplifier 110.
  • Leads 111 and 112 carry the output of the amplifier to the cathode ray tube.
  • the auxiliary circuit of FIGURE 2 is not necessary when the cathode ray tube contains a built-in amplifier for horizontal and vertical sweep.
  • FIGURE 3 is a detailed example of a fuel performance map, 104.
  • the horizontal axis, 113 represents engine speed in r.p.m.
  • vertical lines, 114 extend from the horizontal axis and subdivide it into engine speeds from about 800 to 2300 r.p.m.
  • the vertical axis, 115 represents throttle or fuel rack position, or fuel injected per cycle, but is not calibrated in any particular system.
  • the contour lines 116 represent brake specific fuel consumption. For example, the lowermost line represents 0.56 lb. per brake horsepower hour (lb./BHP-hr.). Lines 117 represent the output of the vehicle in speed and horsepower and are subdivided into various gear ratios.
  • the lowermostline represents a vehicle speed of 40 miles per hour at 100 horsepower.
  • Numerals 12, 13, 14, and represent various gear positions.
  • the shaded area 118 at the uppermost portion of the map represents the smoke area which indicates an operating condition where the vehicle exhaust emits smoke. This area, of course, represents a deposit forming engine condition and an operating condition which may also be a violation of local ordinances.
  • the fuel performance map need only contain contour lines indicating brake specific fuel consumption and need not be marked to indicate specific quantities.
  • the map is shaded to indicate the smoke area and the areas of greater or less fuel consumption.
  • the operator is not required to read any figures, but merely operates his vehicle to bring the signal from the cathode ray tube within a specific shaded area upon the map.
  • the throttle position or fuel consumption represented by the vertical axis, 115 is indicative of the throttle linkage which adjusts the potentiometer, 108.
  • the throttle position is taken from the fuel pump rack, or the linkage to the foot pedal, or any measuring device for the fuel feed per engine cycle depending upon the size and type of device which is used.
  • a linkage to the foot pedal is quitesimple and accurate, up to the speed or load where an overspeed or horsepower limiting governor takes effect.
  • Such sensing devices are proportional to, or directly measure, fuel per cycle per cylinder and provide a ready signal for amplification to the cathode ray tube. The calibration of these devices is casily made by an automobile mechanic.
  • Diesel engines usually have a fuel rack maximum stop to prevent excessive smoke, cylinder depositsand excessive load damaging to the engine, and a minimum idling stop set upon the engines. These stops define the maximum and minimum positions on the performance charts. An adjustment device for calibrating the fuel economy meter to different performance charts is guided by these maximum and minimum settings.
  • the horizontal axis, 113, of FIGURE 3 is indicative of engine speed, which is obtained from a linkage to the engine.
  • Practically all engines are built with a connection for installing a tachometer.
  • the fuel economy meter is connected to the available linkage which, for example, drives a variable voltage generator.
  • a lead-in to the existing device is practical.
  • the same adaptation and adjustment with regard to calibration for the throttle position is applicable to the use of the tachometer linkage.
  • the two impulses received through the throttle position and engine speed are integrated and projected as a spot of light upon the face of the cathode ray tube.
  • the fuel performance map is, of course, transparent and is positioned upon the face of the tube to show the fuel being burned and the engine speed. Since fuel performance maps differ for each type of engine, the cathode ray tube is built to receive such maps interchangeably.
  • FIGURES 4 through 6 A further embodiment of the fuel economy meter is shown in FIGURES 4 through 6.
  • a fuel performance map 119 is mounted upon an oscillating sector 120 which is driven in response to the speed of the engine-for example by a tachometer linkage 121.
  • a target indicator 122 is mounted upon a guide wire 123 which is driven by a throttle linkage 124.
  • the other end of the guide Wire is anchored to the casing 125 for the fuel economy meter through a spring 126.
  • the guide wire travels over rollers 127 to position the target indicator 122 along the vertical axis of the fuel performance map.
  • the front of the casing 125 comprises a transparent window 128. The operation of this device is similar to its electrical counterpart described above.
  • the oscillating sector travels in a horizontal direction in proportion to the rpm. of the engine.
  • the guide wire moves the target indicator in a vertical direction in proportion to the throttle position or fuel feed per cycle per cylinder.
  • the fuel performance map is shaded to indicate the area of maximum fuel efliciency and the area in which smoking occurs, The operator of the vehicle merely adjusts his throttle position and gear shift to align the target indicator 122 With the area of maximum efiiciency on the fuel performance map.
  • This mechanical meter is quite simple in its construction, yet it accurately transmits the necessary data on fuel consumption and engine speed to permit control of such in order to yield increased fuel consumption efiiciency.
  • a simple and sturdy device has been provided to indicate fuel consumption efficiency of an engine.
  • the device shown is easily understood by the vehicle driver and leads to increased fuel consumption efficiency.
  • This novel combination of sensing devices wherein an instantaneous signal related to engine speed and fuel consumption is displayed upon an indicator means, such as a cathode ray tube, in combination with a fuel performance map, is highly effective.
  • the device is quite accurate and yet is easily employed by the driver of the vehicle. It is clear that the process of employing the fuel economy meter to indicate changes in the operating condition of the vehicle leads to great savings.
  • the devices of this invention permit the driver, by controlling the throttle and by shifting the transmission gears, to operate in the lowest fuel consumption range possible under variations in road speed, grade, and cargo 6 Weight.
  • this invention provides a novel method and means for increasing the operating efiiciency of an engine.
  • a device for indicating fuel consumption efliciency of said internal combustion engine comprising a graphical representation relating said efiiciency to a range of engine speed and a range of engine fuel consumption rate, speed signal means to generate a function representative of instantaneous engine speed, fuel signal means to generate a function representative of instantaneous rate of engine fuel consumption, indicator means including a cathode ray tube responsive to said respective signal means adapted and arranged to designate on said graphical representation a signal point corresponding to said engine speed signal and said fuel consumption signal, and hence representative of engine efliciency.
  • a device for indicating fuel consumption eificiency of said internal combustion engine comprising a graphical means indicating brake specific fuel consumption related to a range of engine speed and a range of engine fuel consumption rate, speed signal means to generate a function representative of instantaneous engine speed, fuel signal means connected to a fuel throttle means of said engine to generate a function representative of instantaneous rate of engine fuel consumption, indicator means responsive to said respective signal means adapted and arranged to designate on said graphical representation a point corresponding to said engine speed signal and said fuel consumption signal, and hence representative of engine efiiciency.
  • said speed signal means comprises a variable-speed variable-voltage generator driven by said engine and said fuel signal means comprises a potentiometer connected to said engine through a throttle linkage means wherein the output from said voltage generator and potentiometer produce a signal upon said indicator means.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
US390679A 1964-08-19 1964-08-19 Fuel economy meter Expired - Lifetime US3347092A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US390679A US3347092A (en) 1964-08-19 1964-08-19 Fuel economy meter
GB35190/65A GB1092559A (en) 1964-08-19 1965-08-17 Method and apparatus for indicating the operating efficiency of an internal combustion engine
DE19651573793 DE1573793A1 (de) 1964-08-19 1965-08-17 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Anzeigen des Betriebswirkungsgrades einer Brennkraftmaschine
AT760265A AT259905B (de) 1964-08-19 1965-08-18 Vorrichtung zur Anzeige des wirthschaftlichen Brennstoffverbrauches eines Verbrennungsmotors

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US390679A US3347092A (en) 1964-08-19 1964-08-19 Fuel economy meter

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US3347092A true US3347092A (en) 1967-10-17

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US390679A Expired - Lifetime US3347092A (en) 1964-08-19 1964-08-19 Fuel economy meter

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US (1) US3347092A (de)
AT (1) AT259905B (de)
DE (1) DE1573793A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1092559A (de)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921444A (en) * 1973-05-02 1975-11-25 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Frequency meter for vehicle running speed versus fuel consumption rate
US3930408A (en) * 1974-05-30 1976-01-06 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Maximum mileage indicator for vehicle
US4129034A (en) * 1971-04-19 1978-12-12 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Method and apparatus for checking engine performance
EP0010436A1 (de) * 1978-10-19 1980-04-30 Kiloking (Proprietary) Limited Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des Funktionierens eines Verbrennungsmotors und Kraftfahrzeug mit einem von solch einer Vorrichtung Überwachten Verbrennungsmotor
US4223553A (en) * 1978-03-18 1980-09-23 Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft Engine efficiency meter
EP0021023A3 (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-14 Vdo Adolf Schindling Ag Apparatus to determine the fuel consumption of fuel injection-engines
EP0023283A1 (de) * 1979-07-13 1981-02-04 Mannesmann Kienzle GmbH Anordnung zur Gewinnung einer Aussage bezüglich eines wirtschaftlichen und/oder unwirtschaftlichen Betriebes eines Kraftfahrzeuges
US4325123A (en) * 1978-07-28 1982-04-13 The Boeing Company Economy performance data avionic system
FR2514532A1 (fr) * 1981-10-09 1983-04-15 Honda Motor Co Ltd Dispositif d'affichage pour vehicule
FR2516650A1 (fr) * 1981-11-19 1983-05-20 Daimler Benz Ag Dispositif pour controler la consommation de carburant de vehicules automobiles comportant une boite de vitesses
WO1984000814A1 (en) * 1982-08-19 1984-03-01 Ford Motor Co Fuel efficiency monitor
US4463427A (en) * 1979-07-18 1984-07-31 Renault Vehicules Industriels Road transportation vehicle drive assist process and apparatus
US4475380A (en) * 1982-08-19 1984-10-09 Ford Motor Company Fuel efficiency monitor
US4677556A (en) * 1983-01-12 1987-06-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method for indicating speed change operations to be performed by a driver of a car
US5258756A (en) * 1990-05-11 1993-11-02 Rockwell International Corporation Apparatus and method for displaying energy management circles on displays for electronic flight instrument systems
US20110210838A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2011-09-01 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Apparatus for coaching a driver for driving operation to improve fuel efficiency
US20120323453A1 (en) * 2009-11-26 2012-12-20 Ponsse Oyj Method and apparatus in connection with forestry machine
US20230061782A1 (en) * 2021-09-01 2023-03-02 Delphi Technologies Ip Limited System and method for controlling vehicle propulsion
US12571355B1 (en) * 2024-10-25 2026-03-10 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Power systems and methods to improve engine fuel efficiency using an energy storage device

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT383431B (de) * 1982-10-25 1987-07-10 Steyr Daimler Puch Ag Hilfseinrichtung zur erzielung optimaler fahrwerte bei mit arbeitsgeraeten zusammenwirkenden acker- schleppern od. dgl.
GB2148508B (en) * 1983-09-01 1986-07-30 Kenneth John Bullock Powered boat performance analyser

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE15651E (en) * 1923-07-10 Fluid measuring and indicating mechanism
US1530061A (en) * 1921-04-30 1925-03-17 Schroeder Rudolph William Combined flow meter and speedometer
US2663186A (en) * 1944-09-05 1953-12-22 Nieburg Felix Fuel-distance meter
US3084539A (en) * 1958-03-24 1963-04-09 Gen Motors Corp Systems for determining fuel consumption of internal combustion vehicle engines

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE15651E (en) * 1923-07-10 Fluid measuring and indicating mechanism
US1530061A (en) * 1921-04-30 1925-03-17 Schroeder Rudolph William Combined flow meter and speedometer
US2663186A (en) * 1944-09-05 1953-12-22 Nieburg Felix Fuel-distance meter
US3084539A (en) * 1958-03-24 1963-04-09 Gen Motors Corp Systems for determining fuel consumption of internal combustion vehicle engines

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4129034A (en) * 1971-04-19 1978-12-12 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Method and apparatus for checking engine performance
US3921444A (en) * 1973-05-02 1975-11-25 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Frequency meter for vehicle running speed versus fuel consumption rate
US3930408A (en) * 1974-05-30 1976-01-06 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Maximum mileage indicator for vehicle
US4223553A (en) * 1978-03-18 1980-09-23 Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft Engine efficiency meter
US4325123A (en) * 1978-07-28 1982-04-13 The Boeing Company Economy performance data avionic system
EP0010436A1 (de) * 1978-10-19 1980-04-30 Kiloking (Proprietary) Limited Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des Funktionierens eines Verbrennungsmotors und Kraftfahrzeug mit einem von solch einer Vorrichtung Überwachten Verbrennungsmotor
US4280358A (en) * 1978-10-19 1981-07-28 Kiloking (Proprietary) Limited Monitoring the operation of an internal combustion engine
EP0021023A3 (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-14 Vdo Adolf Schindling Ag Apparatus to determine the fuel consumption of fuel injection-engines
EP0023283A1 (de) * 1979-07-13 1981-02-04 Mannesmann Kienzle GmbH Anordnung zur Gewinnung einer Aussage bezüglich eines wirtschaftlichen und/oder unwirtschaftlichen Betriebes eines Kraftfahrzeuges
US4463427A (en) * 1979-07-18 1984-07-31 Renault Vehicules Industriels Road transportation vehicle drive assist process and apparatus
FR2514532A1 (fr) * 1981-10-09 1983-04-15 Honda Motor Co Ltd Dispositif d'affichage pour vehicule
FR2516650A1 (fr) * 1981-11-19 1983-05-20 Daimler Benz Ag Dispositif pour controler la consommation de carburant de vehicules automobiles comportant une boite de vitesses
WO1984000814A1 (en) * 1982-08-19 1984-03-01 Ford Motor Co Fuel efficiency monitor
US4475380A (en) * 1982-08-19 1984-10-09 Ford Motor Company Fuel efficiency monitor
US4677556A (en) * 1983-01-12 1987-06-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method for indicating speed change operations to be performed by a driver of a car
US5258756A (en) * 1990-05-11 1993-11-02 Rockwell International Corporation Apparatus and method for displaying energy management circles on displays for electronic flight instrument systems
US20110210838A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2011-09-01 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Apparatus for coaching a driver for driving operation to improve fuel efficiency
US20120323453A1 (en) * 2009-11-26 2012-12-20 Ponsse Oyj Method and apparatus in connection with forestry machine
US9747731B2 (en) * 2009-11-26 2017-08-29 Ponsse Oyj Method and apparatus in connection with forestry machine
US20230061782A1 (en) * 2021-09-01 2023-03-02 Delphi Technologies Ip Limited System and method for controlling vehicle propulsion
US12259251B2 (en) * 2021-09-01 2025-03-25 BorgWarner US Technologies LLC System and method for controlling vehicle propulsion
US12571355B1 (en) * 2024-10-25 2026-03-10 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Power systems and methods to improve engine fuel efficiency using an energy storage device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT259905B (de) 1968-02-12
GB1092559A (en) 1967-11-29
DE1573793A1 (de) 1970-04-16

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