US3349282A - Method and arrangement for more rapidly heating indirectly heated cathodes in electron tubes - Google Patents

Method and arrangement for more rapidly heating indirectly heated cathodes in electron tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3349282A
US3349282A US462807A US46280765A US3349282A US 3349282 A US3349282 A US 3349282A US 462807 A US462807 A US 462807A US 46280765 A US46280765 A US 46280765A US 3349282 A US3349282 A US 3349282A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
heating
cathode
indirectly heated
arrangement
heating element
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US462807A
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English (en)
Inventor
Krieger Helmut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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Publication of US3349282A publication Critical patent/US3349282A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02—Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/20—Cathodes heated indirectly by an electric current; Cathodes heated by electron or ion bombardment
    • H01J1/22—Heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02—Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/20—Cathodes heated indirectly by an electric current; Cathodes heated by electron or ion bombardment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/20—Manufacture of screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored; Applying coatings to the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/52—Circuit arrangements for protecting such amplifiers
    • H03F1/54—Circuit arrangements for protecting such amplifiers with tubes only
    • H03F1/544—Protection of filaments

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method and device for temporarily increasing the heat supplied to an indirectly heated cathode in order to shorten heating time. High-frequency energy is supplied to the cathode heater which is converted into heat in the cathode support which surrounds the heater by induction.
  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for rapidly heating indirectly heated cathodes in electron tubes, preferably in high-power tubes.
  • the time from the instant at which the apparatus is switched on to the instant at which the apparatus is ready for operation normally depends on the heating time of the electron tubes provided therein.
  • Heating time is to be understood herein to mean the time from the instant at which a voltage is applied to the heating wire of the tube to the instant at which the normal cathode temperature is attained.
  • this heating time is very long, which is experienced as disturbing, for example, in transmitting devices which apart from the output tube, only comprise semi-conductor structural elements, since the time from the instant of switching-on to the instant at which the operating condition is attained then only depends upon the comparatively long heating time of the indirectly heated output tube.
  • the invention provides a method of rapidly heating indirectly heated cathodes in electron tubes of high power in which the said disadvantages are avoided.
  • the heater of the cathode is supplied with additional high-frequency energy during heating, which energy is converted into heat by induction in the cathode support which surrounds the heater and is constructed in the form of a closed ring.
  • the cathode support is very rapidly heated by the highfrequency energy induced in it via the heater and in this manner the heating time is reduced to 10% of the normal heating time.
  • the figure shows a heater 1 which is provided in a support 2 which takes the form of a closed ring and is coated with an emissive layer 3.
  • the normal heating energy is supplied to the heater 1 from a suitable current source 4.
  • additional high-frequency energy is supplied through a trans- 3,349,282 Patented Oct. 24, 1967 former 5 to the heating circuit for a short time after the normal current source 4 has been switched on. This highfrequency energy is produced in a generator 6 switched on for a short time.
  • the heater 1 and the cathode support 2 are to be considered as a primary winding and as a shortcircuited secondary winding of a transformer.
  • the heater 1 preferably has a helical shape, as shown in the drawing. The temperature of the heater and hence also the temperature of the emissive layer 3 is rapidly increased by the highfrequency energy induced in the support 2.
  • the coupling may be further increased, for example, in the manner shown by the provision of a ferrite core 7 in the helical filament 1.
  • the generator 6 In order that the generator 6 may become operative immediately after being switched on, it consists of semiconductor elements.
  • the energy content of the indirectly heated cathode heated to the operating temperature amounts to 1 kcal. (1 cm. of material, ca. 10 gms., 1000 C., specific heat .1 kcal./kg./T.), 1 kcal.-4000 w. sec.
  • a power of w. must constantly be supplied.
  • the high-frequency energy may alternatively be produced by a stage, for example a control stage or a pre-amplifier stage connected with the tube to be heated rapidly, for example a transmitter tube, and adapted to be correspondingly commutated.
  • a stage for example a control stage or a pre-amplifier stage connected with the tube to be heated rapidly, for example a transmitter tube, and adapted to be correspondingly commutated.
  • a circuit arrangement for rapidly heating an indirectly heated cathode in an electron discharge tube said cathode having a heating element surrounded by a cathode support
  • said circuit arrangement comprising means to connect said heating element to a source of electrical energy for heating the same, and means to couple said heating element to a source of high-frequency energy, and means to inductively couple said heating element to said cathode support to heat the same.
  • a circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 3 in which the source of high-frequency energy comprises semi-conductor elements.
  • a method of rapidly heating an indirectly heated cathode in an electron discharge tube said cathode having a heating element surrounded by a cathode support, said method comprising the steps of connecting said heating element to a source of electrical current to heat the same, and initially applying to said heating element for a predetermined period of time high-frequency energy, and inductively coupling said heating element to said cathode support to heat the same with the high-frequency energy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
US462807A 1964-08-22 1965-06-10 Method and arrangement for more rapidly heating indirectly heated cathodes in electron tubes Expired - Lifetime US3349282A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1218071 1964-08-22
DEP34937A DE1218071B (de) 1964-08-22 1964-08-22 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum schnelleren Anheizen von indirekt geheizten Kathoden in Elektronenroehren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3349282A true US3349282A (en) 1967-10-24

Family

ID=25750837

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US462807A Expired - Lifetime US3349282A (en) 1964-08-22 1965-06-10 Method and arrangement for more rapidly heating indirectly heated cathodes in electron tubes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3349282A (de)
BE (1) BE668691A (de)
CH (1) CH436495A (de)
DE (1) DE1218071B (de)
DK (1) DK113091B (de)
GB (1) GB1097706A (de)
NL (1) NL6510719A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3432690A (en) * 1966-08-31 1969-03-11 Us Army Thermionic conversion of microwave energy to direct current
US4987342A (en) * 1989-03-27 1991-01-22 Gte Products Corporation Self-ballasted glow discharge lamp having indirectly-heated cathode

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1639419B1 (de) * 1968-03-01 1971-07-29 Siemens Ag Hochfrequenzheizung fuer kathoden von hochleistungs elektro nenroehren insbesondere fuer metall kapillar kathoden grossen durchmessers
DE1789110B1 (de) * 1968-03-01 1971-09-30 Siemens Ag Hochfrequenzheizung fuer kathoden von hochleistungs elektro nenroehren ins besondere fuer metall kapillar kathoden gros sen durchme ssers

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1607467A (en) * 1922-12-21 1926-11-16 Latour Corp High-power thermionic valve
US1610561A (en) * 1922-12-11 1926-12-14 Frederick S Mccullough Power-amplifying circuit
US2147429A (en) * 1937-09-03 1939-02-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Cathode inductive heating circuit

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2813227A (en) * 1951-10-19 1957-11-12 Rca Corp Quick heating cathode for electron discharge device
FR1137688A (fr) 1954-10-22 1957-06-03 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Cathode perfectionnée

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1610561A (en) * 1922-12-11 1926-12-14 Frederick S Mccullough Power-amplifying circuit
US1607467A (en) * 1922-12-21 1926-11-16 Latour Corp High-power thermionic valve
US2147429A (en) * 1937-09-03 1939-02-14 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Cathode inductive heating circuit

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3432690A (en) * 1966-08-31 1969-03-11 Us Army Thermionic conversion of microwave energy to direct current
US4987342A (en) * 1989-03-27 1991-01-22 Gte Products Corporation Self-ballasted glow discharge lamp having indirectly-heated cathode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH436495A (de) 1967-05-31
DE1218071B (de) 1966-06-02
NL6510719A (de) 1966-02-23
BE668691A (de) 1966-02-23
GB1097706A (en) 1968-01-03
DK113091B (da) 1969-02-17

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