US3410080A - Process for producing elastic core yarns - Google Patents

Process for producing elastic core yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3410080A
US3410080A US300552A US30055263A US3410080A US 3410080 A US3410080 A US 3410080A US 300552 A US300552 A US 300552A US 30055263 A US30055263 A US 30055263A US 3410080 A US3410080 A US 3410080A
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United States
Prior art keywords
elastic
roving
core
yarn
inelastic
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US300552A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr Edwin L Lord
Wilmington Albert Stewart
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EIDP Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US300552A priority Critical patent/US3410080A/en
Priority to GB21556/64A priority patent/GB1072501A/en
Priority to NL6407568A priority patent/NL6407568A/xx
Priority to CH965364A priority patent/CH430532A/de
Priority to BE651419D priority patent/BE651419A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3410080A publication Critical patent/US3410080A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
    • D02G3/324—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic using a drawing frame

Definitions

  • continuous filament elastic yarn which may be either rubber or a synthetic elastomeric yarn
  • inelastic fibers by any of several procedures.
  • the continuous filament elastic core is wrapped with one or more layers of inelastic yarn, which may be either a continuous filament yarn or a spun yarn, on a conventional twisting machine or on a hollow spindle covering machine well known in the art for this purpose.
  • the continuous filament elastic yarn is combined with roving made of inelastic staple fibers in the drafting zone of a conventional spinning frame.
  • the composite yarns produced in this way are widely known as core-spun elastic yarns.
  • the basic method and numerous variants thereof are disclosed in a number of patents, among which may be mentioned by way of example US. 2,024,156, US. 3,017,740, and US. 3,038,295.
  • any of the types of composite elastic yarns based on a continuous filament elastic member whether by wrapping on a hollow spindle machine, by simple twisting on a twisting frame, or by core-spinning, it is desirable to combine the elastic yarn with only one end of inelastic yarn, either continuous filament or spun yarn It frequently occurs, however, that a single end of inelastic fiber does not completely cover the elastic yarn element. Although this condition can be tolerated for many uses, it is usually not desirable that the elastic yarn appear exposed on the face of the fabrics made from the composite yarn. This undesirable elfect, commonly known as grinning, is accentuated if there is a pronounced color difference between the elastic and inelastic components of the yarn.
  • the objects of this invention are achieved by an improvement in a conventional process for preparing composite elastic yarns in which an elastic component is tensioned or stretched to substantially increase its length, a roving of staple fibers is drafted, and the core and roving are gathered and twisted to form the composite yarn.
  • the improvement comprises passing the tensioned core and the drafted roving into the nip of a pair of forwarding rolls in a side-by-side relationship, The core is displaced from the center of the roving in a direction opposite to the direction of the desired twist. If a Z-twist is desired, the core is positioned to the left of the roving as it enters the forwarding rolls.
  • the core is positioned to the right of the roving.
  • the roving and core are positioned in contiguous relationship. While a small amount of separation can be tolerated, separation greater than about oneeighth inch will result in undesirable loss of cover of the core by the roving.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic view of a spinning frame having auxiliary tension and feed means useful in the manufacture of composite elastic yarns;
  • FIGURES 2 and 3 are diagrammatic views showing the positions of the core and roving as they pass between the front rolls of the spinning frame.
  • a roving 10 is withdrawn from bobbin 12 and passed over guide bar 14 to the draft zone of a spinning frame where it passes between top and bottom back rolls 16 and 16.
  • the roving is then passed between drafting aprons 18 and 18' which are supported by top rolls 20 and 22 and bottom rolls 20' and 22'. From the drafting aprons, the roving is guided into the nip formed by top front roll 24 and bottom front roll 26.
  • elastic core yarn 28 is withdrawn from package 30 which is cradled between feed rolls 32 and 34.
  • the core yarn 28 is passed from feed rolls 32 and 34 over tubular roll 38 and into the nip formed by top front roll 24 and bottom front roll 26.
  • Positioning of the core yarn 28 relative to roving 10 may be achieved by guides, not shown, between roll 38 and the nip formed by the front rolls 24 and 26.
  • roving 10 and elastic core yarn 28 leave the nip formed by the front rolls, they are passed through guide 36 to a conventional ring and traveler Winding device 40 where they are wound as a composite yarn 42 onto a bobbin 44.
  • the elastic core tensioning and feed means is driven directly from front roll shaft 25.
  • a conventional spinning frame may be readily adapted to drive the tensioning and feed means in this manner by merely attaching a split sprocket assembly 27 to shaft 25. Power may be transmitted from sprocket 3 27 to gear 29 by means of a chain 31.
  • Rolls 38, 32 and 34 may likewise be driven by chains 33, 35 and 37, respectively.
  • the various elements of the apparatus may be driven at the desired rates of speed by appropriate selection of gear ratios.
  • Feed rolls 32 and 34 are: driven at substantially slower speeds, thus stretching core yarn 28 as it is passed to the nip of the front rolls. This stretch will usually be on the order of two to six times the original length of the elastic core yarn. It may be desirable, however, to use either higher or lower stretch ratios.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the relative positioning of the elements, core yarn 28 and roving 10, as they pass between front rolls 24 and 26
  • FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of core yarn 28 and roving 10 when an S-twist is to be imparted.
  • the direction of twist used herein is that defined at page in the book by Truslow, N. A., Handbook of Twisting, Clark Publishing Co., Charlotte, NC, 1957.
  • the elastic core element is a continuous filament elastic yarn, it may be introduced behind the front rolls in the manner described in U.S. Patents 3,017,740 and 3,038,295.
  • an elastic roving prepared from a blend of elastic and inelastic staple fibers as taught in U.S. Patent 3,007,227, may be used.
  • the elastic core element will have passed through the draft zone of a spinning frame. in a conventional manner and can be maintained in spaced parallel alignment with inelastic roving until the two rovings pass through the front rolls and are combined.
  • Example I A composite yarn having an inelastic covering and an elastic core is prepared using apparatus of the type illustrated in FIGURE 1.
  • a 70-denier (7.78 tex) continuous filament spandex yarn of the type described in U.S. Patent 3,039,895 is used as the core. This yarn is given 300% stretch before it is introduced into the nip of the front rolls.
  • A. 1.0 hank (591 tex) roving with 0.67 turn per inch Z-twist is prepared from 64-70s grade wool. The roving is dyed black.
  • the roving is given a draft of 19.2 and combined with the elastic core to form a composite yarn equivalent to /1 c.c. (29.6 tex) with 18 t.p.i. Z-twist.
  • rings having a diameter of 2.5 inches and a No. 19 traveler are used with a spindle speed of 6100 rpm.
  • Three different yarns are prepared with the elastic core being guided into the front rolls so as to emerge from the rolls in each of three different positions relative to the inelastic roving.
  • the first sample is prepared by spacing the elastic core between 0.125 and 0.25 inch to the left of the left edge of the inelastic roving. Inspection of the composite yarn reveals severe grinning, i.e., incomplete covering of the core.
  • the second sample' is prepared by guiding the elastic core into the front rolls precisely along the left edge of the inelastic roving. Upon inspection, it is found that the resulting composite yarn is a yarn with excellent covering of the core element.
  • the elastic core is spaced between 0.125 and 0.25 inch to the right ofthe right edge of the inelastic roving.
  • the resulting composite yarn is of poor quality showing incomplete covering of the core.
  • Example II The procedure described in Example I is repeated in preparing composite yarns except that the elastic core is prepared from a blend of elastic and inelastic fibers as described in U.S. 3,007,227.
  • a spandex staple fiber of 6-denier per filament (0.67 tex per filament) having a length of 2.75 inches is prepared by cutting a spandex tow of the type described in U.S. 3,077,006.
  • the spandex staple fiber is blended with commercially available polyethylene terephthalate staple fiber having a denier per filament of 2.25 (0.25 tex) and a length of 3.5 inches to form a 2.0 bank (295 tex) elastic roving with 0.46 turn per inch Z-twist.
  • the elastic roving contains polyethylene terephthalate fibers and 10% spandex fibers.
  • An inelastic 2.0 bank (295 tex) roving having 0.445 turn per inch Z-twist is prepared from the same polyethylene terephthalate staple fiber.
  • the two rovings are double creeled on a spinning frame, i.e., one end of both the elastic and inelastic roving is creeled per spindle.
  • the two rovings are guided into the nip of the front rolls to produce a series of composite yarn samples which will be described later herein.
  • Each of the composite yarns prepared is a 20/1 c.c. (29.6 tex), 18.7 turns per inch Z-twist yarn, and is spun using rings having a diameter of 2.5 inches with a No. 21 traveler at a spindle speed of 6500 rpm.
  • the first composite yarn is prepared by positioning the elastic roving 0.5 inch to the left of the left edge of the inelastic roving. Inspection of the composite yarn reveals that the yarn is unsatisfactory in that the core element is poorly covered.
  • the second sample is prepared by positioning the elastic roving 0.25 inch to the left of the left edge of the inelastic roving. Inspection of this yarn reveals a better covering of the core than observed for the first sample; however, both properties are considered to be marginal.
  • the third sample is prepared by positioning the elastic roving precisely at the left edge of the inelastic roving. A good yarn, exhibiting excellent cover, is provided.
  • the fourth sample is prepared by positioning the elastic roving precisely at the right edge of the inelastic roving. Poor cover of the elastic yarn is observed.
  • the elastic roving is positioned 0.25 inch to the right of the right edge of the inelastic roving. Poor cover of the elastic roving is observed.
  • the sixth sample is prepared by positioning the elastic roving 0.5 inch to the right of the right edge of the inelastic roving.
  • the cover of the composite yarn is poor.
  • the apparatus which has been illustrated may be modified in a number of respects.
  • Various feed and tensioning devices as well as guides may be used.
  • the feeding of a plurality of core and covering elements may be readily accomplished by the adition of elastic core feeding and tensioning means for each position on a conventional spinning frame.
  • the core component may be a stretch yarn prepared from inelastic fibers.
  • the composite elastic yarns made according to this invention may be employed in any of the multitude of uses where elastic yarns find application. They are particularly advantageous in apparel fabrics, and especially dyed fabrics, where the substantially complete cover afforded by this invention overcomes the long-standing problem of grinning and where the concentration of elastic elements in the core of the yarn bundle overcomes the problem of migration of elastic filaments to the surface of the fabric. However, their usefulness is not limited to such apparel fabrics.
  • a method for producing a composite elastic yarn comprising the steps of tensioning an elastic core to substantially increase its length, drafting a roving of staple fibers, and thereafter gathering and twisting the elastic core and the roving together whereby said elastic core is covered by said roving; the improvement which comprises passing the tensioned core and the drafted roving into the nip of a pair of forwarding rolls in a side-by-side relationship for direct advancement to a windup, said core being displaced from the center of said roving in a direction opposite to the direction of twist, the distance between said core and said roving being not greater than about one-eighth inch.
  • said elastic core is comprised of a blend of elastic and inelastic staple fibers.
  • a method for producing a composite elastic yarn comprising the steps of tensioning an elastic core to substantially increase its length, drafting a roving of staple fibers, and thereafter gathering and twisting the elastic core and the roving together whereby said elastic core is covered by said roving; the improvement which comprises passing the tensioned core and the drafted roving into the nip of a pair of forwarding rolls with the core being positioned at an edge of the roving for direct advancement to a Windup, said core being displaced from the center of said roving in a direction opposite to the direction of twisting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US300552A 1963-08-07 1963-08-07 Process for producing elastic core yarns Expired - Lifetime US3410080A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US300552A US3410080A (en) 1963-08-07 1963-08-07 Process for producing elastic core yarns
GB21556/64A GB1072501A (en) 1963-08-07 1964-05-25 Process for producing yarns
NL6407568A NL6407568A (de) 1963-08-07 1964-07-03
CH965364A CH430532A (de) 1963-08-07 1964-07-23 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines zusammengesetzten, elastischen Garns
BE651419D BE651419A (de) 1963-08-07 1964-08-05

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US300552A US3410080A (en) 1963-08-07 1963-08-07 Process for producing elastic core yarns

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US3410080A true US3410080A (en) 1968-11-12

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US300552A Expired - Lifetime US3410080A (en) 1963-08-07 1963-08-07 Process for producing elastic core yarns

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US (1) US3410080A (de)
BE (1) BE651419A (de)
CH (1) CH430532A (de)
GB (1) GB1072501A (de)
NL (1) NL6407568A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4411129A (en) * 1979-12-22 1983-10-25 Alan Parker Composite yarn
US4614081A (en) * 1984-10-11 1986-09-30 Youngnam Textile Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing a cotton yarn
WO2009141469A1 (es) * 2008-05-20 2009-11-26 Pinter, S.A. Procedimiento y aparato para la fabricación de hilos elásticos

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2157433C1 (ru) * 1999-01-22 2000-10-10 Оганесян Ким Аршакович Способ получения смешанной эластомерной пряжи

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US420669A (en) * 1890-02-04 Foe the manufacture of union and fancy yaens
US1198997A (en) * 1916-01-12 1916-09-19 Slater & Sons S Yarn-guide for drawing and spinning frames.
US1286311A (en) * 1916-05-26 1918-12-03 William A Heathcock Machine for making core-yarns.
US2024156A (en) * 1933-03-21 1935-12-17 Us Rubber Co Elastic yarn and process of making the same
US2076270A (en) * 1935-08-15 1937-04-06 Harris Textile Machinery Corp Method of making covered elastic threads
US2901884A (en) * 1955-01-17 1959-09-01 Jan V Weinberger Multiple core yarn

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US420669A (en) * 1890-02-04 Foe the manufacture of union and fancy yaens
US1198997A (en) * 1916-01-12 1916-09-19 Slater & Sons S Yarn-guide for drawing and spinning frames.
US1286311A (en) * 1916-05-26 1918-12-03 William A Heathcock Machine for making core-yarns.
US2024156A (en) * 1933-03-21 1935-12-17 Us Rubber Co Elastic yarn and process of making the same
US2076270A (en) * 1935-08-15 1937-04-06 Harris Textile Machinery Corp Method of making covered elastic threads
US2901884A (en) * 1955-01-17 1959-09-01 Jan V Weinberger Multiple core yarn

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4411129A (en) * 1979-12-22 1983-10-25 Alan Parker Composite yarn
US4614081A (en) * 1984-10-11 1986-09-30 Youngnam Textile Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing a cotton yarn
WO2009141469A1 (es) * 2008-05-20 2009-11-26 Pinter, S.A. Procedimiento y aparato para la fabricación de hilos elásticos

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1072501A (en) 1967-06-14
NL6407568A (de) 1965-02-08
CH430532A (de) 1967-02-15
BE651419A (de) 1964-12-01

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