US3383205A - Cobalt base alloys - Google Patents

Cobalt base alloys Download PDF

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Publication number
US3383205A
US3383205A US418263A US41826364A US3383205A US 3383205 A US3383205 A US 3383205A US 418263 A US418263 A US 418263A US 41826364 A US41826364 A US 41826364A US 3383205 A US3383205 A US 3383205A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
percent
chromium
alloys
cobalt
corrosion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US418263A
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English (en)
Inventor
Chester T Sims
Allan D Foster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US418263A priority Critical patent/US3383205A/en
Priority to GB49645/65A priority patent/GB1112937A/en
Priority to CH1672665A priority patent/CH466584A/de
Priority to DEG45441A priority patent/DE1295847B/de
Priority to FR42036A priority patent/FR1458018A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3383205A publication Critical patent/US3383205A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt

Definitions

  • This invention relates to new and useful alloys. More particularly, it relates to alloys which are capable of operaung under elevated temperature conditions and which are resistant to oxidizing, sulfidizing, and other corrosive combustion gases at such temperatures.
  • high-temperature, corrosion-resistance cobalt-base alloys having a percent by weight content of carbon 0.1 to 0.60, chromium 27.0 to 35.0, nickel 9.3 to 11.5, tungsten 6.0 to 8.0, iron 6.0 maximum, boron 0.050 maximum, manganese 1.0 maximum as an impurity not to be added, with the remainder cobalt except for residual impurities such as phosphorus, sulfur, silicon and the like. It has been found that alloys having balanced metallic compositions within the limits specified are characterized by substantial increases in corrosion and oxidation resistance, while at the same time having a suitably high rupture strength and ductility for such high temperature operation. The materials are also particularly useful in that they are readily weldable, permitting the fabrication of various shaped structures.
  • Reduction of the chromium content below that set forth results in a detrimental loss of oxidation resistance, whereas increases above the prescribed range of chromium result in a loss in ductility, and are accompanied only by a very marginal increase in oxidation or corrosion resistance, which is more than offset by the loss in ductility.
  • the nickel, tungsten and iron contents do not appear to be particularly critical for oxidation and corrosion resistance, but it has been found desirable to hold them within the stated ranges for mechanical and physical property reasons.
  • Boron imparts ductility to the alloy when added, but increasing the boron content beyond that set forth causes detrimental low-melting phases to form in the alloy.
  • the cobalt base of course, is well known for its contribution to sulfidation and oxidation resistance.
  • Various impurities are present in the alloys. Manganese can be tolerated in amounts up to about 1.00%, but is not purposely added in any case. Other impurities such as phosphorous and sulfur are held to a maximum of about
  • EXAMPLE 1 There was prepared an .alloy consisting of, by weight percent determined from final chemical analysis, carbon 0.17, chromium 31.8, nickel 9.7, tungsten 7.69, iron 0.99, boron 0.0073, manganese 0.54 with about 0.01 of phosphorous and sulfur as impurities with the remainder essentially cobalt.
  • This alloy was cast into pieces having dimensions of 1% inches by 5 inches from which test pieces one inch in diameter and 0.060 inch thick were cut for testing, and compared with a prior art alloy having a percent by weight content of carbon 0.23, chromium 25.5, nickel 10.5, tungsten 6.9, iron 0.82, boron about 0.007 with manganese 0.54, and about 0.02 each of phosphorous and sulfur as impurities and with the remainder essentially cobalt. It will be noted that the present alloy has a higher amount of chromium than the prior art alloy which in its larger present .amounts has been found to impart unexpected and advantageous qualities.
  • the material of the above example was also tested under sulfidizing conditions with the above prior art ma terial in a test burner operated at a temperature of 1600 F. with an airto-fuel weight ratio of 68 to 1, burning .a distillate oil containing 3.8% by weight of sulfur, to which there had been added 325 parts per million of sodium chloride. This produces an extremely corrosive environment.
  • deposition of molten material can take place on the leading edge of the test specimen, causing a higher penetration rate than where the deposition does not occur.
  • the data presented here are both the minimum attack (no molten deposition) and the maximum attack where molten material resided.
  • a typical prior art material had a corrosion in mils per side of the test specimen ranging from about 3.8 (minimum) to 18.1 (maximum) mils.
  • the present material even after 570 hours of operation under such rigorous conditions, had only about 1.0 mil per side of corrosion overall.
  • the alloys of the present invention are not only characterized by good oxidation and sulfidation resistance, but their fabrication into various shaped structures is facilitated by the fact that they are readily weldable.
  • the rupture strength of the material of the above example after hours at a temperature of 1600 F. is about 9,500 p.s.i., which compares very favorably with the corresponding value of 10,500 p.s.i. for the above prior art material.
  • the rupture ductility of the above example material is equivalent to that of the prior art material.
  • EXAMPLE 2 An alloy was prepared consisting of, by weight percent, carbon 0.19, chromium 27.6, nickel 9.3, tungsten 7.5, iron 5.6, boron 0.0069, manganese 0.56, with the remainder essentially cobalt. The alloy so prepared was cast as in Example 1, and similar test pieces prepared.
  • Example 2 provides a decided advantage over the prior art material mentioned above.
  • the rupture strength of the material of this example at 10 hours at a temperature of 1600 F. is about 10,500 p.s.i., which is the same as the corresponding value for the above prior art material.
  • the rupture ductility is also equivalent to that of the prior art material, and the weldability was found to be good.
  • new and useful alloys which are particularly characterized by their high strength at elevated temperatures and their ability to withstand at such elevated temperatures corrosive attack caused by oxidizing and sulfidizing combustion gas constituents. They are particularly useful for fabricating gas turbine components such as nozzle partitions, as well as other static or moving parts of such equipment which are exposed to high temperature corrosive conditions. They are also useful in general in furnaces and other equipment which operate under similar rigorous conditions, where they can serve as materials of construction for fans, runners, and the like.
  • a high temperature resistant alloy consisting essentially of by weight carbon 0.1 to 0.60 percent, chromium 27.0 to 35.0 percent, tungsten 6.0 to 8.0 percent, nickel 9.3 to 11.5 percent, boron in an effective amount up to 0.050 percent maximum to impart ductility, iron 6.0 percent maximum, with the remainder essentially cobalt.
  • a high temperature resistant alloy consisting essentially of by weight carbon 0.17 percent, chromium 31.8 percent, tungsten 7.69 percent, nickel 9.7 percent, boron 0.0073 percent, iron 0.99 percent, with the remainder essentially cobalt.
  • a high temperature resistant alloy consisting essentially of by weight carbon 0.19 percent, chromium 27.6 percent, tungsten 7.5 percent, nickel 9.3 percent, boron 0.0069 percent, iron 5.6 percent, with the remainder essentially cobalt.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
US418263A 1964-12-14 1964-12-14 Cobalt base alloys Expired - Lifetime US3383205A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US418263A US3383205A (en) 1964-12-14 1964-12-14 Cobalt base alloys
GB49645/65A GB1112937A (en) 1964-12-14 1965-11-23 Improvements in alloys
CH1672665A CH466584A (de) 1964-12-14 1965-12-03 Legierung
DEG45441A DE1295847B (de) 1964-12-14 1965-12-13 Verwendung einer Kobaltlegierung
FR42036A FR1458018A (fr) 1964-12-14 1965-12-13 Alliage à base de cobalt résistant aux hautes températures

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US418263A US3383205A (en) 1964-12-14 1964-12-14 Cobalt base alloys

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3383205A true US3383205A (en) 1968-05-14

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Family Applications (1)

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US418263A Expired - Lifetime US3383205A (en) 1964-12-14 1964-12-14 Cobalt base alloys

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3383205A (fr)
CH (1) CH466584A (fr)
DE (1) DE1295847B (fr)
FR (1) FR1458018A (fr)
GB (1) GB1112937A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0186797A1 (fr) * 1984-12-04 1986-07-09 General Electric Company Superalliage à base de cobalt et pièces moulées et soudées pour turbines à gaz industrielles fabriquées avec cet alliage
US4938805A (en) * 1984-12-04 1990-07-03 General Electric Company Novel cobalt-base superalloy and cast and welded industrial gas turbine components thereof and method

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4530664A (en) * 1980-09-29 1985-07-23 Jeneric Industries, Inc. Cobalt-chromium alloys
US4459263A (en) * 1982-09-08 1984-07-10 Jeneric Industries, Inc. Cobalt-chromium dental alloys containing ruthenium and aluminum
US4711763A (en) * 1986-12-16 1987-12-08 Cabot Corporation Sulfidation-resistant Co-Cr-Ni alloy with critical contents of silicon and cobalt

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2744010A (en) * 1951-02-12 1956-05-01 Gen Motors Corp High temperature co-cr alloys
US2746860A (en) * 1952-11-21 1956-05-22 Union Carbide And Carbodn Corp High temperature co-cr alloys
US2855295A (en) * 1956-12-26 1958-10-07 Gen Electric Cobalt base hard surfacing alloy
US2996379A (en) * 1958-12-04 1961-08-15 Union Carbide Corp Cobalt-base alloy

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB821745A (en) * 1956-10-08 1959-10-14 Universal Cyclops Steel Corp High temperature alloys and the manufacture thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2744010A (en) * 1951-02-12 1956-05-01 Gen Motors Corp High temperature co-cr alloys
US2746860A (en) * 1952-11-21 1956-05-22 Union Carbide And Carbodn Corp High temperature co-cr alloys
US2855295A (en) * 1956-12-26 1958-10-07 Gen Electric Cobalt base hard surfacing alloy
US2996379A (en) * 1958-12-04 1961-08-15 Union Carbide Corp Cobalt-base alloy

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0186797A1 (fr) * 1984-12-04 1986-07-09 General Electric Company Superalliage à base de cobalt et pièces moulées et soudées pour turbines à gaz industrielles fabriquées avec cet alliage
US4938805A (en) * 1984-12-04 1990-07-03 General Electric Company Novel cobalt-base superalloy and cast and welded industrial gas turbine components thereof and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1458018A (fr) 1966-11-04
DE1295847B (de) 1969-05-22
CH466584A (de) 1968-12-15
GB1112937A (en) 1968-05-08

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