Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
  • D06P1/607—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives
  • D06P1/6076—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives addition products of amines and alkylene oxides or oxiranes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/655—Compounds containing ammonium groups
  • D06P1/66—Compounds containing ammonium groups containing quaternary ammonium groups
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/70—Material containing nitrile groups
  • D06P3/76—Material containing nitrile groups using basic dyes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
  • Y10S8/927—Polyacrylonitrile fiber

Definitions

• the present invention concerns a process to attain level dyeings on copolymeric acrylonitrile and especially on acrylic fibers having color saturation values in the range from about 2.5 to 6.5, the dye liquors used therefor as well as, as industrial product, the uniformly dyed material.
• a dye liquor has been used which, in addition to basic dyestuffs, contained as dye assistants tertiary, monoor bis-quaternary organic nitrogen compounds having at least one higher alkyl radical per molecule.
• these assistants detrirnentally affect the fastness to light of the dyeings obtained and block the fibers, i.e. as soon as a portion thereof has been drawn onto the fiber, they reduce the absorption power of the vfiber both for further basic dyestuff and for further dye assistant.
• polymeric, and especially copolymeric acrylonitrile fibers can be dyed in level shades while avoiding the above disadvantages by dyeing these materials in anacid, preferably organic acid and more particularly an acetic acid, dyebath which contains the basic dyestuffs and a polyamine, which latter has three or more, preferably 3 to quaternized basic nitrogen atoms, a polyglycol ether chain and at least one lipophilic substituent, whereafter the dyeing process is completed in known manner.
• anacid preferably organic acid and more particularly an acetic acid, dyebath which contains the basic dyestuffs and a polyamine, which latter has three or more, preferably 3 to quaternized basic nitrogen atoms, a polyglycol ether chain and at least one lipophilic substituent, whereafter the dyeing process is completed in known manner.
• polyamines usable in the dyeing treatment accordingto the invention are, in. particular, polyalkylene polyamine compounds the alkylene components of which are :preferably of from 2 to 3 carbon atoms each, e.g. 1,2-
• ethylene, or 1,2- or 1,3-propylene radicals the number of amino-nitrogens in these amines ranges from 3 to 5 and is preferably 3; forexample, diethylenetriamine, tri- 3,355,243 Patented Nov. 28, 1967 ethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine or dipropylenetriamine are compounds from which the polyamines usable according to the invention are derived.
• the latter polyamines further contain as lipophilic substituent an 5 alkyl or alkenyl radical having, particularly, 14 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples of such radicals are the tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl or eicosyl or the oleyl radical.
• the polyglycol ether chain of the polyamines usable according to the invention has about 10 to 50, and preferably from 15 to 20 alkyleneoxy groups; these are mainly ethylene oxy groups and there may be present in the chain a minor portion, preferably from one to two individual propyleneoXy or styreneoxy groups.
• polyamines are obtained by adding the desired alkylene oxide component and if desired also minor amounts of styrene oxide to the polyamine having at least one lipophilic radical and three or more nitrogen atoms.
• the addition products thus obtained are then quaternized to form the product to be used according to the invention with an ester derived from a low aliphatic or araliphatic alcohol and a strong acid, e.g.
• dimethyl or diethyl sulfate ethyl chloride or ethyl bromide, or benzyl chloride, arylsulfonic acid alkyl esters such as p-toluene sulfonic acid methyl or ethyl ester, chloroacetic or bromoacetic acid methyl or ethyl ester or chloropropionic or bromopropionic acid methyl or ethyl ester.
• N octadecyl diethylenetriamine condensed with ethylene oxide and permethylated with dimethyl sulfate to a product containing a polyglycol ether chain having 15 to 2'0 ethyleneoxy groups has an excellent levelling action.
• the basic dyestuffs used according to the invention are advantageously of the following dyestuif classes: thiazines, oxazines, diphenylmethanes, triphenylmethanes,
• rhodamines azo, anthraquinone dyestuffs and, preferably,
• monoazo, methine and azamethine dyestuffs which all contain onium groups, the onium groups being mainly ammonium groups.
• copolymeric acrylonitrile fibers those fiber materials are used, the fiber-forming substance of which consists of a synthetic long-chain polymer comprising at least by weight of acrylonitrile and which possess suflicient dyesites to impart to the fibers a color saturation value above 2, and especially in the range of about 2.5 to 6.5.
• the acid groups of copolymer effecting the afiinity of the dyestulf are mainly the carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid amide or hydroxy groups as well as the sulfonic acid group.
• the balance is essentially derived from vinylpyridines and other monomers copolymerizable with acrylonitrile which are described, for instance, in Canadian Patent 557,597, issued May 20, 1958.
• Suitable acrylic fibers which satisfy the above require- 3 the invention when mixed with other fibers, e.g. with cellulose or polyamide fibers, in particular, however, with wool.
• These fibers are dyed by the exhaustion process from short, concentrated dye baths (goods-to-liquor ratio of 1:5) as well as from long dye baths (goods-to-liquor ratio of 1:100) at a temperature of preferably 60 to 100 C.
• the finished fibers are then rinsed and dried.
• the dosage of the aforesaid polyamine dye assistant in the dye bath ranges between 1 and 2% calculated on the weight of the goods. Deep dyeings require less levelling agent than light shades.
• the acid reaction of the liquor is preferably adjusted by addition of organic acid, in particular formic acid, acetic acid or tartaric acid.
• organic acid in particular formic acid, acetic acid or tartaric acid.
• 80%-acetic acid is added in amounts of 2 to and in particular 4 to 6%, calculated on the weight of the goods to be dyed in the bath.
• the dyeings obtained according to the invention on the above described types of acrylic fiber materials are very level and fast to light. They can easily be re-dyed or cross-dyed.
• the inventive process for dyeing polymeric and especially copolymeric acrylonitrile fibers has among others the following advantages over similar known processes: It does not block the fibers; it affords a better dyestuif yield, especially in deeper shades; an overdosage of the polyamine used according to the invention does not decrease the dyestuif yield; the process permits an easy crossdyeing of light shaded parts to deeper shades and does not adversely influence the fastness of dyeings obtained with basic dyestuffs.
• the liquor is heated to 80 within 10 minutes and then the temperature is raised at the rate of half a degree centigrade per minute to the boil.
• the material is left in the liquor for 2 hours at this temperature and then the liquor is allowed to cool to within 30 minutes.
• the material so dyed is then taken out of the dyebath, and rinsed first with lukewarm and then with cold water.
• the hanks of polyacrylonitrile are dyed a very level grey color, and have good fastness to light.
• the dyeings can easily be cross-dyed.
• This solution is added to a solution of g. of sodium 3 grams (g.) of C.I. Basic Blue 41, i.e. dyestufi of the formula v are pasted at room temperature with 5 g. of 80%-acetic acid. Then 250 milliliters (m1) of hot water are poured sulfate and 2 g.
• dye assistant is a permethylated N-octadecyl-diethylene triamine which contains a polyglycol ether chain having to ethyleneoxy groups.
• An acid dye liquor for use in the production of level dyeings on copolymeric acrylonitrile fibers having dyesites corresponding to a color saturation value above 2, said acid dye liquor containing at least one basic dyestuif for coloring said fibers and, as dye assistant, a polyamine the molecule of which consists of a polyalkene polyamine moiety having from three to five quaternized basic nitrogen atoms, a polyglycol ether chain of from 10 to 50 ethyleneoxy groups and at least one lipophilic substituent.
• polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 15 to 20 equivalents of ethylene oxide with N-octadecyl diethylenetriamine quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• said polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 20 mols of ethylene oxide and 2 mols of styrene oxide With N-octadecyl diethylenetriamine, per mol of the latter, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• said polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 15 to 20 mols of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of propylene oxide with 1 mol of N-octadecyl-diethylenetriamine, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 20 mols of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of N-octadecyl-diethylenetriamine, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 12 mols of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of N-oleyl-triethylenetetramine, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 15 mols of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of N-hexadecyl-tetraethylenepentamine, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 15 to 20 mols of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of N-octadecyldipropylenetriamine, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• a dye liquor according to claim 4, wherein said polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 20 mols of ethylene oxide and 2 mols of styrene oxide with N-octadecyl diethylenetriamine, per mol of the latter, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• a dye liquor according to claim 4, wherein said polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 15 to 20 mols of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of propylene oxide with 1 mol of N-octadecyl-diethylenetriamine, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• a dye liquor according to claim 4, wherein said polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 20 mols of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of N-octadecyldiethylenetriarnine, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• a dye liquor according to claim 4, wherein said polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 12 mols of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of N-oleyl-triethylenetetramine, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.
• a dye liquor according to claim 4, wherein said polyamine dye assistant is the condensation product of 15 to 20 rnols of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of N-octadecyl-dipropylenetriarnine, quaternized with dimethyl sulfate.

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• Textile Engineering (AREA)
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Citations (5)

• 1963
  • 1963-06-11 CH CH728463A patent/CH401900A/de unknown
• 1964
  • 1964-06-08 US US374233A patent/US3355243A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1964-06-10 GB GB24029/64D patent/GB1017942A/en not_active Expired
  • 1964-06-10 AT AT499364A patent/AT256767B/de active
  • 1964-06-10 DE DEP1267A patent/DE1267658B/de active Pending
  • 1964-06-10 BE BE649078D patent/BE649078A/xx unknown
  • 1964-06-10 ES ES300841A patent/ES300841A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1964-06-10 NL NL6406567A patent/NL6406567A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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