US3372095A - Separator - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3372095A
US3372095A US409258A US40925864A US3372095A US 3372095 A US3372095 A US 3372095A US 409258 A US409258 A US 409258A US 40925864 A US40925864 A US 40925864A US 3372095 A US3372095 A US 3372095A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
column
shaft
liquid
devices
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US409258A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ralph G Nester
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nester and Faust Manufacturing Corp
Original Assignee
Nester and Faust Manufacturing Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nester and Faust Manufacturing Corp filed Critical Nester and Faust Manufacturing Corp
Priority to US409258A priority Critical patent/US3372095A/en
Priority to DE19651542336 priority patent/DE1542336A1/de
Priority to CH1529765A priority patent/CH434204A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3372095A publication Critical patent/US3372095A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/16—Apparatus having rotary means, other than rotatable nozzles, for atomising the cleaning liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/30—Fractionating columns with movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S159/00—Concentrating evaporators
    • Y10S159/15—Special material

Definitions

  • a rotatable shaft having an embossed surface, the raised parts being in the form of helices extending along a substantial part of the shaft is provided, which shaft is placed within a column to be used in separation of liquids, as by distillation.
  • the dimensions of the said shaft are such that in operation contact is made between the outermost portions of the helices and the inside Walls of the column.
  • the helices are present in the form of from about 0.5 to about 8 turns per inch.
  • the apparatus also includes means for rotating the shaft, means for removing the material transported through the column, a means to connect the apparatus to a vacuum source and a reservoir for separated material.
  • This invention relates to apparatus for separating liquids. More particularly, it relates to apparatus for use in fractionating columns or a scrubbing tower and the like.
  • Etficiency is a measure of the enrichment of one compound in the column which separates it from other different compounds. Essentially, efficiency is dependent upon the vapor/liquid contact. In other words, the more frequently the ascending vapor contacts the descending liquid the more eflicient will be the separation. In existing spinning band apparatus, liquid is free to contact and spiral up the rotating band without actually contacting the walls of the column. Consequently, rising material can advance upwardly without contacting descending liquid. It is desirable to avoid these effects.
  • An object of the present invention is the provision of an apparatus which affords improved gas and liquid contacts. Another purpose is the provision of an improved spinning band, fractionating column. A still further aim is the development of a spinning band column which affords low hold-up, low pressure drop, and high efiiciency. Another purpose is the provision of an annular spinning band which constricts the vapor path so that the rising vapor 3,372,095 Patented Mar. 5, 1968 must contact the walls of the column. Other objects will be apparent from the description below of this invention.
  • T he device of this invention is a longitudinal element which has on its outermost parts a helix or a plura'lity of helices running along its length a distance that conforms to the length of the distilling column in which it is to be used.
  • the outside diameter of the device is such that there is only a very slight, at most, annulus between the inside of the column Wall and that part of the device of this invention nearest that wall.
  • the spirals on the device used in distillation rot-ate so that there is a downward pumping action exerted on liquid that attempts to rise in the column.
  • the devices of this apparatus will have the shape shown in the drawings to which reference is now made in further description of the invention.
  • FIGURE 1 is a front or vertical elongation, partially in section, of a fractional distillation apparatus within the principles of this invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is an enlarged cross section taken on lines 22 of FIGURE 1.
  • the vessel 1 has connected to it a column 2 which contains an outlet 3.
  • a column 2 which contains an outlet 3.
  • rod 4 which bears on its outer surface a spirally wound member 5'.
  • the spiral element 5 generally runs the full length of the column.
  • a section 6 which contains no spiral element '5. This section extends through a plug 7 acting as closure for column 2.
  • a motor M connected to a source of electrical power which is not shown.
  • FIGURE 2 The arrangement of the elements can be seen in more detail by an examination of FIGURE 2. This figure is enlarged to twice the size of the elements shown in FIG- URE 1. Also, there is shown in FIGURE 2 the clamping nuts 8 which hold the flange sections 9 and 10 together. For convenience these holding members have also been put in FIGURE 1. It is obvious that any convenient way of joining the column to the still pot may be used.
  • the material to be distilled is placed in vessel 1 which is then heated in any convenient fashion. While the heat in being applied, the mot-or M is turned on and the rotating of the shaft of motor M which is connected to rod 4 will cause the device of this invention to rotate. Rotation is generally in a direction that pumps liquid downwardly back into the still pot in order to keep the column from flooding during the distillation.
  • distillation is not the primary objective but a quick coarse removal of a liquid from a solid, which is to remain in the pot as the desired product, then the pumping action of the device may be reversed so that it helps in raising liquid into the column and out of the pot, acting as an extractor.
  • the device has its main application, however, in distillation processes.
  • the rod 4 and the spiral member 5 is preferably made of a polymeric material and of those available poly (tetrafiuoroethylene) is preferred.
  • Other materials include copolymers of tetrafiuoroethylene with monochlorofluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene or ethylene or other fluorocarbon polymers such as poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene).
  • Still other materials may be used such as nylon, polypropylene, polyformaldehyde, polyvinylfluoride, metals, ceramics and the like.
  • a synthetic polymer is preferred and of the various materials which may be used poly(tetrafluoroethylene) is preferred, as stated, since it not only has great chemical inertness and stability but affords a very, very low coefficient of friction.
  • the rotating spiral devices of this invention are such that they form a close fit under normal temperatures.
  • the device of this invention becomes heated, it expands resulting in even more positive contact with the walls of column 2. This results in higher efliciency.
  • liquid which is descending into the column is made to run down the inside walls With the result that flooding is prevented and a much greater degree of contact between the descending liquid and the rising vapor is obtained.
  • the apparatus of this invention is much more efficient than the prior art devices.
  • the spiralled element and the outer element may be separately made and then joined together.
  • the joint may be continuous or the spiralled element may be fixed to the central element 4 only at its ends. More frequently, the entire device is integral and will be machine cast or made on a milling machine.
  • the central member 4 may be solid or hollow but if hollow it is preferred that it be sealed at its ends to prevent liquid from rising inside the tube.
  • a plurality of helices may be used. In such an instance the device appears woven with the helices cross-
  • the devices of this invention afford a 50% higher efiiciency than previously reported. This is very low hold-up, being only about 0.1 cc.
  • the apparatus may be used for very long periods of time. Also, the device of this invention may be used to handle corrosive materials which could not be handled by the prior art devices.
  • the apparatus of this invention involves a vertically disposed column that contains centered in it a rotatable shaft made of a polymeric material.
  • This shaft or rod has an embossed surface, the raised parts being in the form of helices extending along a substantial part of the length of the shaft.
  • the central portion of the shaft and the raised portions are solid that is, they contain no perforations so that rising liquid or vapor cannot pass through the parts of the rotating element.
  • the helices may be present in the form of a very few turns per inch such as /8 to /2 turn per inch or they may be present in a greater number such as from /2 to 8 turns per inch.
  • the apparatus includes means for r0- tating the shaft, a means for removing material transported through the column, a means to hook it up to a vacuum source and a reservoir for the material to be separated.
  • the means to rotate the shaft may be a length of tungsten, stainless steel or similar metal wire connected through a plug to a motor at one end and connected at the other end to the rotating shaft of this invention.
  • a rotating means is shown in US. 2,712,520.
  • An apparatus for distilling liquids comprising a vertically disposed column and centered therein a rotatable imperforate cylindrical shaft of uniform diameter made of a polymeric material and having an embossed surface in the form of a continuous helix rotatable with said shaft and extending along a substantial portion of the length of said shaft, said helix comprising spirals present in a form of about 0.5 to about 8 turns per inch and said spirals spanning the space between said shaft and the inside Walls of said column.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 which includes a means to rotate said shaft.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 which includes a reservoir for said liquid connected to and in conduit relationship with said column at its lower end.
  • An apparatus for distilling liquids comprising a column adapted to be vertically disposed; centered in said column a rotatable shaft made of a polymeric material and having an embossed surface in the form of a helix extending along a substantial portion of the length of said shaft and upon rotation contacting the inside walls of said column; at upper end of said column a closure means for said column and connected therethrough a means to rotate said shaft; near said closure means a vapor outlet in said column; and at the opposite end of said column and in conduit relationship therewith a reservoir for the said liquid.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 7 which in- 5 eludes at the outlet end a means to connect said apparatus to a vacuum source.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
US409258A 1964-11-05 1964-11-05 Separator Expired - Lifetime US3372095A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US409258A US3372095A (en) 1964-11-05 1964-11-05 Separator
DE19651542336 DE1542336A1 (de) 1964-11-05 1965-10-27 Kolonne zur Nassreinigung von Gasen,zur Destillation und insbesondere zur Trennung von Fluessigkeiten
CH1529765A CH434204A (de) 1964-11-05 1965-11-05 Trenn-Kolonne zur Nassreinigung von Gasen oder zur Destillation oder Trennung von Flüssigkeiten

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US409258A US3372095A (en) 1964-11-05 1964-11-05 Separator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3372095A true US3372095A (en) 1968-03-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US409258A Expired - Lifetime US3372095A (en) 1964-11-05 1964-11-05 Separator

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3372095A (de)
CH (1) CH434204A (de)
DE (1) DE1542336A1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3770592A (en) * 1970-04-29 1973-11-06 Verreries Ind Reunies Du Long Distillation column
US3997406A (en) * 1973-10-19 1976-12-14 Kostas Savas Arvanitakis Evaporating apparatus
US4790911A (en) * 1987-03-10 1988-12-13 Martin Parkinson Solvent evaporator
US5472574A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-12-05 Roark, Sr.; Roger R. Spinning band
US5603809A (en) * 1993-07-09 1997-02-18 Roark, Sr.; Roger R. Spinning band
US20100326812A1 (en) * 2002-08-07 2010-12-30 Deka Products Limited Partnership Method and Apparatus for Phase Change Enhancement
US20160070319A1 (en) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-10 Ashwin Bharadwaj Heat sink

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2656885A (en) * 1949-02-16 1953-10-27 Zaremba Company Concentrating apparatus
US2740580A (en) * 1950-05-03 1956-04-03 Starcosa Maschinen Und Appbau Horizontal centrifugal separator
US3054444A (en) * 1959-03-09 1962-09-18 Frank E Robbins Wiper blade construction for wiped film liquid processors
US3054729A (en) * 1958-11-28 1962-09-18 Arthur F Smith Distillation film wiping apparatus
US3266555A (en) * 1962-09-05 1966-08-16 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Rotating coil distributor-conveyor for cylindrical film evaporator
US3274076A (en) * 1962-03-01 1966-09-20 Vitamins Ltd Fractionating stills
US3292683A (en) * 1962-10-14 1966-12-20 Buchi Walter Wiped falling film evaporator

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2656885A (en) * 1949-02-16 1953-10-27 Zaremba Company Concentrating apparatus
US2740580A (en) * 1950-05-03 1956-04-03 Starcosa Maschinen Und Appbau Horizontal centrifugal separator
US3054729A (en) * 1958-11-28 1962-09-18 Arthur F Smith Distillation film wiping apparatus
US3054444A (en) * 1959-03-09 1962-09-18 Frank E Robbins Wiper blade construction for wiped film liquid processors
US3274076A (en) * 1962-03-01 1966-09-20 Vitamins Ltd Fractionating stills
US3266555A (en) * 1962-09-05 1966-08-16 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Rotating coil distributor-conveyor for cylindrical film evaporator
US3292683A (en) * 1962-10-14 1966-12-20 Buchi Walter Wiped falling film evaporator

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3770592A (en) * 1970-04-29 1973-11-06 Verreries Ind Reunies Du Long Distillation column
US3997406A (en) * 1973-10-19 1976-12-14 Kostas Savas Arvanitakis Evaporating apparatus
US4790911A (en) * 1987-03-10 1988-12-13 Martin Parkinson Solvent evaporator
US5472574A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-12-05 Roark, Sr.; Roger R. Spinning band
US5603809A (en) * 1993-07-09 1997-02-18 Roark, Sr.; Roger R. Spinning band
US20100326812A1 (en) * 2002-08-07 2010-12-30 Deka Products Limited Partnership Method and Apparatus for Phase Change Enhancement
US9005393B2 (en) * 2002-08-07 2015-04-14 Deka Products Limited Partnership Method and apparatus for phase change enhancement
US20160070319A1 (en) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-10 Ashwin Bharadwaj Heat sink
US10103081B2 (en) * 2014-09-08 2018-10-16 Ashwin Bharadwaj Heat sink

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1542336A1 (de) 1970-04-16
CH434204A (de) 1967-04-30

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