US3430940A - Refractory coated composite oxygen lance - Google Patents

Refractory coated composite oxygen lance Download PDF

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Publication number
US3430940A
US3430940A US681416A US3430940DA US3430940A US 3430940 A US3430940 A US 3430940A US 681416 A US681416 A US 681416A US 3430940D A US3430940D A US 3430940DA US 3430940 A US3430940 A US 3430940A
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United States
Prior art keywords
refractory
lance
lances
foil
oxygen
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Expired - Lifetime
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US681416A
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English (en)
Inventor
George H Criss
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Dresser Industries Inc
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Dresser Industries Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
    • C21C5/4613—Refractory coated lances; Immersion lances

Definitions

  • BACKGROUND Steel is manufactured from iron by removing impurities such as carbon, silicon, sulfur, phosphorous, and manganese by oxidizing these impurities and removing them as gas or entrapping them in a slag floating on the surface of a molten metal. Since oxygen has become available in large tonnages, it has become common steelmaking practice to oxidize the aforesaid impurities by injecting oxygen directly into the molten metal bath. Near the end of the steelmaking process, the temperature of the molten steel bath approaches 3000 F. Since it is necessary that the oxygen be introduced immediately above the bath or even somewhat below the bath in order to obtain best results, the manner of delivering the oxygen to the bath is quite important. Generally, this is done by injecting the oxygen onto the surface of the bath through a refractorycoated lance.
  • Prior art oxygen lances include uncoated black iron pipe.
  • Refractory-coated lances have been manufactured in several ways.
  • One type disclosed in US. 3,292,662 is iron or steel pipe which have refractory oxide applied by dipping the pipe in a slurry of finely divided refractory material. This technique deposits a very thin coating and usually contains some low-melting binder, such as sodium silicate, to attach the coating to the iron pipe.
  • a phosphate-bonded paste is applied to the pipe.
  • a refractory-coated lance which comprises a tubular metal base surrounded by a plurality of layers of moisture-free, chemically-bonded, refractory aggregate separated by a metal foil.
  • the refractory layers are typically from /sto A- inch thick.
  • the refractory is selected from available refractory oxides and raw materials to best resist the slag present in the particular steelmaking process in which the lances are to be used.
  • the metal foil is suitable if it has a melting point equal to or greater than that of aluminum. Aluminum foil is preferable.
  • the chemical binder for the refractory aggregate may be any of the well known binders, such as phosphoric acid, chromic acid, sodium silicate, and soluble phosphates and chromates.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a lance according to this invention; and FIG. 2 is a section along line 11 in FIG. 1.
  • Example I A batch was prepared by mixing refractory-grade chrome ore, sized so that at least 80% passed 65 mesh and less than 1% was plus 14 mesh with 7 /2% of sodium silicate and 2.5% clay.
  • Sodium silicate used was manufactured under the trade name G Powder by Philadelphia Quartz Company. It has a sodazsilica ratio of 123.22 and contains 18.5% of water of hydration.
  • the particular chrome ore used was Philippine chrome ore. By refractory grade, it is meant that the chrome ore contains less than 5% silica.
  • the mixture was tempered with about 19% water to form a paste-like consistency. The mixture was spread to a depth of about /8- to A1- inch over the surface of 18-inch wide sheet of aluminum foil.
  • the foil was long enough to extend within 5 inches of each end of a section of black iron pipe about 5 feet long.
  • the aluminum foil was approximaately 0.001-inch thick.
  • the foil and the mixture were then wrapped or rolled around the /z-inch pipe.
  • the lance was then dried at 250 F. for about 3 hours to remove substantially all free moisture.
  • the lance was used to inject oxygen at psi. into an electric furnace during the manufacture of a manganese alloy steel at an approximate temperature of 2880 F. The lance was consumed at a rate of 1.9 inches per minute.
  • Another lance manufactured according to this example was used to introduce oxygen into a chrome alloy steel bath at approximaately 3050 F. The lance was consumed at a rate of 6.5 inches per minute.
  • Example II Lances were manufactured in the same manner as Example 1, except that steel foil was used rather than aluminum foil.
  • the steel foil was 0.002 inch thick. When used to introduce oxygen into the chrome alloy heat (3050 F), it was consumed at a rate of 7.5 inches per minute.
  • Example III Lances made according to the teachings of the prior, art; that is, with combustible materials separating adjacent layers of refractory material surrounding the lance, were also tested in the same electric furnaces as the lances according to Example I.
  • the prior art lances were consumed at a rate of 7.1 inches per minute, which is about four times faster than lances according to this invention.
  • the chrome alloy heat the prior art lances were consumed at a rate of 25.7 inches per minute. This is about four times faster than lances made according to this invention.
  • Example IV An iron pipe was coated according to the prior art with a 0.03-inch layer of refractory material by dipping in a slurry comprising 29 parts water and the remainder comprising 80 parts, by weight, minus 200 mesh potters flint (silica); parts, by weight, minus 200 mesh soda feldspar; and 10 parts BW-Brand sodium silicate (manufactured by Philadelphia Quartz Company having a silicazsoda ratio of 1.62:1). The lance was dried at 500 F. Lances according to this example were consumed in the manganese alloy heat at a rate of 16.5 inches per minute. In the chrome alloy heat they were consumed at a rate of 33.4 inches per minute.
  • the lance comprises a metal, elongate, tubular, open-ended base 1 which has means 2 (for example, threads) at one end for attaching to the oxygen source.
  • the foil 3 and refractory coating 4 are wrapped about the major portion of the tubular base and crimped at each end.
  • lances according to this invention are so superior to those according to the prior art, it is believed that the foil provides a degree of tensile strength to the lance coating. Inspection of lances according to this invention, after service, shows that the foil is substantially unaltered even at what was the hottest end of the lance. It is not oxidized but, perhaps, somewhat melted. Furthermore, lances according to this invention are manufactured to be substantially free from moisture (they are dried at temperatures in excess of 212 F. until they can no longer lose weight due to moisture removal). This prevents spalling away of the lance coating as a result of rapid evolution of entrapped steam. In addition, lances according to this invention do not unravel during service as those with refractory layers separated by combustible materials.
  • the refractory material used in the practice of this invention may comprise any suitable refractory such as calcined bauxite, calcined fire clay, dead burned magnesite, olivine, kyanite, tabular alumina, zircon, chrome ore, or ground slag.
  • Chemical binders that are suitable according to this invention include calcium aluminate cement, sodium silicate, sodium phosphates, soluble chromate salts, chromic acid, epsom salts. magnesium chloride, nitrecake, lignosulfonate liquor. and others well known in the art.
  • the refractory aggregate should be sized so that at least about 50% passes 65 mesh and the remainder substantially all passes 14 mesh.
  • the refractory mixture is made more spreadable and workable if a small addition (less than 5%, by weight) of clay is made to the batch.
  • the batches are usually tempered with water (generally 10 to 30%) to bring them to a paste-like consistency.
  • water generally 10 to 30%
  • other tempering fluids known in the art may be used.
  • Aluminum and steel foils are, of course, the most readily available flexible foils and, therefore, the most suitable in the practice of this invention. However, other metal foils would be satisfactory so long as they had melting points higher than or similar to that of aluminum. We have found that 18-inch wide rolls of foil are particularly suitable. The thickness of the metal foil is such that it can be easily wrapped about the pipe.
  • a refractory-coated oxygen lance suitable for use in oxygen converter vessels comprising an elongate, openended, tubular, metal base and surrounding said base a plurality of layers of moisture-free, chemically-bonded refractory aggregate separated by metal foil.
  • Refractory-coated lances according to claim 1 in which the metal foil is aluminum foil.
  • Refractory-coated lances according to claim 1 in which the refractory aggregate is sized so that at least by weight, passes mesh, and substantially all passes 14 mesh.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US681416A 1967-11-08 1967-11-08 Refractory coated composite oxygen lance Expired - Lifetime US3430940A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US68141667A 1967-11-08 1967-11-08

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US3430940A true US3430940A (en) 1969-03-04

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US (1) US3430940A (de)
AT (1) AT294875B (de)
BR (1) BR6803771D0 (de)
DE (1) DE1806387A1 (de)
ES (1) ES161905Y (de)
GB (1) GB1193769A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3799522A (en) * 1971-10-08 1974-03-26 British Aluminium Co Ltd Apparatus for introducing gas into liquid metal
US3976286A (en) * 1973-08-22 1976-08-24 Gr-Stein Refractories Limited Metallurgical lances
US4093193A (en) * 1977-06-07 1978-06-06 Electro-Nite Co. Composite high temperature protection tube
US4608107A (en) * 1983-05-04 1986-08-26 Niemand Bros. Inc. High temperature probe lance cover
US4662614A (en) * 1984-03-16 1987-05-05 Oxy-Tuben Ab Blast pipe
US4729548A (en) * 1986-09-04 1988-03-08 Richland Industrial, Inc. Refractory coating for metal
US4802940A (en) * 1982-06-09 1989-02-07 Richland Industrial, Inc. Method for coating pipe with refractory material
US5066350A (en) * 1982-06-09 1991-11-19 Richland Industrial, Inc. Method of applying a refractory coating to a conduit
US5881775A (en) * 1994-10-24 1999-03-16 Hexcel Corporation Heat exchanger tube and method for making
CN108516844A (zh) * 2018-04-19 2018-09-11 澄江县磷化工华业有限责任公司 磷炉尾气燃烧产生高温下的防腐蚀材料
JPWO2020230561A1 (de) * 2019-05-10 2020-11-19

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110565365B (zh) * 2019-08-20 2022-03-04 安徽省通信产业服务有限公司 一种导电布阻燃层的制备方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1948007A (en) * 1931-06-30 1934-02-20 Standard Oil Co Means for preventing corrosion of metallic objects
US2954803A (en) * 1955-09-02 1960-10-04 Foil Process Corp Tubular metallic foil products and method of producing them
GB859599A (en) * 1958-03-14 1961-01-25 Hodgson & Hodgson Ltd Improvements in pipe lagging
US3206183A (en) * 1963-03-29 1965-09-14 Jr Howard L Marwick Refractory coated tube and method of making same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1948007A (en) * 1931-06-30 1934-02-20 Standard Oil Co Means for preventing corrosion of metallic objects
US2954803A (en) * 1955-09-02 1960-10-04 Foil Process Corp Tubular metallic foil products and method of producing them
GB859599A (en) * 1958-03-14 1961-01-25 Hodgson & Hodgson Ltd Improvements in pipe lagging
US3206183A (en) * 1963-03-29 1965-09-14 Jr Howard L Marwick Refractory coated tube and method of making same

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3799522A (en) * 1971-10-08 1974-03-26 British Aluminium Co Ltd Apparatus for introducing gas into liquid metal
US3976286A (en) * 1973-08-22 1976-08-24 Gr-Stein Refractories Limited Metallurgical lances
US4093193A (en) * 1977-06-07 1978-06-06 Electro-Nite Co. Composite high temperature protection tube
US4802940A (en) * 1982-06-09 1989-02-07 Richland Industrial, Inc. Method for coating pipe with refractory material
US5066350A (en) * 1982-06-09 1991-11-19 Richland Industrial, Inc. Method of applying a refractory coating to a conduit
US4608107A (en) * 1983-05-04 1986-08-26 Niemand Bros. Inc. High temperature probe lance cover
US4662614A (en) * 1984-03-16 1987-05-05 Oxy-Tuben Ab Blast pipe
US4729548A (en) * 1986-09-04 1988-03-08 Richland Industrial, Inc. Refractory coating for metal
US5881775A (en) * 1994-10-24 1999-03-16 Hexcel Corporation Heat exchanger tube and method for making
CN108516844A (zh) * 2018-04-19 2018-09-11 澄江县磷化工华业有限责任公司 磷炉尾气燃烧产生高温下的防腐蚀材料
CN108516844B (zh) * 2018-04-19 2020-03-20 澄江县磷化工华业有限责任公司 磷炉尾气燃烧产生高温下的防腐蚀材料
JPWO2020230561A1 (de) * 2019-05-10 2020-11-19
EP3967670A4 (de) * 2019-05-10 2022-06-29 JFE Steel Corporation Verfahren zur modifizierung von stahlwerksschlacke und lanze
JP7184179B2 (ja) 2019-05-10 2022-12-06 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 製鋼スラグの改質方法およびランス

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Publication number Publication date
BR6803771D0 (pt) 1973-04-10
ES161905Y (es) 1971-06-16
DE1806387A1 (de) 1969-06-04
AT294875B (de) 1971-12-10
ES161905U (es) 1970-11-16
GB1193769A (en) 1970-06-03

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