US3399607A - Roadway surface marking, and marked road - Google Patents

Roadway surface marking, and marked road Download PDF

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Publication number
US3399607A
US3399607A US589288A US58928866A US3399607A US 3399607 A US3399607 A US 3399607A US 589288 A US589288 A US 589288A US 58928866 A US58928866 A US 58928866A US 3399607 A US3399607 A US 3399607A
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Prior art keywords
strip
road
skid
marked
marking
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US589288A
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English (en)
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Eigenmann Ludwig
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CICOGNA FRANCO AND CO
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CICOGNA FRANCO AND CO
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
    • E01F9/576—Traffic lines
    • E01F9/578—Traffic lines consisting of preformed elements, e.g. tapes, block-type elements specially designed or arranged to make up a traffic line

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the art of marking surfaces subject to mark-obliterating traffic, and more particularly to the marking of traflic lines and other directional data upon the pavement on streets and highways, by applying on and securing road marking tape material to said pavement.
  • Roadmarks consisting of tape or strip arrangement are well known in the art, as being very advantageous in respect with conventional traflic aids, such as road-center lines, which are customarily painted upon the street or highway pavements with ordinary paints.
  • the road-marking strip material is capable of resisting to the most severe traffic and its application to street and highway conventional surfaces requires little or no interruption to traflic.
  • Such application can advantageously be made by making use of mechanical aids, such as the apparatus described and shown in my prior Patent No. 3,007,838.
  • the very scope of road marking is obviously to provide on the street or highway pavements signs and traflic data which have high daytime and nighttime visibility to motorists.
  • Road-marking strip or tape materials as above considered can be compounded to provide traflic indicative high visibility surface portions on the marked road.
  • the concept of high visibility is to be intended in its broadest meaning and cannot be definedas far as the invention is concernedin terms of brilliance and expressed by numerical values.
  • Such traflic aids cannot be compared with a source of radiant energy, and are capable of reflecting ambient light only. Therefore, a high visibility surface portion, within the scope of this invention, Will hereinafter be termed high light reflectivity surface portion.
  • an efliciently marked road is a road having a roadway surface and traffic regulating signs located thereon, said signs being such to be distinctly and clearly seen and neatly evidenced at distance by motorists, under the most different conditions of illumination.
  • Many variables are involved in the visibility of road markings and of traflic conditions in general.
  • the traflic occurs under bright sun light and in rainy Weather and dim ambient light, and at nighttime the roadway surface can be illuminated by powerful vehicle headlamps or by rather weak streetlamps, and therefore both intensity and direction of incident light are subject to the most wide variations.
  • one means for defining the visibility of a road marking or, more properly, the visibility of a traffic aid of the type considered on a roadway surface is to compare the apparent brilliance of the road marking material considered, in several daytime and nighttime limit conditions, with the apparent brilliance of an identically shaped and positioned surface portion of a material of well known and measured reflectivity of visible light.
  • a smooth surface of a layer of pure baryta (BaO) white may be assumed as a suitable basis of comparison.
  • a road marking can be considered to have high reflectivity when, as photometrically compared as above with a simi- 3,399,607 Patented Sept. 3, 1968 larly shaped, located and illuminated sign of pure baryta, it is proved to have at least sixty percent apparent brilliance of said basis of comparison.
  • a marking tape material having the above or desirably better high reflectivity property does not possess the most desirable non-skid properties for ensuring the most desirable safe movement and control of fastly running vehicles, in particular when subject to intense positive or negative accelerations and/ or to centrifugal force. It is assumed that a roadway surface portion is non-skid when its adherence coefficient, with respect to current tired vehicles, averages the value of 40, in terms of angle to the horizontal at which a force corresponding to the weight applied to loaded tired wheel is directed to cause skidding of said wheel along the surface under test.
  • the concepts of adherence offered by roadway surfaces and the modes for measuring same are well known in the art of roadway engineering and no further discussion is necessary thereabout.
  • a compound tape material consisting of a first base strip having relatively non-skid properties and high light reflectivity, said base strip being adhesively adherent to said roadway surface, and strip components formed of a material having lesser light reflectivity than said first strip and non-skid properties, said strip components being aligned in longitudinal direction of the first strip and are adherent thereto equally spaced from the lateral edges of the first strip, whereby, on the surface of the road, a composite marking strip is formed having exposed portions formed by the first strip and having high light reflectivity and exposed center portions having non-skid properties.
  • the strip with distinct portions of high light reflectivity and respectively of non-skid character, the well known disadvantages and limitations of conventional marked road are eliminated, inasmuch as the marked road according to the present invention will, in its marked surface portion, possess the most desirable high light reflectivity as well as higher non-skid properties than could be obtained up to now in combination with the desired degree of light reflectivity.
  • a strip formed of a material having non-skid properties and having a lesser width than said first high light reflective base strip is extended in longitudinal direction and adhered to said base strip equally spaced from the lateral edges thereof so as to provide a composite surface formed of two spaced edge portions of said first strip having high light reflectivity and of a center portion having non-skid properties and a lesser light reflectivity interposed between said two spaced edge portions of said first strip.
  • strip elements made of said material having non-skid properties are adhered to said base strip equally spaced from the lateral edges thereof and evenly spaced from each other in longitudinal direction.
  • the actual visibility of the traflic aid in terms of clear and distinct detection thereof by motorists, is not appreciably reduced by the provision of non-skid portions of substantially lesser high light reflectivity on the whole marking surface, provided that the portion or portions having non-skid properties do not cover more than fifty percent of the area of said marking surface and that edge portions having high light reflectivity surfaces will uninterruptedly extend lengthwise the marking.
  • the actual visibility when considered as above, is apparently due to sharp reflectivity and color contrast with adjacent conventional roadway rather than amount of reflected radiations.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatical perspective fragmentary view of a marked road according to first embodiment of the invention
  • FIGURE 2 perspectively and diagrammatically illustrates how the compound strip material components can be preformed and assembled
  • FIGURE 3 similarly illustrates a marked road according to a modified embodiment of the invention
  • FIGURE 4 is a perspective exploded view of the compound material of FIG. 3;
  • FIGURE 5 illustrates a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a specific method of forming and applying a road marking compound material to a road surface S to actuate a centre or a track-dividing line, for example, or other sign having a given transverse dimension W for visibility.
  • transverse dimension W is however a great deal larger than the size which might theoretically give the required visibility, i.e. the ability of reflecting the desired amount of light, provided that the sign has a clean, smooth and undamaged upper face.
  • Adverse weather and lighting conditions are obviously to be taken into account in dimensioning such trafiic regulation signs.
  • the centre portion W wide of the marked area is not essential for improving "i 5 1 the visibility of the whole sign and, therefore, such centre portion W wide may be advantageouslymade such to possess improved non-skidding properties, essentially as an uncovered conventional road surface is.
  • the whole width W of the marking material may be increased with respect to the width of conventional elasto-plastic marking strips, as a consequence of the provision of the non-skid part W wide thereinto, the limit of such increment being given by the width of the portions designed for high light-reflection, individually considered.
  • W is from 33 to 50 percent of W and W is of four inches or above, according to the size and importance and average traflic speed of the marked highway, according to current art of road marking, a W width over six inches being however preferred.
  • the compound strip of FIG. 1 consists of a first base strip 10 of high reflectivity material, lengthwise recessed at 12, and of a strip 14 of material having non-skid properties, seated into and firmly secured in the recessed portion of the base strip.
  • the base strip has recessed portions 22 (FIG. 4) evenly spaced from the lateral edges thereof and wherein flat pieces 24 of non-skid properties possessing material are seated and secured in said recesses.
  • Length L of individual pieces 24 may be comprised between 10 to 50 millimeters and the interval I therebetween may be comprised between 20 and 100 millimeters.
  • two parallel longitudinal rows of pieces 34 spaced from each other and from the lateral edges of base strip are provided for imparting nonskid properties to the traflic aid, the number of such row and the dimensions of the pieces being matter of choice, provided that a firm connection of said pieces to said base strip is ensured to resist to traffic and to wear and shearing forces induced thereby.
  • Example 1 This example illustrates formulations and combinations particularly adapted for producing a compound marking material the type shown in FIG. 1, which includes two components, namely a first high reflectivity component and a second non-skid component/The respective compositions contents, expressed in terms of weight, will be indicated under HR (for High Reflectivity) and NS (for Non-Skid), respectively:
  • Example 2 A marking material for providing a marked road of the type shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 have been produced from the following compositions, by weight:
  • Butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer having 38% acrylonitrile 12
  • Maleic modified polyvinyl chloroacetate copolymer 37 Titanium dioxide (rutile) 20 Kaolin 0000 25
  • Micromized calcium carbonate 28 Five parts of a suitable plastifier, such as a coumaronic resin, can be added. The compound is processed and laminated in strip form at 150 C.
  • Polychloroprene such as Neoprene WHV
  • Neoprene WHV Polychloroprene
  • the compound has been processed and laminated at 90 C., and the desired pieces have been cut therefrom. Such pieces have been applied and secured to the base strip component, at 90 C., by making use of a glue consisting of Glue:
  • a marked road comprising in combination, a roadway surface for vehicles; a first strip of road marking tape having relatively low non-skid properties and high light reflectivity joined to the upper face of said roadway sur face; and another strip formed of a material having nonskid properties and a lesser light reflectivity than said first strip of road marking tape and having a lesser width than first strip extending in longitudinal direction and adhered to said first strip equally spaced from the lateral edges thereof so as to provide together with said first strip a composite surface formed of two spaced edge portions of said first strip of road marking tape having relatively low non-skid properties and high light reflectivity and of said other strip forming a center portion having non-skid properties and a lesser light reflectivity interposed between said two spaced edge portions of said first strip.
  • a marked road comprising in combination, a roadway surface for vehicles; a first strip of road marking tape having relatively low non-skid properties and high light reflectivity adhesively joined to the upper face of said roadway surface; and strip components of a material having non-skid properties and a lesser light reflectivity than said first strip of road marking tape, said strip components being evenly spaced from each other and from the lateral edges of said first strip and adhered to said strip so as to provide together with said first strip a composite surface, longitudinally and laterally spaced portions of said first strip of road marking tape having high reflectivity and other portions spaced from said edges and having non-skid properties.
  • sum of the area of said portions having non-skid properties consists from twenty percent to fifty percent of the area defined between said lateral edges of first strip.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US589288A 1962-04-13 1966-10-25 Roadway surface marking, and marked road Expired - Lifetime US3399607A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH460462A CH408983A (it) 1962-04-13 1962-04-13 Procedimento per formare un elemento laminare per segnaletica stradale orizzontale

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US3399607A true US3399607A (en) 1968-09-03

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DE (2) DE1784989A1 (it)
GB (1) GB1032813A (it)

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3810707A (en) * 1969-08-22 1974-05-14 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Joint structure and method
US4020211A (en) * 1971-06-15 1977-04-26 Ludwig Eigenmann Anti-skid and wear resistant road surface marking material
JPS53151626U (it) * 1977-05-06 1978-11-29
US4129397A (en) * 1976-11-10 1978-12-12 Ludwig Eigenmann Road surface marking prefabricated tape material, having retroreflective composite elements associated thereto
FR2398143A1 (fr) * 1977-07-20 1979-02-16 Pacey Barry Procede pour le marquage de chaussees et marques preformees pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US4146635A (en) * 1976-04-15 1979-03-27 Ludwig Eigenmann Anti-skid, wear- and stress-resisting road marking tape material
US4256366A (en) * 1979-04-09 1981-03-17 Buckelew Arthur L Aircraft visual collision and avoidance device
USRE31669E (en) * 1976-04-15 1984-09-11 Anti-skid, wear- and stress-resisting road marking tape material
EP0381886A1 (en) * 1989-02-10 1990-08-16 Briteline Corporation Surface marker strip
US5087148A (en) * 1989-02-10 1992-02-11 Brite Line Corporation Surface marker strip and methods for providing improved integrity and adhesion to roadways and the like
US5108218A (en) * 1990-09-25 1992-04-28 Brite-Line Industries Roadway and similar marker strip and method of forming same
US5127973A (en) * 1985-06-13 1992-07-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Intersection markings
US5139590A (en) * 1989-02-10 1992-08-18 Brite-Line Industries, Inc. Surface marker strip and methods for providing improved integrity and adhesion to roadways and the like
US5316406A (en) * 1989-02-10 1994-05-31 Briteline Industries, Inc. Surface marker strip and methods for providing improved integrity and adhesion to roadway and the like
US5422162A (en) * 1991-11-29 1995-06-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Pavement marking tape with support base comprising a highly saturated acrylonitrile elastomer grafted with a zinc salt of methyacrylic acid
US5557461A (en) * 1995-05-26 1996-09-17 Briteline Industries, Inc. Omnidirectional retro-reflective roadway marker and the like
US5643655A (en) * 1992-05-04 1997-07-01 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Conformable pavement marking tape
WO1999004098A1 (en) * 1997-07-16 1999-01-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Self-contrasting retroreflective pavement marking tapes
WO2003016635A1 (en) * 2001-08-14 2003-02-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Composite pavement markings
US6632506B1 (en) * 1998-04-23 2003-10-14 Consumer Care Products Inc. High-visibility traction tape having embedded particle traction surface
US20040101363A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-27 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US20040101362A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-27 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US6914540B2 (en) 2002-03-04 2005-07-05 Christopher Gongolas Traffic area signage systems
US7077600B1 (en) 2005-09-15 2006-07-18 Whinery Christopher S Multiple sensory road marking tape
US20100104361A1 (en) * 2007-05-30 2010-04-29 Bruno Walpot Manufactured road marker for pedestiran crossing and all kinds of roadways
US20180010307A1 (en) * 2015-10-15 2018-01-11 Marcos Martin RAMIREZ Parking Lot Striping Method and Installation
US10344133B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2019-07-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Pavement marking tape with modified polyurethane topcoat
US10738220B2 (en) 2003-09-29 2020-08-11 Shieldmark, Inc. Adhesive tape products and methods of making
RU2788720C1 (ru) * 2022-09-02 2023-01-24 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Горский государственный аграрный университет" Способ укладки разметки на пешеходных переходах
US12215469B1 (en) * 2023-11-06 2025-02-04 Taylor Rae Newville Deployable traffic mitigators with a network array

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2280516A1 (fr) 1974-07-31 1976-02-27 Sublistatic Holding Sa Procede et installation pour realiser une bande de transfert grande laize
CH612565GA3 (it) * 1977-10-07 1979-08-15

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2225496A (en) * 1937-03-15 1940-12-17 Gethin Ernest Lewis Marking device for road surfaces
US2898825A (en) * 1955-06-20 1959-08-11 Limark Corp Marking stripe and method of applying same
US3011412A (en) * 1957-04-11 1961-12-05 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Safety marking system
US3049980A (en) * 1959-10-07 1962-08-21 Karl W Flocks Highways

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2225496A (en) * 1937-03-15 1940-12-17 Gethin Ernest Lewis Marking device for road surfaces
US2898825A (en) * 1955-06-20 1959-08-11 Limark Corp Marking stripe and method of applying same
US3011412A (en) * 1957-04-11 1961-12-05 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Safety marking system
US3049980A (en) * 1959-10-07 1962-08-21 Karl W Flocks Highways

Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3810707A (en) * 1969-08-22 1974-05-14 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Joint structure and method
US4020211A (en) * 1971-06-15 1977-04-26 Ludwig Eigenmann Anti-skid and wear resistant road surface marking material
US4146635A (en) * 1976-04-15 1979-03-27 Ludwig Eigenmann Anti-skid, wear- and stress-resisting road marking tape material
USRE31669E (en) * 1976-04-15 1984-09-11 Anti-skid, wear- and stress-resisting road marking tape material
US4129397A (en) * 1976-11-10 1978-12-12 Ludwig Eigenmann Road surface marking prefabricated tape material, having retroreflective composite elements associated thereto
USRE31291E (en) * 1976-11-10 1983-06-28 Road surface marking prefabricated tape material, having retroreflective composite elements associated thereto
JPS53151626U (it) * 1977-05-06 1978-11-29
FR2398143A1 (fr) * 1977-07-20 1979-02-16 Pacey Barry Procede pour le marquage de chaussees et marques preformees pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US4256366A (en) * 1979-04-09 1981-03-17 Buckelew Arthur L Aircraft visual collision and avoidance device
US5127973A (en) * 1985-06-13 1992-07-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Intersection markings
US5087148A (en) * 1989-02-10 1992-02-11 Brite Line Corporation Surface marker strip and methods for providing improved integrity and adhesion to roadways and the like
US5139590A (en) * 1989-02-10 1992-08-18 Brite-Line Industries, Inc. Surface marker strip and methods for providing improved integrity and adhesion to roadways and the like
US5316406A (en) * 1989-02-10 1994-05-31 Briteline Industries, Inc. Surface marker strip and methods for providing improved integrity and adhesion to roadway and the like
EP0381886A1 (en) * 1989-02-10 1990-08-16 Briteline Corporation Surface marker strip
US5108218A (en) * 1990-09-25 1992-04-28 Brite-Line Industries Roadway and similar marker strip and method of forming same
US5422162A (en) * 1991-11-29 1995-06-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Pavement marking tape with support base comprising a highly saturated acrylonitrile elastomer grafted with a zinc salt of methyacrylic acid
US5643655A (en) * 1992-05-04 1997-07-01 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Conformable pavement marking tape
US5557461A (en) * 1995-05-26 1996-09-17 Briteline Industries, Inc. Omnidirectional retro-reflective roadway marker and the like
WO1999004098A1 (en) * 1997-07-16 1999-01-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Self-contrasting retroreflective pavement marking tapes
US6051297A (en) * 1997-07-16 2000-04-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Self-contrasting retroreflective pavement marking tapes
US6632506B1 (en) * 1998-04-23 2003-10-14 Consumer Care Products Inc. High-visibility traction tape having embedded particle traction surface
WO2003016635A1 (en) * 2001-08-14 2003-02-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Composite pavement markings
US6841223B2 (en) 2001-08-14 2005-01-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Composite pavement markings
US20050286972A1 (en) * 2002-03-04 2005-12-29 Christopher Gongolas Traffic area information systems
US6914540B2 (en) 2002-03-04 2005-07-05 Christopher Gongolas Traffic area signage systems
US6902348B2 (en) * 2002-11-25 2005-06-07 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US20040146350A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-07-29 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US6832871B2 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-12-21 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US20040197142A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-10-07 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US6896444B2 (en) * 2002-11-25 2005-05-24 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US6902350B2 (en) 2002-11-25 2005-06-07 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US6902349B2 (en) 2002-11-25 2005-06-07 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US20040101363A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-27 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US6908257B2 (en) 2002-11-25 2005-06-21 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US20040197141A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-10-07 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US20040101362A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-27 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Collated road marker assembly, and system and method for automatically applying collated road markers to roadway surfaces
US10738220B2 (en) 2003-09-29 2020-08-11 Shieldmark, Inc. Adhesive tape products and methods of making
US7077600B1 (en) 2005-09-15 2006-07-18 Whinery Christopher S Multiple sensory road marking tape
US20100104361A1 (en) * 2007-05-30 2010-04-29 Bruno Walpot Manufactured road marker for pedestiran crossing and all kinds of roadways
US10344133B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2019-07-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Pavement marking tape with modified polyurethane topcoat
US20180010307A1 (en) * 2015-10-15 2018-01-11 Marcos Martin RAMIREZ Parking Lot Striping Method and Installation
RU2788720C1 (ru) * 2022-09-02 2023-01-24 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Горский государственный аграрный университет" Способ укладки разметки на пешеходных переходах
US12215469B1 (en) * 2023-11-06 2025-02-04 Taylor Rae Newville Deployable traffic mitigators with a network array

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH408983A (it) 1966-03-15
DE1784989A1 (de) 1972-01-20
DE1459813A1 (de) 1968-11-21
GB1032813A (en) 1966-06-15

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