US3361366A - Apparatus for mixing solid particles with fluids, or fluids together, in particular at the burners themselves, and applications thereof - Google Patents

Apparatus for mixing solid particles with fluids, or fluids together, in particular at the burners themselves, and applications thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US3361366A
US3361366A US513947A US51394765A US3361366A US 3361366 A US3361366 A US 3361366A US 513947 A US513947 A US 513947A US 51394765 A US51394765 A US 51394765A US 3361366 A US3361366 A US 3361366A
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Prior art keywords
chamber
inlet
fluids
orifice
stream
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Expired - Lifetime
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US513947A
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English (en)
Inventor
Marc Marie Paul Rene Fourniere
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CIVILE D'ETUDES Ste
ILE D ETUDES SOC CIV
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ILE D ETUDES SOC CIV
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour

Definitions

  • the present invention has for its object improvements to apparatus for mixing solid particles with fluids, or fluids together, in particular at the burners themselves, these improvements being preferably used in the form of com binations-since it is thus that they provide most advantage'sbut being also applicable individually without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • a broad object of my invention is to provide a thorough distribution of a fluid or a fluidized material in a gaseous flow according to the specific mathematical laws governing such flow and no more according to the hazard or statistic laws.
  • a more specific object of my invention is to provide a distribution of a liquid or of solid particles throughout a gaseous stream having circular parallel cross-sections and all around the axis thereof in such a way that in a cross-section of this stream the quantity of distributed material is the same all around the stream axis at the same distance of this axis, such quantity varying from one crosssection to the next one along said axis, and also in any cross-section in dependence on the distance from the stream axis.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide all around the stream axis a stoichiometric surface of revolution, i.e., a continuous surface at each point thereof the ratio of the quantity of distributed material flowing through said point per unit of time of the quantity of the gaseous material of the stream flowing through the same point during the same unit of time is the same.
  • a still more particular object of my invention is, when the material to be distributed is a liquid, to pulverize this liquid material without pressurizing it before, merely using therefor the high speed of rotation of a free vortex core quite close to its axis, thereby using part of the vortex kinetic rotary energy which is produced by a selftransformation of its pressure which may fall below the atmospheric pressure in some instances.
  • a specific object of my invention is then to use as pulverizing energy a portion of the potential energy or enthalpy of the stream gaseous material at atmospheric pressure.
  • a still further object is to use the reduced pressure prevailing in the core of the vortex to cause the material to be distributed to flow into the gaseous stream, i.e., to be the determining cause of this flow of the material to be distributed, which otherwise, i.e., without the assistance of said reduced pressure would not flow into the stream.
  • a more specific object of my invention is the provision of a burner which will be capable of burning conveniently heavy, thick or muddy fuels, comminuted solid material such as, for instance, pulverized coal, combustible waste ?atented Jan. 2, 1%68 materials such as for instance saw dust, oily waste material in oil distilleries, and so on. More particularly my invention aims therefore to provide a burner having as fuel supplying means into a gaseous vortex stream a mere duct having a discharge orifice substantial cross-section not liable to be easily clogged up, i.e., a discharge orifice the cross section of which will be not less than half of a square inch and preferably more than one square inch.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view, with partial cutaway, of a burner with two concentric spiral chambers designed so that the two concentric streams emerging from them should gyrate in opposite directions;
  • FIG. 2 is a corresponding side-view
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a further embodiment.
  • the burner comprises a chamber 1 provided with an orifice 2, cross-sections of which chamber through planes perpendicular to the axis of this orifice constitute logarithmic spirals the pole of which is located on the axis of the orifice 2.
  • a chamber 3 On one side of this chamber 1, and in the present instance adjacent to it, is arranged a chamber 3, also of spiral contour, having its pole located on the axis of the orifice 2 and provided with an orifice 4 which is coaxial with the orifice 2 and of large diameter than the latter.
  • the orifice 4 is provided with an extension tube 5 which is initially cylindrical but which subsequently spreads outwards.
  • the chamber 3 is crossed from end to end by a tube 6 which first comprises a cylindrical portion forming an axial extension of the orifice 2 and then a conical portion which terminates inside the tube 5.
  • This tube 6 and the chamber 1 are crossed axially from end to end by a pipe 7 which terminates close to the extremity of the tube 6 and which extends outwards of the chamber 1 before dipping into a tank 9 for containing the liquid fuel to feed the burner.
  • This tank 9 may either be independent of the chamber 1 or, on the contrary, be integral therewith.
  • the air delivered through the conduit 12 emerges from the orifice 4 likewise in the form of a vortex stream and, in this case, the two chambers 1 and 3 are arranged so that the air streams emerging from orifices 2 and 4 respectively should gyrate in opposite directions to each other; in other Words, the spiral walls of 3 these two chambers move away from the axis by rotating in opposite directions (FIG. 2).
  • the annular stream emerging through the orifice 4 envelops the central vortex which emerges from the tube 6 and activates combustion in the peripheral zone of this latter stream, namely in the zone where the liquid particles not yet vaporized tend to accumulate under the effect of centrifugal force.
  • the burner shown in FIG. 3 differs from that in FIG. 2 merely in the way in which the enveloping annular stream is produced.
  • the chamber 312 which produces this enveloping stream is not connected to the delivery orifice 13b of the fan but communicates with the open air via the conduit 12b, so that air circulation in this chamber 3b is obtained by the suction effect exerted within the tube by the central stream emerging from the conduit 6.
  • Critical data are to be observed to attain the objects set forth here above, namely: the speed of rotation of the vortex at the point of discharge of the fuel must not be less than fifty meters and preferably not less than eighty meters and more when liquid fuel is to be pulverized; the ratio between the flow cross-sections of the inlet and outlet of the spiral chamber 1 must be comprised between 1 and 1.5 to provide a free vortex having a highly revolving core quite close to the axis; the length of the inlet of the vortex forming chamber 1 perpendicularly to the outlet axis, or vortex axis, must be less than half the diameter of this circular outlet, and preferably substantially equal to one third of said diameter.
  • My invention is not limited to the use of spiral chamhere for the formation of a gaseous free vortex.
  • Other known means may be used, for instance mere cylindrical or conical ducts provided with a tangential inlet and having circular outlet, whether of restricted cross-section or not.
  • the material supplying tube may have its discharge orifice provided in the vortex forming body such as 1, more or less close to the bottom thereof other than that provided with the circular outlet.
  • wall means providing a mixing chamber with such chamber having a circular inlet at one end thereof, means connected to the inlet adapted to form a gaseous flow into a free vortex and introducing it into said chamber through the inlet, said introducing means including wall means forming a chamber having a circular orifice coaxialto said inlet and an inlet arranged to provide for a gaseous flow directed transversely of the axis of said circular orifice, thereby to form a gaseous flow entering said chamber into said free vortex, means to force a gaseous flow into said chamber through said inlet and duct means having a discharge orifice of relatively large cross-section located quite close to the axis of said circular orifice to supply into said free vortex said material to be distributed, said supply taking place without said material being pressurized before and the reduced pressure prevailing in the core of said free vortex being the determining causal force of the flow of said material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
US513947A 1957-06-21 1965-12-15 Apparatus for mixing solid particles with fluids, or fluids together, in particular at the burners themselves, and applications thereof Expired - Lifetime US3361366A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR741546A FR1287306A (fr) 1957-06-21 1957-06-21 Perfectionnements aux appareils de mélange de particules solides et de fluides, ou de fluides entre eux, notamment aux brûleurs, et applications

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3361366A true US3361366A (en) 1968-01-02

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US513947A Expired - Lifetime US3361366A (en) 1957-06-21 1965-12-15 Apparatus for mixing solid particles with fluids, or fluids together, in particular at the burners themselves, and applications thereof

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US (1) US3361366A (fr)
DE (1) DE1288721B (fr)
FR (1) FR1287306A (fr)
GB (1) GB898900A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2111474A1 (de) * 1970-03-17 1971-10-07 Lowndes Engineering Co Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Vernebeln
US4801261A (en) * 1987-03-19 1989-01-31 Eagleair, Inc. Apparatus and method for delivery of combustion air in multiple zones
US5211705A (en) * 1987-03-19 1993-05-18 Damper Design, Inc. Apparatus and method for delivery of combustion air in multiple zones

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5927961A (en) * 1993-07-09 1999-07-27 International Thermal Investments Ltd. Multifuel burner with pressurized fuel-holding tank
US20010049079A1 (en) * 1993-07-09 2001-12-06 Edgar C. Robinson Multifuel infrared burner with adjustable metering valve

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR612699A (fr) * 1926-03-12 1926-10-28 Tuyère pour brûleurs
US2097255A (en) * 1937-10-26 Method of and apparatus fob burn
US2565879A (en) * 1947-03-28 1951-08-28 Persiro Mfg Corp Burner for combustion chambers

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR430846A (fr) * 1911-06-10 1911-10-25 Robert Lucien D Espujols Appareil de chauffage à combustible liquide pour foyers de chaudières, fours et autres
GB224965A (en) * 1923-08-23 1924-11-24 John Reid Improvements relating to furnaces
GB240583A (en) * 1924-07-21 1925-10-08 John Reid Improvements relating to the combustion of liquid fuel in furnaces
US1801431A (en) * 1927-01-21 1931-04-21 Foster Wheeler Corp Method and apparatus for burning fuel
DE575923C (de) * 1930-05-15 1933-05-05 Walter Koerner Gasbrenner
US1934837A (en) * 1931-08-11 1933-11-14 Swinney Brothers Ltd Liquid fuel burner or atomizer
DE679016C (de) * 1933-09-16 1939-07-27 Wiliam Frederick Wiltshire OEl- oder Staubbrenner
US2090568A (en) * 1936-12-29 1937-08-17 Electrol Inc Method of oil burning
US2233529A (en) * 1939-01-25 1941-03-04 Frank E Herr Combustion tube
US2539165A (en) * 1946-11-30 1951-01-23 Cyclotherm Corp Dispersible fuel burner having a reverse gas flow flame stabilizer
FR976758A (fr) * 1948-10-15 1951-03-22 Perfectionnements apportés aux brûleurs à huile lourde
FR1053386A (fr) * 1952-04-03 1954-02-02 Brûleur à combustible liquide et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre
DE1740498U (de) * 1954-09-20 1957-02-28 Karl Johan Henrik Hune Vorrichtung an brennerkoepfen fuer oelheizungsaggregate.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2097255A (en) * 1937-10-26 Method of and apparatus fob burn
FR612699A (fr) * 1926-03-12 1926-10-28 Tuyère pour brûleurs
US2565879A (en) * 1947-03-28 1951-08-28 Persiro Mfg Corp Burner for combustion chambers

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2111474A1 (de) * 1970-03-17 1971-10-07 Lowndes Engineering Co Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Vernebeln
US3633825A (en) * 1970-03-17 1972-01-11 David W Waldron Fogging apparatus
US4801261A (en) * 1987-03-19 1989-01-31 Eagleair, Inc. Apparatus and method for delivery of combustion air in multiple zones
US5211705A (en) * 1987-03-19 1993-05-18 Damper Design, Inc. Apparatus and method for delivery of combustion air in multiple zones

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB898900A (en) 1962-06-14
FR1287306A (fr) 1962-03-16
DE1288721B (de) 1969-02-06

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