US3359901A - Explosive shell having contact fuse detonated by shearing of flange on fuse body - Google Patents

Explosive shell having contact fuse detonated by shearing of flange on fuse body Download PDF

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Publication number
US3359901A
US3359901A US471086A US47108665A US3359901A US 3359901 A US3359901 A US 3359901A US 471086 A US471086 A US 471086A US 47108665 A US47108665 A US 47108665A US 3359901 A US3359901 A US 3359901A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuse
shell
casing
impact
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US471086A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bedall Hans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Verwaltungs Stiftung
Original Assignee
Diehl GmbH and Co
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Filing date
Publication date
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/04—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
    • F42C1/06—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact for any direction of impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/04—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT F THE DISCLOSURE Contact fuse arrangement in which the fuse has a cylindrical casing in a cylindrical cavity in the shell end with a shearable flange on the casing engaging the nose end of the shell and with the nose end of the casing having a sharp edge to dig into an object upon oblique contact of the shell with the object.
  • the present invention relates to an rarrangement of a contact or percussion fuse or an inertia fuse in easily deformable shells as, for instance, hollow charge shells and the like in which the fuse is varranged in the head or nose of the shell.
  • the invention is furthermore concerned with the design of such fuses.
  • the time required for igniting a bursting charge by means of a contact or inertia fuse amounts to approximately 5 10-5 seconds, counting from the moment when the shell hits the target up to the ignition of the charge. With an impact speed of 300 meters per second, this time period corresponds to a ight distance of millimeters.
  • An inertia fuse to become eifective, requires not only a retardation or braking of a defined minimum value but in addition thereto, only a limited deviation in the angle of impact is permissible.
  • a nonpermissible strong deformation of the shell occurs which, in turn, harmfully affects the effectiveness of the shell to a considerable extent.
  • FIGURE l is a side View of a hollow charge shell hav- 3,359,901 Patented Dec. 26, 1967 ICC ing its head or nose provided with 'a fuse according to the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 shows in section the top portion .of FIG- URE l on a larger scale than that of FIGURE l;
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates a partial section through a contact or percussi-on fuse with an impact amplifying device according to the present invention
  • FIGURE 4 shows a longitudinal section through an inertia fuse according to the present invention
  • FIGURE 5 illustrates a safety device for use in connection with the fuse according to FIGURE 4.
  • the arrangement according to the present invention is characterized prirnarly in that the fuse is axially displaceably guided in the head or nose portion of the shell and held in such a way that in the starting position, upon tiring, it protrudes beyond the head of the shell by a distance corresponding at least to the time period required from the impact of the head plate upon the target up to the ignition of the charge of the shell.
  • the fuse is held in its protruding position up to the impact upon the target by a member adapted to be sheared off.
  • the contact fuse or especially the inertia fuse may be inserted in la central tube of the shell or shell cap without the intervention of a thread and may rest with an annular collar against the end face of the tube serving as shearing ring.
  • the head plate which is adapted to be pressed in or which is arranged on the fuse body so as to be displaceable in transverse or inclined direction, may enc-ase a priming cap by means or a recess, while the priming cap is provided with an ogivally caved-out charge sitting on a priming anvil of the fuse body. Bores provided in the anvil extend into a channel leading to the priming means of the fuse.
  • a preferably crowned body of tough and elastic synthetic material may be provided in the head of the shell and serve as a protective member.
  • a safety device permitting a safe transport of the shell.
  • This safety device I may be designed as a resilient clamp with a pin extending into the range of displacement of the inertia body of the fuse while an elastic ring surrounding the pin lserves as a seal for the bores of the fuse provided for the introduction of the pin.
  • FIG. l shows a hollow charge shell 1 with a sheet metal hood 2, while a fuse 3 protrudes from the top portion of said hood.
  • hood 2 is provided with a centrically arranged tube 4 protruding beyond the end portion of hood 2.
  • a -fuse body 3 is pressed into the tube 4, said fuse body being of cylindrical outer shape and provided with a percussion cap or primer 5.
  • Fuse body 3 has arranged thereon an annular collar 6 resting against the end face 0f tube 4.
  • the front end of fuse body 3 is provided with a at plate 7.
  • the cylindrical portion 8 of fuse body 3 which is located in front of collar 6 when looking in the firing direction of said shell is preferably smaller' in diameter than the portion 8a behind collar 6, portion 8a frictionally engaging the inner wall of tube 4.
  • head plate 7 is flanged or beaded in a thin-wallfai portion 10 of a fuse head portion 9.
  • a priming or ignition mechanism known per se, as shown, for instance, in greater detail in FIG. 4, in FIG. 3 only a back-firing sleeve 11 being shown.
  • a liring pin or percussion needle .12 is provided with a head 13 designed as piston and guided in a cylinder 14 of head portion ⁇ 9. Firing pin or percussion needle 12 is through the intervention of -a disk 15 held in the position shown in FIG. 3 by means of a helical pressure spring 16 surrounding needle 12..
  • Piston 13 is axially displaceably guided in Cylinder 14.
  • a primer anvil 18 In a widened bore 17 of head portion 9 there is provided a primer anvil 18, a bore 1% of which leads into lcylinder 14. Anvil 18 has placed thereover a priming cap 20 which is lled with a priming charge 21 corresponding to the shape of anvil 18 and hollowed or carved out so as to be of ogival shape.
  • Head plate 7 encases priming cap 20 from the outside by means of a cup-'shaped recess 22 provided in a conical extension 23 of head plate 7.
  • the fuse is inserted into the head of a shell designed as cylindrical tube 4.
  • the fuse comprises a cylindrical tube 3 the outer diameter of which is so selected that it is insertable into and frictionally engages tube 4, and furthermore comprises a collar 6 resting against the end of tube 4.
  • the interior of tube 3 has inserted therein an inertia fuse mechanism known per se, which comprises a percussion cap or primer which is by means of a threaded ring 2.4 screwed into an axially displaceable inertia body 25.
  • Body 25 is guided in tube 3 while its axial movement is limited in rearward direction by an abutment ring 26.
  • Body 25 is centrically screwed into a guiding member 27 which has axially displaceably arranged thereon backiriug sleeve 11 while percussion needle 12 extends through a central bore in guiding member 27.
  • a helical pressure spring 29 which in its rest position presses body 25 against abutment ring 26 and also presses sleeve 11 toward the front (in firing direction of the shell) against an enlarged collar 30 in guiding member 27.
  • Sleeve 11 has provided therein a band-shaped woundup butler spring 31 which rests on collar 30. Similar to the arrangement according to FIG. 3, a helical pressure spring 16 is provided between guiding member 27 and dislt which is coupled with percussion needle 12. Spring 16 presses disk 15 against head portion 32 which is screwed into the front portion of fuse body 3, while the upper end of needle 12 protrudes into a recess 33 of head portion 32.
  • Head portion 32 has an approximately cylindrical outer shape and has its front side (when looking in firing direction) provided with a conical recess 34 merging into a cylindrical recess 35. In this way head portion 32 forms a sharp-edged rim 36 which assures a reliable gripping effect and thereby a reaction of the fuse already at acute impact angles of approximately 15 to 20.
  • Recesses 34 and 35 have pressed thereinto a body 37 consisting of elastic synthetic material, for instance polyethylene, and provided with a -crowned surface 38, a stepped shank 39 and a cylindrical clamping plug 40.
  • Body 37 on one hand prevents injury at the sharp-edged margin of rirn 36 and on the other hand serves as protection during a perpendicular fall of the shell onto its tip up to 1.5 meters.
  • a coat or cover 41 preferably of somewhat brittle material, and extending around the head portion 32.
  • the rearward portion of cover 41 i.e. that portion which extends towards fuse body 3, approximately has the same diameter as collar 6, whereas its front portion tapers towards body 37.
  • a small extension 42 at head portion 32 prevents an undesired sliding of cover 41 in forward direction.
  • tube 4 ot' the shell and fuse body 3 are provided with one lateral bore 43 each, the two bores 43 being in axial alignment with each other.
  • a pin 44 is adapted to be passed through these bores and is adapted to extend into the range of displacement of collar 28 at sleeve 11.
  • Pin 44 is riveted to a resilient clamp 45 adapted to be inserted into an annular groove 46 of tube 4.
  • a ring 47 of rubber or synthetic material and slipped on pin 44 seals bores 43 against penetration of water or steam and the like.
  • clamp 45 is provided with radially aring ends 43 permitting a fast removal of the clamp from tube 4 and thereby a fast preparation of the shell for firing.
  • wound-up spring 31 is freed and will rest from the inside against fuse body 3 after it has been released by collar 30 during a rearward sliding movement of sleeve 11.
  • inertia body 25 will, in view of the fast deceleration and braking of the fuse, move forwardly so that percussion needle 12 will pierce percussion cap 5.
  • u-pon impact of head portion 32 fuse body 3 is pounded into tube 4.
  • the annular end face of tube 4 will shear off collar 6 of fuse body 3 so that the entire fuse will be pushed into tube 4 without, however, deforming to any appreciable degree hood 2 which is connected to tube 4.
  • the possible movement of displacement of the fuse amounts to 20 millimeters or more. Coat or cover 41 is destroyed upon impact, for instance, is crushed.
  • the fuse according to FIG. 3 operates as Contact fuse in the following manner.
  • priming cap 2t When plate 7 impacts upon a target, for instance head-on or from the side, priming cap 2t) with priming charge 21 impacts upon anvil 18.
  • the thus produced gas pressure acts upon piston 13 of needle 12 and propels the same toward the rear whereby it pierces percussion cap 5 in a manner similar to and with the same means as described and shown in FIG. 4.
  • a fuse structure for an easily deformable shell adapted for having an explosive charge therein, said shell having a bore in its nose end, a fuse casing in the said bore having a percussion cap operable when ignited to detonate said charge, and means in the casing operable upon impact of the shell against an object for igniting said percussion cap, said casing having a portion protruding from the nose end of said shell a distance substantially equal to the distance the shell will travel during the interval from said impact of the shell against an object up to ignition of said percussion cap, the outermost end of said casing having an axial bore therein with a ared mouth, a resilient member having a shank in said bore and a disc-like head tting said ared mouth and convex on the outer side, said fuse casing including an axially short shearable annular collar thereon engaging the nose end of the shell and which collar will shear off upon the impact of the shell against an object, said fuse casing closely ting said bore but being slidable inwardly in the
  • a fuse structure for an easily deformable shell adapted for having an explosive charge therein, said shell having a bore in its nose end, a fuse casing in the said bore having a percussion cap operable when ignited to detonate said charge, and means in the casing operable upon impact of the shell against an object for igniting said percussion cap, said casing having a portion protruding from the nose end of said shell a distance substantially equal to the distance the shell will travel during the interval from said impact of the shell against an object up to ignition of said percussion cap, said fuse comprising a pin extending in the axial direction of the shell and spaced from said percussion cap, said pin and cap being moveable relatively in the axial direction of the shell to etfect engagement of the pin With the said percussion cap to ignite the same, said fuse casing having a relatively thin walled cylindrical nose end, a ldisc-like head plate seated in said nose end of the fuse casing, a shank portion on said head plate extending rearwardly therefrom and substantially smaller
  • a fuse structure according to c'lairn 2 in which said head plate engages said nose end at the outer extremity only of said head plate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
US471086A 1964-07-14 1965-07-12 Explosive shell having contact fuse detonated by shearing of flange on fuse body Expired - Lifetime US3359901A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED44936A DE1210362B (de) 1964-07-14 1964-07-14 Aufschlagzuender fuer Geschosse
DED45043A DE1225999B (de) 1964-07-14 1964-07-25 Aufschlagzuender

Publications (1)

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US3359901A true US3359901A (en) 1967-12-26

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US471086A Expired - Lifetime US3359901A (en) 1964-07-14 1965-07-12 Explosive shell having contact fuse detonated by shearing of flange on fuse body

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3359901A (de)
BE (1) BE666840A (de)
CH (1) CH440047A (de)
DE (2) DE1210362B (de)
GB (1) GB1064333A (de)
NL (1) NL6508761A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3738275A (en) * 1971-04-22 1973-06-12 Us Army Ammunition target discriminator
US3980021A (en) * 1973-05-18 1976-09-14 A/S Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Projectile having at least two charges

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH623408A5 (de) * 1977-10-20 1981-05-29 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1706802A (en) * 1925-07-24 1929-03-26 Schneider & Cie Means for igniting the bursting charge of projectiles
US2359317A (en) * 1940-01-16 1944-10-03 William J Landen Projectile
US2426171A (en) * 1944-09-28 1947-08-26 Robert M Alverson Protective device for rocket components
US2601827A (en) * 1946-12-07 1952-07-01 Fur Die Entwieklung Von Erfind Fuse
US2892411A (en) * 1951-12-06 1959-06-30 Calvin F Brown Crystal point detonation fuze
US3119338A (en) * 1959-10-13 1964-01-28 Bombrini Parodi Delfino Spa Delay detonators for priming devices

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2402276A (en) * 1942-07-22 1946-06-18 Margaret Kinsler Licbert Safety device for projectiles
US2972306A (en) * 1952-08-27 1961-02-21 Kabik Irving Impact responsive electric primer
CH384416A (de) * 1960-03-02 1964-11-15 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Aufschlagzünder, insbesondere für drallarme Geschosse

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1706802A (en) * 1925-07-24 1929-03-26 Schneider & Cie Means for igniting the bursting charge of projectiles
US2359317A (en) * 1940-01-16 1944-10-03 William J Landen Projectile
US2426171A (en) * 1944-09-28 1947-08-26 Robert M Alverson Protective device for rocket components
US2601827A (en) * 1946-12-07 1952-07-01 Fur Die Entwieklung Von Erfind Fuse
US2892411A (en) * 1951-12-06 1959-06-30 Calvin F Brown Crystal point detonation fuze
US3119338A (en) * 1959-10-13 1964-01-28 Bombrini Parodi Delfino Spa Delay detonators for priming devices

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3738275A (en) * 1971-04-22 1973-06-12 Us Army Ammunition target discriminator
US3980021A (en) * 1973-05-18 1976-09-14 A/S Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Projectile having at least two charges

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1064333A (en) 1967-04-05
CH440047A (de) 1967-07-15
BE666840A (de) 1965-11-03
DE1225999B (de) 1966-09-29
NL6508761A (de) 1966-01-17
DE1210362B (de) 1966-02-03

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