US344985A - Nail-making machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 11 Sheets- Sheet 1 F. F. RAYMOND, 2d. 7 NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

N0.v 344,985. Patented July'6, 1886.

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NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

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NAIL MAKINGMAGHINE.

Patented July 6, 1886.

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NAIL MAKING MACHINE. No. 344,985. Patented July 6, 1886.

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(No Model.) 7 II Sh eetEh-Sheet 6.. F. F. RAYMOND, 2d.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

Patentedfluly 6, 1886. S

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WITNESSES 11 Sheets Sheet 7..

CHINE. Patented July 6,- 1886,

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NAIL MAKING MAGHINB.

No. 344,985. Patented July 6, 1886.

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11 Sheets-Sheet 10.

(No Model.) I v P. P. RAYMOND, 2d.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE. No. 344,985. Patented July 6, 1886.

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FREEBORN F. RAYMONRQD, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

NAIL-MAKING MACHINE.

Application filed lfl-hrnary 6. 1856.

G'IEICATIQN \1371'1' 1123 part of Letters Patent No. 344,985, dated July 6, 1886.

Serial No. 190,968. (No model.)

To (ZZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREEBORN F. RAYMOND, 2d, of Newton, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, a citizen of the United States, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Nail Making, Distributing, and Driving Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification in explaining its nature.

The invention is an improvementupon that described in my Patent No. 317,199, dated May 5, 1885, and'in the application of Towns and Raymond, filed November 27, 1885, Serial No. 184,0t8, and comprises devices for feeding and pointing wire,and for delivering the pointed blank to a blank or nail carrier, and for receiving the nail-blank from the wire feeding and pointing mechanism and conducting it to the heading devices, jaws, or clamps for holdingthe wire blank whileitisbeingheaded, and a reciprocating or movable bunteror plunger for heading the wire blank while itis held stationary in the jaws or clamping devices; a carrier for transferring headed nails from the heading devices to a position over a nail receiving and delivery block; a nail receiving and delivery block adapted or arranged to re ceive nails from the carrier and deliver them to a nail-distributor; a nail-d istributer adapted to receive nails from the nail receiving and delivery block and transfer them to a nail-earrier, which transfers or carries the nails to the nail-driving devices, and nail-drivingdevices.

It further relates to means for automatically locating or bringing into proper position the nail in the jaws or clamps regardless of its length.

It further relates to the arrangement, in an organized machine,of devices for makingheaded nails and for driving them, adapted to act conjointly and automatically; also, to devices for making headed nails, distributing, and driving them, adapted to act conjointly and automatically.

'It further relates to various details of construction, all of which will be hereinafter described.

The nail-feeding and nail-1;)ointing devices are similar to those described in the said applieation of Towns and Raymond.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a view in rear elevation of a portion of the ma chine described in the said Towns and Raymond application containing my improvement. Fig. 2 is a vertical section upon the line 00 x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section upon the line 1; o of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section upon the line 3 y of Fig. 1 and a plan of the machine below said line. Fig. 5 is a. horizontal section upon the line 2 z of Fig. l and a plan view of the mechanism below said line. Fig. 6 is a viewin vertical sec tion showing the relation of the nail-heading devices to the nail distributing and driving devices. Fig. 7 is a vertical section upon the line 10 w of Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 8 is a section of the central and lower part of the machine, enlarged, to represent the operations of the heading mechanism, the parts having the position which they occupy immediately upon the feeding of the nail-blank by the carrier to the position under the header and before the nail-blank has been moved to bring its headforming section in proper relation to theheadforming recesses of the die or jaws. represents the same parts as shown in Fig. 8 at the conclusion of the movement of the nail-lifting device to bring its head-forming end in proper relation to the head-forming dies. Fig. 10 represents the same parts, the jaws or clamps being closed to hold the nail-blank during the operation of headin Fig. 11 represents the same parts as in Fig. 8 at the conclusion of the heading operation and before the j aws or clamps have been moved to release the headed nail. Fig. 12 represents the parts shown in Fig. 8 after the completion of the operation of the heading devices and upon the opening of the clamp or die. Figs. 13 and 14 are vertical sections on the line T T of Fig. 1, to illustrate the operation of the devices for stripping or moving the headed nail from the jaws or clamp. Figs. 15, 1.6, and 17 are views in section upon the line 8 s of Fi 1, to illustrate the operation of the automatic stop for stopping or limiting the movement of the nail-blank carrying or transferring disk after it has been moved by its feeding devices, and for holding it locked in such position.

Fig. 9

Fig. 18 is a vertical section of the transferringdisk, showing the use of swaging-dies for forming the points of the nails. Fig. 19 is a view of the nail-blank before heading, and Fig. 20 is a view in elevation of the complete headed nail.

A isthe nozzle of the Towns and Raymond nail making and distributing machine. It has a throat or passage, a, through which nails or nail-blanks are delivered one by one. Instead, however, of delivering them directly to the nail receiving and delivery block, as described in said Towns and Raymond applica tion, the nails or nail-blanks are delivered one by one toa carrier block or disk, B, which has a number of nail or nail-blank receiving and clamping devices adapted to be brought successively beneath the nozzle A, to receive nails or nailblanks therefrom, and to carry them in snccessionto the heading mechanism, and from there to a position from which they are discharged. The disk B is represented as provided with four nail receiving and holding devices. Each device comprises the die-block b, fitted to a vertical recess in the disk B, and having the shoulders I) for locking the same in place, the movable die block D which also fits a recess in the carrier-disk, and has the screw-rods If, which extend through holes formed in the die-block 7) into holes in the disk B, and serve to fasten it thereto in a manner to permit the horizontal movement of the block b toward the block I) and in opposition to the springs b, which act to move the diebloek b from the die-block b,-as hereinafter indicated. Zach of the dieblocks I) b has a cavity, b enlarged or extended outwardly at b as represented in Fig. 3, which forms the nail-holding recess I), and the recess or enlargement in which the head of the nail-blank is upset. Beneath the disk B is an imperferate block or table, I)", which prevents the nail from leaving the dies while the disk is being revolved and until it reaches posit-ion over the hole It, through which the nail is discharged, The disk is intermittingly revolved by means of the shaft 0, ratchet-wheel c, sector-lever c, pivoted at 0 carrying the pawl e, and having teeth a, formed upon its outer edge, the sector 0 pivoted at c, the lever 0 pivoted at c operated by the cam c" and main shaft A. As there are four nail receiving and holding devices to bring each one successively under thenozzle A, a quarter revolution of the disk is necessary. The nail receiving and holding dies or blocks having received a nail or nail blank from the nozzle, the disk, is advanced to the heading device to bring the nail or nail-blank under the header. After a nail or nail-blank has been moved to this position it is lifted in its holding-recess b, so that its head-forming end shall occupy a proper position. in relation to the die or head-forming cavity 1). This is accomplished by means of thelifting-rod D and the header E, the header being moved down by its operating mechanism to a point immediately over the die, so that it acts as a stop while the lifting-rod D moves the nail upward until its upper end comes in contact with the under surface of the header, when the movable jaw I) of the nail receiving and holding device is moved forcibly inward against the stationary jaw I), and held locked 'by the lever F. The lifting-rod D is operated by means of a cam, d, on the main shaft, the hell-crank lever d, the rod d", the arm (1 carried thereby, which supports the lifting rod or spindle d, to which the lifting-rod D is attached. The lifting-rod D has a yielding connection with the support (1, so that it may bring into position nails or nail-blanks of any length; but to lift nails of any length it is necessary that the lifting-rod D shall have a snfiicient movement to lift the shortest nail or nail-blank into proper position; consequently when longer nails or nail-blanks are lifted there must be lost motion between the lifting-rod D and its support This is provided for by allowing the rod d to move in a hole in the bar d in opposition to the spring d after the nail or nailblank has been moved to place. The lever]? is operated by the toggle f, the link f, the slidebloek f, and cam f. The header E is held by a suitable slide, 0, which is reciprocated in the ways a by the combined toggle a c, the link a, the slide-block e, and the cam e on the main shaft A. The cam is timed so as to depress or move the header E to a position immediately over the die cavity or recess while the lifting-rod I) is being operated, so that the nail or nail-blank may be located thereby, but immediately after the lever F has operated to clamp the nail or nailblank in place it is lifted and immediately moved forcibly downward to head the nail or nail-blankin the cavity If. YVhilc the header is operating to head a nail or nail-blank, the second nail or nail-blank receiving and holding recess in order is receiving a nail from the nozzle ofthe nail-making machine; and upon another quarter-revolution of the disk B the headed nail is moved to a position to be discharged, the second nail to the heading devices, and the third nail receiving and holding recess under the nozzle. Immediately upon the outward movement of the lcverF the dies 1) b" are separated by the die I) being forced outward by the spring-pressure. This leaves the headed nail therein free to leave its holding-recess as soon as the recess is brought in line with a hole, B, through which it can pass to the receiving and delivery block. I. have arranged to reciprocate in each nail holding and receiving recess and the hole R the rod g, which is operated by the lever g, pivoted at 9 and reciprocated by the rod (1 and spring 9, to strip the dies of the nails and force them through the passage Rinto the nail receiving and delivery block. The disk B is locked automatically at the end of each quarterrevolution by means of the spring-pin M, arranged to enter in succession the holes m in the said disk, and which is moved downward by a spring, m, and lifted by the cam m on the main shaft A, and the bent le.

ver m". r

The machine described in said Towns and Raymond patent application is adapted to make nails with a V-shaped point, and with this additional heading mechanism the nail is con1pletedthat is, it will have a V-shaped point, a shank of uniform size, and an upset head.

I would state that the heading mechanism described may be used in connection with any mechanism for delivering wire nail-blanks in succession thereto, and that it may also be used in connection with any other nail distributing and driving devices. I would also say that I do not confine myselfto the especial form of construction of the die-blocks, or to the especial arrangement or construction of the devices for operating the various parts herein specified.

The receiving and delivery block H, herein referred to and shown in the drawings, is like that described in said Towns and Raymond application. It is provided with an intermittent forward fceding movement and a continuous backward movement, as therein described, to receive the nails from the carrier B, and deliver them to the distributer H. This distributer is shown in Fig.6, and it comprises a block, 71., having the holes h, arranged to correspond with theholes of the nail-receiving and delivery block II, which are connected by means of the tubes h with the nail-holder h. This nail-holder has nail receiving and holding holes h, which are arranged in the order in which. it is desired the nails shall be driven, and the tubes h" arebent to connect the holes h therewith. The holes in the plate h are represented as closed by the sliding plate h, which is adapted to be moved to open the holes by the pin h 011 the nail-carrier h, and to be closed by a spring. The nail-carrier 7L7 has holes corresponding in number and arrangement with the holes in the block h", and a sliding hole'eovering plate, 7L3. It is automatically moved from the block h" to the templet h by means of a cam and lever, (not shown,) (see Raymond Patent No. 290,109,) and a plate, h, is automatically moved to open and close the holes of the nail-carrier, as described in Patent No. 316,894. The templet has holes h, corresponding in number and arrangement with the holes of the nail-carrier, and it may or may not be moved into and out of position over the work. In Fig. 6 it-is represented in position over the heel.

H is the cross-head of themachine. It supports or carries the revolving head H, which is automatically .revolved by devices similar to those described in the Henderson and Raymond Patent No. 317,647, or in any other desired way. It preferably carries a gang or group of awls and a gang or group of drivers and a top lift spanker, although it may support the awls and drivers only, or drivers alone, in which case, of course, the head H would not be revolved. The cross-head H is of nail distributing and carrying and driving devices, as I may use in connection with the nail making and heading devices any equivalent mechanism for receiving the headed nails automatically and transferring them either singly or in groups to the nail-driving devices.

\Vhile I-have represented in the drawings the wire feeding and pointing devices of the said Towns and Raymond application, I would state that I may use in lieu thereof any of the well-known wire feeding and severing or wire feeding, severing, and pointing devices, or any equivalent mechanism for feeding the wire automatically and severing it into lengths, and for delivering the severed lengths'iu successive order to the nail or nail-blank carrying disk or transferrer.

I would state that the die-blocks I) b maybe swaging-diesthat is, they may be formed as represented in Fig. 18, to swage or shape the end of the nail and provide it with a point and when this form of die is used the pointcutting or forming devices of. the said Raymond and Towns application may be dispensed with, if desired.

In operation the wire is fed from'a reel by a feeding mechanism automatically to the devices for severing it into lengths and for pointing it, and these severed lengths or blanks are automatically delivered to an intcrmittinglyrevolving disk carrying a series of clamping or holding jaws, which are automatically opened and held open and brought successively in their open condition below thetpassage or nozzle through which the severed blanks are IOC delivered to receive them one by one and transfer them to other devices, which operate to locate the blank in the jaws or dies, so as to bring their head-forming sections in proper relation to the head-forming portion of the dies, to then close the dies together to hold the nail-blank clamped during the operation ofthe heading mechanism, and to then head the nail. The carrier is then further operated to transfereach headed nail from the heading mechanism to aposition over the nail receiving and delivery block, the dies automatically opening after the heading de vices have completed their operations to permit the nail to move downward or be moved downward by a reciprocating stripping device into the hole in the nail receiving and delivery block. This nail receiving and delivery block is arranged to automatically receive the nails thus delivered, and to convey them to a distributer, which automatically arranges them in a form for driving, and delivers them to a nail-carrier, which automatically receives them and carries them to the nail-driving devices, to which it automatically delivers them, and by which they are automatically driven. In other words, the entire operation of the machine, from the time blank delivery-passage, the nail-blank-heading devices, and the nail receiving and delivcry block that the operations of feeding a nail to one set of dies, of heading a nail-blank in asecond set of dies, and of delivering aheaded nail from a third set of dies to the nail receiving and delivery block or to an escape-passage, R, are simultaneously proceeding.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States- 1. The combination, in a nailing-machine, with mechanism for delivering wire blanks in successive order to a heading mechanism, of said heading mechanism, comprising the rotary disk B, having the nail receiving and holding jaws b I), he reciprocating header E, and the lever F, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a nailing-machine, of devices for feeding nails or nail-blanks in succession to a carrier, a carrier for transferring said nails or nail-blanks to heading devices, and a distributor, the heading devices, and a distributer for receiving the nails after they are headed, and for distributing them in arrangement for driving, all substantially as described.

3. The combination of a nozzle, A, having a throat or passage, through which nail-blanks are fed in succession to a nail holder or carrier, said nail holder or carrier consisting of two clamping-jaws adapted to be moved to transfer the nail from the nozzle or passage to the heading mechanism, and said heading mechanism comprisinga header, E, and means for operating it, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in a nailing-machine, of the nozzle A, having the passage a, the disk B, having two or more clamping-jaws, b N, a reciprocating header, E, and the lever F, all substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a nailing-machine, of the nozzle A, having the passage a, the disk B, having two or more clamping-jaws, Z) Z), one of which is movable in relation to the other, and means for moving the movablejaw against the stationary jaw and locking it in place, and for returning it to its original position upon the release of the holding and locking device, all substantially as described.

6. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage (1, the revolving disk B, having a series of clamping-jaws, I) b, one of which is movable in relation to the other and adapted to be brought successivelybeneath the header E and in front of the lever-jaw F, all substantially as described.

7. The combination, in a nailing-machine, of the nozzle A, having the passage a, the revolving disk B, having a series of clampingdies, 1) b", one of which is movable in relation to the other, the lever-jaw F, the header E, and the spring or springs b, all substantially as described.

8. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage (1, the revolving disk B, carrying the nail-blank-clamping devieesb b", and

I the nail-lifting device I), all substantially as described.

9. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage u, the revolving disk B, supporting two or more nailblank clampingjaws, I) b, the header E, and the reciprocating nail-positioning rod D, all substantially as de scribed.

10. In a nailing machine, in combination with nail holding or clamping devices, the movable rod D and the reciprocating header E, substantially as described.

11. The eombinatio'n, in a nailing machine, of the nail holding or clamping dies, the movable rod 1), means for moving it vertically, and for providing it with a yielding movement in relation thereto, all substair tiall y as described.

12. The combination of the rod D, a cam for operating the same, and intermediate connecting mechanism, substantially as specified.

13. The combination of the dies 1) I), having the nailheading recess 1), with the header E, the sliding block 0, and the compound toggle e c, sliding block 0', and cam a, sub stantially as described.

14. The combination of the die-block b, the movable die block I)", the lever F, pivoted as described, the togglef, the slide-block and the cam substantiall as described. 7 7 y 15. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage a, the revolving disk B, supporting two or more nail-blank receiving and holding devices comprising the blocks b b", one of which is movable in relation to the other, the reciprocating header E, the lever F, and the reciprocating naitstripping rod g, all substantially as described.

' 16. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage (1, the revolving disk B, supporting two or more nail receiving and clamping blocks b If, the header E, and the stop or locking device for locking the disk upon the completion of the feed movement, all substantially as described.

17. The combination of the disk B, theholes m, thelocking-pin M, its operating-spring m, and a lifting-cam, d, and connecting devices, all substantially as described.

18. The combination of the cam (Z, the lifting-rod D, a stripping-rod, g, the leverg', and the lever d, all substantially as described.

19. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage a, the disk B, having two or more nail-blank receiving and clamping de- IIO IIS

vices, the shaft 0, the ratchet-wheel c, the sector 0, having the pawl 0 the sector 0", the lever 0 and the cam c", all substantially as described.

20. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage a, revolving disk B, carrying two or more nail receiving and clamping jaws, b b, one of which is movable in relation to the other, the jaw-operating dies F, the reciproeating header E, the block b having the hole R and the nail receiving and delivery block H, all substantially as described.

21. The combination of devices for automatically feeding nail-blanks to a nail-heading mechanism and for heading the blanks with devices for distributing and arranging them in groups or gangs, substantially as described.

FREEBORN F. RAYMOND, 2D.

Witnesses:

M. 1?. RAYMOND, FRED. B. DOLAN.

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