US3403272A - Linear and rotary electric motors adapted for use as counters - Google Patents

Linear and rotary electric motors adapted for use as counters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3403272A
US3403272A US506744A US50674465A US3403272A US 3403272 A US3403272 A US 3403272A US 506744 A US506744 A US 506744A US 50674465 A US50674465 A US 50674465A US 3403272 A US3403272 A US 3403272A
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United States
Prior art keywords
poles
pole
stator
rotor
electric
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Expired - Lifetime
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US506744A
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English (en)
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Dold Siegfried August
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K24/00—Machines adapted for the instantaneous transmission or reception of the angular displacement of rotating parts, e.g. synchro, selsyn
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric machine with a stator and a rotor, especially with stator and rotating armature, for instance, an electric motor.
  • the stator has arranged therein a pair of different poles, i.e., cooperating magnetic north poles and south poles, between which the armature rotates.
  • the poles provided in the armature or forming therein are attracted by the respective poles of opposite polarity in the coils of the stator.
  • an electric reversal is effected by a collector whereby the field of magnetic forces will be interrupted at the pole just being attracted with the greatest force and becomes effective with the next following pole.
  • a continuous repetition of this play brings about the rotation of the armature.
  • polyphase induction motors a rotating magnetic field a rotary fieldis produced in the stator which is followed by the armature which latter thereby rotates.
  • FIGURE 1 diagrammatically illustrates an electric machine according to the invention with a stator and a rotor, said machine being shown in its first phase of magnetization and movement;
  • FIGURES 2 to 4 illustrate the machine of FIGURE 1 in three further phases of operation
  • FIGURE 5 diagrammatically illustrates a radial crosssection through a machine according to the invention
  • FIGURES 6 to 8 diagrammatically illustrate a portion of a cross-section according to FIGURE 5 in three different phases of operation;
  • FIGURE 9 diagrammatically represents a strip-like stator and a trolley-like rotor
  • FIGURE 10 is a diagrammatical perspective view of an embodiment of this invention, in which the rotor is provided with an extra coil connected to an electric source of energy through collector rings that are mounted on the rotor shaft;
  • FIGURE 11 is another embodiment of this invention based upon a principle similar to that of FIGURE 9, with a strip-like stator and a trolley-like rotor, the striplike stator including additional coils for the generation of the electromagnetic field;
  • FIGURE 12 is a front-elevational view of the structure of FIGURE 11;
  • FIGURE 13 shows a preferred electric circuit for controlling the electric machine of this invention when used as a counter
  • FIGURE 14 represents another embodiment of this invention with a special arrangement of the stator poles.
  • An electric machine is characterized primarily in that each pair of poles has associated therewith a shunt or parallel pole in order to create a preferred direction of movement when poles of the same polarity respectively pertaining to the stator and the rotor face each other or are arranged opposite to each other.
  • a north pole has associated therewith two south poles
  • a south pole has associated therewith two north poles so that the corresponding poles in the rotor or movable part of the machine will be moved in a preferred direction inasmuch as in only one direction they find a corresponding pole of opposite polarity.
  • the advantage of such an arrangement consists primarily in an improved possibility of control, especially by means of the frequency, an improved degree of efficiency and the possibility of discarding a collector.
  • the machine is in a manner known per so designed as motor with a stator and a rotating rotor, while the shunt poles are arranged in the stator.
  • the rotor of the machine may in a manner known per se be formed by permanent magnets when small outputs suffice or may be formed by corresponding electric coils when a higher output is required.
  • the stator is designed as a longitudinal rail or strip, while the rotor is formed by a trolley-like member movable along said rail and comprising a pair of poles with a shunt pole.
  • the rotor is preferably designed as riding on the stator. In this Way, a transporting switch or other control device is created which will make it possible by current impulses or by longer periods of operation to produce linear movements.
  • the reactance current properties of the machine can be greatly improved.
  • the present invention also comprises an embodiment which is characterized in that the machine for use as a counter is equipped with a pair of poles and a parallel pole and that the winding of the stator, through the interposition of a relay or another suitable device for producing impulses of alternating polarity, is provided with a direct current source, the relay or the device being excited in the rhythm of the articles to be counted.
  • the machine may be equipped With one pair of poles each and one parallel pole each for positive and negative counting impulses and is employed as integrating counter for forming the total of positive and negative members which have been induced in the form of impulses.
  • the shunt or parallel pole of the pole pair for counting the negative members must be arranged opposite to the shunt or parallel pole of the pole pair for counting the positive members.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 thereof in particular, illustrating the principle of a machine according to the present invention
  • Stator 1 has substantially the shape of a horseshoe magnet with one leg extended in order to form a further pole between the leg ends.
  • stator 1 has the poles 4, 5 and 6 of which the poles 5 and 6 are arranged adjacent to each other and, more specifically, are arranged in parallel arrangement so that pole 6 may be designated as shunt pole or parallel pole with regard to pole 5.
  • stator 1 is equipped with a coil 7 to which is applied an alternating current voltage.
  • Rotor 2 is designed as a permanent magnet.
  • stator pole 4 forms a north pole
  • stator poles 5 and 6 forms a south pole.
  • These poles attract the corresponding poles of opposite polarity of rotor 2 so that the latter will assume a position illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the polarity of the stator pole of coil 7 changes, there will be obtained the phase illustrated in FIG. 2 according to which poles of the same polarity of the stator and rotor face each other.
  • FIG. 5 diagrammatically illustrates an electric motor employing the principle outlined above.
  • the motor comprises a stator 1 and a rotor 2 rotatably supported by a shaft 3.
  • Rotor 2 is designed as a solid cylinder and is provided with permanent magnets 16.
  • pole groups 8 Arranged on the circumference of rotor 2 in stator 1 are pole groups 8 each of which has three poles, viz., two adjacent poles of the same polarity and a third pole which has a polarity opposite to the polarity of said two adjacent poles.
  • pole group 8a has two south poles 9 and one north pole 10, or vice versa.
  • each group has a U-shaped steel core 11 one leg 11a of which is connected with a parallel leg 12 which latter may either form one single piece with part 11 or may be connected thereto as a separate part, for instance, by riveting.
  • Core 11 is surrounded by an electric coil 13 with terminals 14 and 15.
  • the remaining pole groups of stator 1 are designed in a corresponding manner.
  • Coils 13 may be arranged parallel or in series with regard to each other.
  • a test machine designed in conformity with the present invention merely two pole groups with parallel poles 12 as stator were arranged on the circumference of a permanent magnet rotor. The pole group was detachable, and it has been found that the test machine will run as motor also with one pole group only, The machine was connected to a source of alternating current voltage of 220 volts.
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 illustrate the effect of the parallel poles of the motor according to FIG. 5.
  • the poles are shown in the drawing as north and south poles, and parallel pole 12 accordingly has been shown as a south pole.
  • the polarity at one side of the rotor corresponds to the polarity at the opposite side of the stator.
  • the next phase illustrated in FIG. 8 corresponds to the fourth phase of FIG. 4.
  • the reversal of the pole groups of the stator will take place which reversal will, when employing alternating current, follow automatically in view of the sine-shaped cycles, and in this instance, the machine will operate as a synchronous motor.
  • the magnetism in the rotor may, of course, also be produced electrically in a manner known per se by providing the rotor with coils which, through collector rings, are connected to a direct current source.
  • the stator may be provided with additional coils which, for instance, surround the parallel poles 12 and will produce an electric generator effect when the rotor turns.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further realization of the principle according to the present invention. More specifically, the arrangement of FIG. 9 represents a recilinearly extending stator 17 with successive north and south poles and a rotor 18 riding on the stator 17.
  • Rotor 18 comprises a pair of poles with a shunt pole 19 by means of which a preferred direction of movement is conveyed to the rotor 18 on stator 17.
  • the rotor moves on the stator forward by one step, for instance, a step of one centimeter length. With ten impulses of alternating polarity, it is thus possible to cause the rotor to advance by ten centimeters.
  • Such an arrangement can be employed for numerous purposes.
  • FIGURE 11 represents another embodiment of this invention employing the same principle as the machines described in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 9.
  • the rotor part 18 which is provided with the parallel pole 19.
  • the rail-like member 17 is provided with protruding parts forming the electromagnetic poles for causing the movement of the rotor member 18.
  • the poles S, N of the rail-like member 17 functioning as a stator are spaced apart the same distance as the poles S, N of the rotor member 18.
  • rotor member 18 is supported by means of wheels 22 on bars 21.
  • the' individual coils are visible as they are mounted between subsequent poles and as they are connected in parallel to a source of alternating electric current.
  • the polarity of the poles of the rail-like member 17 is varied and, in conformity with the frequency of the oscillations, rotor member 18 moves toward the end of the rail-like member 17 which is located at the right side of FIG. 11.
  • a further employment possibility for the present invention consists in designing the machine as a counter.
  • electric impulses are introduced into the stator which impulses are released by articles to be counted, whereupon the steps of movement discussed above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 4 are effected in a discontinuous manner, and for instance produce the step wise advance of a pointer over a dial or of a roller counter mechanism.
  • a direct current producer may be employed, for instance an accumulator battery.
  • the effectiveness of the counter mechanism is again based on the single preferred direction permitted by the respective pole.
  • the machine comprising the parts 1 to 7 is connected to a source of direct electric current, for instance an accumulator battery 37, through leads 38, 39 and a switch 30.
  • Switch 30 is provided with contacts 35 and is movable into two different positions. In one of these two positions switch 30 connects the ma chine with the two terminals of battery 37 in one way, whereas in the second position the machine is connected to the terminals of battery 37 in the opposite way.
  • Bottles 40 may then travel through the channel 42. and, while passing by a feeler or interrupter 33, actuate this feeler 33 thereby closing or disconnecting an electric air cuit including an electromagnetic relay 44.
  • Relay 44 in turn, according to whether it is conducting a current or not, will hold switch 30 in its one position or move it into its before mentioned other position.
  • the effectiveness of the counter mechanism is again based upon the single preferred direction permitted by the respective pole.
  • FIG. 14 An example of such a machine is illustrated in FIG. 14.
  • the stator comprises two pairs of electromagnetic poles including the core 11 and coils 13 with terminals 14, 15 surrounding the core.
  • the shunt pole 12 of one pair of poles is located in front of the pair of poles it is connected to, while the other pair of poles has the shunt pole 12 arranged therebehind. Accordingly, depending upon the polarity of the pulses entering coils 13, in this embodiment rotor 2 will travel in a clockwise or a counter-clockwise direction, thereby acting as an integrating counter.
  • An electric machine which includes: a first member having means adapted to function as at least one first,
  • a second member having means adapted to function as at least a second group of a north pole and a south pole, one of said members being movable and the other one of said members forming a stator, all of the groups of one of said members including means adapted to function as a third pole with the poles of said last-mentioned member pertaining to one and the same group arranged one behind the other with regard to the movement of the movable member relative to the stator and having two succeeding poles of one and the same group of the same polarity and the third pole of opposite polarity whereby said movable member is given a preferred direction of mmovernent.
  • An electric machine in which the means adapted to function as a third pole includes an electromagnet.
  • both the stator and said movable member have electric coils for respectively creating their poles, one of the coils pertaining to said stator being adapted to be connected to alternating current, one of the coils pertaining to said movable member being adapted to be con nected to direct current.
  • An electric machine in which for purposes of operating as a counter mechanism said first member forms the stator and comprises electromagnetic means for producing three magnetic poles and in which said electromagnetic means includes electric means for creating impulses of alternating polarity by connection with a direct current source, whereby said electric means is adapted to be energized in the rhythm of articles to be counted.
  • An electric machine having a first pair of poles with a first shunt pole and a second pair of poles with a second shunt pole, said first and second shunt poles being connected with their respective pairs of poles in opposite order with respect to the sense of rotation, said first pair being adapted to react to positive counting pulses and said second pair being adapted to react to negative counting pulses, said machine being applicable as integrating counter for forming the total of positive and negative members entered into the machine in the form of corresponding impulses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
US506744A 1964-11-11 1965-11-08 Linear and rotary electric motors adapted for use as counters Expired - Lifetime US3403272A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEU0011199 1964-11-11

Publications (1)

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US3403272A true US3403272A (en) 1968-09-24

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US506744A Expired - Lifetime US3403272A (en) 1964-11-11 1965-11-08 Linear and rotary electric motors adapted for use as counters

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3403272A (de)
AT (1) AT263918B (de)
BE (1) BE672164A (de)
CH (1) CH456751A (de)
DE (1) DE1488074B2 (de)
GB (1) GB1131936A (de)
NL (1) NL6514551A (de)
SE (1) SE334662B (de)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3546673A (en) * 1968-12-30 1970-12-08 Bowmar Instrument Corp Electromagnetic counting apparatus
US4012899A (en) * 1974-04-09 1977-03-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Daini Seikosha Micro motor for a timepiece
US4071742A (en) * 1975-06-05 1978-01-31 Veeder Industries, Inc. Rotary electromagnetic indicator system
JPS5326910A (en) * 1976-08-26 1978-03-13 Seikosha Co Ltd Small motor
US4185217A (en) * 1975-06-17 1980-01-22 Institutul De Cercetare Si Proiectare Pentru Industria Electrotehnica Three pole electric motor
EP0025124A1 (de) * 1979-08-11 1981-03-18 Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Kaiser Anlage zur Beförderung und/oder Steuerung von entlang einer Bahn bewegbaren Teilen
US4435087A (en) 1981-01-14 1984-03-06 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Motor-driven movement for timepiece
US4459438A (en) * 1980-08-13 1984-07-10 Helmut Kaiser Apparatus comprising a track and articles for movement therealong
EP0135055A1 (de) * 1983-08-04 1985-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schrittweise arbeitende Antriebsanordnung
US4663551A (en) * 1983-05-02 1987-05-05 Herbert Weh Electrical machine
EP0221628A3 (de) * 1985-07-11 1988-04-06 Nippon Ferrofluidics Corporation Elektrischer Motor mit verschiedenen Polen
US4741418A (en) * 1984-10-25 1988-05-03 Helmut Kaiser Electromagnetic energization system with non-coiled, single wire conductor
US4873706A (en) * 1988-03-09 1989-10-10 Schweitzer Edmund O Jun Electromechanical pulse counter
US5319270A (en) * 1990-06-01 1994-06-07 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Electric motor
US20020089246A1 (en) * 2001-01-09 2002-07-11 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Thin inner rotor motor for rotatably driving medium, and disk apparatus using the same
US8493061B2 (en) 2010-04-23 2013-07-23 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Cycle meter adjustment device

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH630775B (fr) * 1979-04-12 Portescap Moteur pas a pas polyphase pour mouvement d'horlogerie.
GB2276771B (en) * 1990-06-01 1994-12-14 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Electric motor
FR2754953B1 (fr) * 1996-10-21 1999-02-26 Moving Magnet Tech Moteur polyphase, notamment pour l'entrainement d'une aiguille d'un afficheur

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2465824A (en) * 1948-02-17 1949-03-29 Gen Electric Dynamoelectric machine
US2730301A (en) * 1954-04-09 1956-01-10 Beamish Bernard Delacour Electric can counter circuit
US3174088A (en) * 1959-07-23 1965-03-16 Ringsdorff Werke Gmbh Stepping motor circuit for impulse counting
US3189771A (en) * 1960-10-25 1965-06-15 Controls Co Of America Synchronous motor including additional rotor pole to facilitate starting

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2465824A (en) * 1948-02-17 1949-03-29 Gen Electric Dynamoelectric machine
US2730301A (en) * 1954-04-09 1956-01-10 Beamish Bernard Delacour Electric can counter circuit
US3174088A (en) * 1959-07-23 1965-03-16 Ringsdorff Werke Gmbh Stepping motor circuit for impulse counting
US3189771A (en) * 1960-10-25 1965-06-15 Controls Co Of America Synchronous motor including additional rotor pole to facilitate starting

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3546673A (en) * 1968-12-30 1970-12-08 Bowmar Instrument Corp Electromagnetic counting apparatus
US4012899A (en) * 1974-04-09 1977-03-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Daini Seikosha Micro motor for a timepiece
US4645356A (en) * 1974-04-09 1987-02-24 Seiko Instruments & Electronics Ltd. Wristwatch
US4071742A (en) * 1975-06-05 1978-01-31 Veeder Industries, Inc. Rotary electromagnetic indicator system
US4185217A (en) * 1975-06-17 1980-01-22 Institutul De Cercetare Si Proiectare Pentru Industria Electrotehnica Three pole electric motor
JPS5326910A (en) * 1976-08-26 1978-03-13 Seikosha Co Ltd Small motor
EP0025124A1 (de) * 1979-08-11 1981-03-18 Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Kaiser Anlage zur Beförderung und/oder Steuerung von entlang einer Bahn bewegbaren Teilen
US4459438A (en) * 1980-08-13 1984-07-10 Helmut Kaiser Apparatus comprising a track and articles for movement therealong
US4435087A (en) 1981-01-14 1984-03-06 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Motor-driven movement for timepiece
US4663551A (en) * 1983-05-02 1987-05-05 Herbert Weh Electrical machine
EP0135055A1 (de) * 1983-08-04 1985-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schrittweise arbeitende Antriebsanordnung
US4741418A (en) * 1984-10-25 1988-05-03 Helmut Kaiser Electromagnetic energization system with non-coiled, single wire conductor
EP0221628A3 (de) * 1985-07-11 1988-04-06 Nippon Ferrofluidics Corporation Elektrischer Motor mit verschiedenen Polen
US4847526A (en) * 1985-07-11 1989-07-11 Nippon Ferrofluidics Corporation Variant-pole electric motor
US4873706A (en) * 1988-03-09 1989-10-10 Schweitzer Edmund O Jun Electromechanical pulse counter
US5319270A (en) * 1990-06-01 1994-06-07 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Electric motor
US20020089246A1 (en) * 2001-01-09 2002-07-11 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Thin inner rotor motor for rotatably driving medium, and disk apparatus using the same
US7187092B2 (en) * 2001-01-09 2007-03-06 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Thin inner rotor motor for rotatably driving medium, and disk apparatus using the same
US8493061B2 (en) 2010-04-23 2013-07-23 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Cycle meter adjustment device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT263918B (de) 1968-08-12
DE1488074B2 (de) 1972-03-30
BE672164A (de) 1966-03-01
GB1131936A (en) 1968-10-30
SE334662B (de) 1971-05-03
DE1488074A1 (de) 1969-07-03
NL6514551A (de) 1966-05-12
CH456751A (de) 1968-07-31

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