US343132A - la dow - Google Patents

Description

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No. 343,132. Patented June 1, 1 886.

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Patented June 1, 1886. F2325.

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DISK HARROW. No. 343,182. Patented June 1, 1886.-

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES LA DOWV, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

DISK-'HARROW.

SPECIFECATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 343,132, dated June 1, 1886.

Serial No. 136,560. (No model.)

0 all whom it may concern:

Fig. 2, a plan view; Fig. 3, a rear View; Fig.

4, also a plan view, showing the machine in a somewhat different position; Fig. 5, a detail view showing by full lines the bifurcated draft-connection between the dislcgangs and the cross-beam of the machine, and by dotted lines the side action of the rear ends of the draft-connections in opposite directions for permitting the vertical vibration of the ends of the gangs. Figs. 6, 7 and S are detail views showing the inner ends of the weight-boxes and the chain which connects them. Fig. 9 is a detail view showing one form of connection between the inner ends of the disk-gangs,

and Figs. 10 and 11 are detail views illnstrat-' ing other and preferred manners of connecting the inner ends of the disk-gangs.

A is the tongue or pole ofthe machine, and B the crossbar, which is shown as bolted to the u ndersidc of the tongue. Bifurcated braces or connections cextend from the outer ends of the cross-bar to the pole-that is, on each side there is a pair of braces a, which our brace both the upper and lower sides of the cross-bar and tongue. The disks 0 are mounted upon a gang-shaft and separated by suitable spacing-thimbles, c, as usual. The special and preferred construction of the gang-shaft and the manner of joining the gangs at their inner ends are described hereinafter. Each gang is provided with two bearing'boxes, D and E. These boxings, so far as the bearing of the gang-shaft therein is concerned nay be constructed in the manner set forth in my Patent N 0. 297,524, granted to me April 22, 1884, or in any other suitable manner which will permit the desired vertical and horizontal rocking of the gang-shafts.

The upper sections of the boxings are, however, preferably cast as illustrated, particularly in Figs. 1 and 3, so as to leave a horizontalslot, d, therein.

The connections between the inner boxes, D, and the cross-beam B constitute the draft-bars, and the construction is as follows: There is a bifurcated draftconnection, F, between each box and the end of the cross-beam. The rear end of .the upper bar, f, of each pair of bars F, which constitute a draft-colmeetion, is inserted in the horizontal slot (1 in the upper section of the box D, and projects over and rests on the axle of the gang. The other end of this bar embraces the top of the crossbeam, while the other bar, f, extends from the under side of the boxing D to the under side of the cross-beam, the two bars'constituting the bifurcated connection being bolted to the boxing by a vertical bolt,f, about which they turn, as is hereinafter described. The opposite ends of the bars ff are also bolted to the end of the cross-beam by a bolt, a, which also serves to pivot the bifurcated braces a to the cross-beam. It will be perceived by this structure that the bifurcated braces F turn on vertical pivots both at the boxings D and at the ends of the cross-beam, to accommodate the varying adjustments of the gangs, and also to permit vertical vibration of the ends of the gangs. The bifurcated draft-connections may be attached rigidly to the cross-bar, and may be hinged to the gang in any preferred way.

The adjusting-bars G, by which the angle of the gangs is varied, are connected with a lever pivoted in the pole of the machine, and provided with a suitable rack and detent, as usual. From this lever the bars extend rearwardl y in divergent directions, and are preferably bolted in horizontal slots (1 in the boxings E, in the same manner that the draft-bars f are seated in the slots in the boxings D; but they may be attached in other ways. The rear ends of the bars G are bent at so as to properly enter between the disks on each side of the boxings E, and from the bend g to their ends they are substantially parallel with the bifurcated draft-connections F. Pivoted bracebars H, which are bolted to the ends of the cross-beam by the pivot bolts a, are connected with the bars G by swivel connections h.

Chains may be usedinstead of the brace-bar H, and either construction is designed to prevent lateral movement of the frame relatively to the gangs. It will be obvious now that by means of the bars G the angle of the gangs may be adjusted, and that the bifurcated draftbars F and the adjusting -bars G will turn upon their vertical pivot-bolts, and permit the free horizontal movement of the gangs.

The braces H maybe omitted, and, if desired, a stop may be attached to each end of cross-bar for the swinging draftlinks to strike against, and thus limit the horizontal motions of the gangs. By employing abi furcatcd draftconnection between the cross-bar and diskgang I also obtain great freedom and range of vertical movement for the ends of the gangs, as the upper and lower limbs of said draftconnections are free to swing horizontally at their rear ends in opposite directions from their pivot on the cross -bar, as shown by dotted linesin Fig. 5. Said form of draft-connections also prevents deflection of the main frame at the cross-bar, and the upper rear ends of the said draft-connections resting over the center of the axle prevents torsional strain on the vertical pivots at those points.

Single draftconnections having bifurcated ends, or single draft-connections entering into bifurcations formed on the journal-boxes and on the cross -bar, may be substituted, if desired; but I prefer the construction shown in the drawings. 7

So far as I am aware I am the first to connect the adjustingbars of the gangs outside. of their (lraltconnections with the main frame or cross-beam. By this construction I obtain a greater facility of adjustment, and Iconsider i the change a substantial and practical improvement.

Heretofore it has been customary to connect the gangs to the frame in such a manner that the outer connections had no vertical move ment, but formed a rigid fulcrum on which the gangs vibrated; nor, heretofore, have the outer connections been free to move horizontally to accommodate the adjustment of the gangs. These two features I consider material improvements. 4

By employing a bifurcated draft-connection F, which is bolted to the boxing and to the cross-beam by vertical pivot-bolts, the gang is prevented from tilting or rocking sidewise a feature which is specially important when weight-boxes are used in connect-ion with a harrow-as hereinafterdescribed. I also, by means of the vertical pivot bolts, give the structure great freedom of motion and facility of adj ustment without binding or straining the parts; and this structure, in connection with the bifurcated braces a, which connect the pole and crossbeam, give the machine strength and simplicity. By pivoting the draft-connection at one end to the cross bar and by a vertical pivot to the gang at the rear end the buffers abut during all angular and vertical vibrations of the gangs, as the pivoted draftarmsswing to accommodate the movement of the gangs. a

The lever for adjusting the gangs may be pivoted in the pole nearer the seat of the machine than shown in the drawings. In that case, however,I prefer to employ a pivoted short lever, I, in the position in which the main lever is shown in the drawings, and to connect the main lever with the short lever bya horizontal link either above or beneath the-pole, as desired.

In Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 9 (for counteracting the end-thrust of the gangs) I have shown their adjoining or inner ends with ac'onically'shaped buffer, K, on the end of one of the gang-shafts, which fits into a correspondingly conicallysocketed piece, K, on the other end of the gangshaft. This construction also prevents the ends of the gang-shafts from rising and falling independently of each other, and the conjoint action of the two conical surfaces tends constantly to bring the gang-shafts into the same horizontal plane, and admits of their horizontal adjustment and vertical vibration. This construction is new with me, so far as I am aware, and works well; but the same re sults are accomplished by the arrangements shown in- Figs. 10 and 1.1, by which the gangs are also kept from spreading apart. The same results may also be accomplished in other ways.

In Fig. 11 the gang-shafts L are hollow, and are formed with a shoulder or flange at the inner end, between which and the clamp-nuts Z, on the outer ends of the shafts, the disks and thimbles are clamped. Buffers M, with convex abutting-faces, are also secured on the inner ends of the gang-shafts, between the inner disks and the flanges or shoulders L, above mentioned. The abutting convex surfaces of the buffers Mpermit the inner ends of the gangshafts to roll upon each other. \Vhen desired, however, to prevent their separation under any circumstantes, I employ bolts N, which pass entirely through the hollow gang-shafts, and are provided with clamp-nuts a at their outer ends. The inner ends of these bolts are formed with eyes N, which interlock, so that when the bolts are passed through the gangshafts, as shown in Fig. 11, and the nuts n screwed up the gangs will be united by a strong swivel-connection, which leaves them free to roll upon each other, as above described. The buffers M are socketed or cut out, as clearly indicated in Fig. 11, for the accommodation of the eyes N. This is the structure which I prefer to use, and it allows the gangs to revolve independently or turn in opposite directions, as the hollow axle is designed to revolve without revolving the bolt passing through it. The axle need not be hollow its entire length. In Fig. 10, however, I have shown an arrangement substantially the same in principle, which is preferably employed when some other means of preventing the separation of the inner ends of the gang-shafts is adoptedas, for instance, in the present case, where a chain which connects the inner ends of the weight-boxes is employed, as is hereinafter described.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 10 the structure is substantially the same as in Fig. 11, except that the bolts N extend only part way into the hollow gang'shafts L, so that should the ends of the gangs separate the bolts will slide in the hollow shafts and permit the movement. The buffers on the ends of the V gangs are, however, prevented by the bolts from slipping past each other, and the inner ends of the gangs are thus maintained in sub stantially the same horizontal plane. Of course the arrangement shown in this figure may be used with or without other means for preventing the endwise movement of the gangs, as it is obvious that the bolts N could be of such length as to render their entire withdrawal from the hollow shaft impossible, and they would still tend to maintain the gangshafts in the same horizontal plane. It is ob vious that the end-thrust of the gangs tends to cause the bu tfers to abut against each other.

A construction in which the inner ends of the gangs make contact in some manner and the adj Listing-bars diverge from their point of connection on the pole is desirable, for the reason that there is no liability of sod and rubbish being dragged by the bars and dropped in front of the adjacent edges of the inner disks, as is the case where a single bar is arranged beneath the pole. The space between the inner disks is therefore less liable to become clogged with rubbish, and they can make a clean smooth out.

In Figs. 1 and 3, and. in dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 4, I have indicated weight-boxes for insuring the uniform cutof the disks, as is well understood. These boxes are mounted upon standards 0, which are preferably cast in one piece with the upper sections of the journal-boxes D E, though they may be made separate and bolted to the said boxes, if desired. Partitions may divide the spacein the boxes and the weight therein be apportioned as desired. The weight-boxes also, of course, constitute gang frames or beams.

I prefer to employ a brace-link, P, which extends from the under side of each weight box or beam to the end of the eross beam,and is secured by the bolt a. This link supplements the bifurcated connection F, and serves to maintain the weight-box in a vertical position. It is not, however, an essential element, though a desirable one.

The inner ends of the weight-boxes are connected by a chain, Q, which prevents the separation of the gangs, as before referred to. This chain is preferably connected with cams g on the ends of the weight-boxes. The purpose of this arrangement is that in the horizontal adjustment of the gangs the chain will be wound or unwound on the edges of the cams, so that it is kept substantially at the same tension all the time. The cams, however, are notnecessary for this purpose, though they are desirable. The chain may be removably secured on the cams so as to be adjusted. The buffers striking against each other, and the chain being maintained under a suitable tension, the inner ends of the gangs will be prevented from rising by the strain of the chain, while they will be free to fall as the chain will be slackened by that movement. The chain also prevents the gangs from spreading apart whenthe machine is backed; but other means may be employed for this purpose, and the chain may be removed, in which case the inner ends of the gangs can rise, and then theywill be flexiblein both up and down movements to conform to unevenness of surface.

It is obvious that so far as some of the features of my invention are concerned, others may be dispensed with. NVhile I descrlbe the details of construction preferred by me, it is obvious that they may be varied without departing from the invention, which contemplates, broadly,such organization as shall render any other equivalent mechanism capable of operating substantially as the elements hereinbefore described.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of a main frame composed of a pole and a rigid crossbar, diskgangs, draft-connections between the main frame and disk-gangs, and adjusting-barsfor varying the angle of the gangs relatively to the cross-bar and connected with the gangs outside of the draft-connections.

2. The combination of a pole, a rigid crossbar, disk-gangs connected with the crossbar by draft-connections, an adj usting-lever on the pole, and connections between the lever and the disk-gangs at points outside of the connections between the gangs and the crossbar, for varying the angle of the disks relatively to the cross-bar.

3. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the frame composed of a pole and rigid cross-bar, the disk-gangs, the draft-connections between the disk-gangs and cross-bar, the adjusting-bars connected with the diskgangs outside of the draft-co1mections of the gangs, and connections between the frame and the adj listing-bars.

4. The combination of a pole, a rigid crossbar, two disk-gangs, the draft-bars between the disk-gangs and the cross-bar, and the adj usting-bars for varying the angle of the gangs connected with the gangs outside of the draftconnections, and arranged parallel with the draft-bars. v

5. The combination of a frame consisting of a pole and cross-bar, disk-gangs angularly adjustable independently of the frame, draftconnections between the frame and disk-gangs, and adjusting devices for varying the angle of the gangs, applied to the gangs outside of the draft-connections.

6. The combination of a pole, a cross-bar,

bifurcated braces connecting the pole and crossbar, disk-gangs and bifurcated draftbars which pivotally embrace the upper and arms which connect the cross-bar and diskgangs, and are adapted to permit the gangs to be horizontally adjusted on pivot-bolts connecting the draftarms to the gang or journalframe, and also adapted to permit the vibration of the ends of the gangs through the motion of the draft-arms on their pivot-bolts at the cross-bar.

9. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the frame, a disk-gang, a horizontal slotted boxing on the gang, and a draft-bar, f, in the slot, and another or under draft-bar attached to the under side of the boxing.

10. The combination of the frame, a diskgang, a horizontally-slotted boxing on the gang, and a bifurcated draft-bar consisting of bars f f which embrace the upper and lower sides of the boxing and frame.

11. The combination of a main frame, diskgangs hinged thereto, and a chain or other flexible connection connecting the gangs, and arranged above their inner ends, and adapted to act as a stop to prevent the inner ends of the gangs from risi n 12. The combination of a main frame, diskgangs hinged thereto, and a flexible connection without incasingboxing,arranged between the inner ends of the gangs.

13. The combination of the pole, a rigid cross-beam, vibratory disk-gangs, the draftconncctions between the cross-beam and diskgangs, and the connections between the pole or frame and the disk-gangs outside of the draft-connections, said latter outside connections being free to rise and fall with the vibrations of the gangs, and adapted to push and pull to adjust the angle of the gangs.

14:. The combination of a frame consisting of a pole, a rigid crossbar, disk-gangs, draftlinks between the cross-bar and disk-gangs, and the adjnsting-connections between the frame and dislvgangs, outside of the draftlinks, both the inner links and outer connections being adapted to follow the horizontal movement of the gangs in their adjustment.

15. The combination of the disk-gangs and mechanism (without a casing or box) adapted to cause the inner ends ofthe gangs to run toward a common center.

16. The combination of the main frame and disk-gangs with eyebolts or equivalent devices, which connect the inner ends of the gangs.

17. The combination of the hollow gangshafts, the eyebolts which interlock at the inner ends of the shafts and extend through the hollow gang-shafts, andsecuring devices on the ends of said bolts.

18. The combination of the hollow gangshafts, the interlocking securing-bolts which extend through the shafts, and the recessed buffers on the innercnds of the gang-shafts.

19. The combination of the main frame, disk-gangs, draft-connections embracing the top and bottom of the main frame and gang or journal frame, a vertical pivot at each end of said connections, from which the gangs derive both vertical vibration and horizontal adjustment, and mechanism for varying the angle of the gangs.

20. The combination of a main frame, angularly-adjustable disk-gangs, and mechanism without a boxing independent of the gangshafts, adapted to receive their end-thrust, and also to prevent their inner ends from slipping past each other.

21. The combination of a main frame, diskgangs mounted on hollow shafts, and devices entering the hollow of said shafts and adapted to maintain the inner ends of the gangs on snbstantiall y the same horizontal plane.

22. The combination of a main frame, disk gangs hinged thereto and mounted on recessed shafts, and devices entering the recess of said 9 shafts and adapted to prevent lateral movement of the gangs relatively to each other.

23. The combination of a main frame, diskgangs hinged thereto, a chain or other flexible connection arranged above the inner ends of the gangs, and abutting devices attached to each gang below the chain and adapted to act as a fulcrum against the tension of the chain, to prevent the inner ends of the gangs from risin 21. The combination of a pole, vibrating diskgangs which make contact at their inner ends, adjusting mechanism on the pole, and adjusting-bars which diverge from their eonncction on the pole to their connections on the gangs, and are free to vibrate vertically at their rear ends to allow the inner ends of the gangs to vibrate above or below a level position. a

In testimony whereof I have hereunto'snb scribed my name.

CHARLES LA DOW.

XVitnesscs:

WM. P. RUDD, B. LSTANTON.

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