Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
  • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
  • D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
  • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/47—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table; Vanadates; Niobates; Tantalates; Arsenates; Antimonates; Bismuthates

Definitions

• a process for producing voluminous nonwoven fleeces which comprises forming a voluminous-nonwoven batt of fibers, at least some of which have been waterproofed prior to batt formation, and thereafter impregnating the voluminous batt with an aqueous dispersion of binder.
• the waterproofing of the fibers provides the batt with a voluminous nature following impregnation with the binder dispersion.
• This invention relates to the production of non-woven fabrics. It more particularly refers to the production of voluminous, relatively low bulk density, non-woven batts. It is, of course, well known to produce non-woven fabrics. This is generally accomplished by randomly disposing staple fibers or continuous filament or even yarns onto a suitable surface and applying a binder to the fibers, such that the product fabric will have at least some degree of dimensional stability. It is known to subject the fibrous batt, prior to impregnation with binder, to a needling process, should such be desired to improve the resistance of the batt to planar delamination.
• batts of non-woven fabric having a relatively low bulk density. These materials are particularly well suited for use as air filters or sound absorbing applications.
• non-Woven fibrous batts have been made with various degrees of interstitial space, such that the bulk density of the batt can be significantly varied.
• Binding agents have been applied by impregnation with aqueous dispersions thereof. It has been the experience of the art that impregnation with aqueous binding agents results in a significant reduction in the thickness of the batt, since the water causes the inter tangled fiber structure to collapse to a greater or lesser degree.
• the production of such thin sheets of material by impregnation of voluminous non-woven batts with aqueous dispersions of binding agents is shown in U.S. Patents 2,719,802, 2,719,803 and 2,719,806.
• organic dispersants as opposed to aqueous dispersants, leads to difficulties in processing as well as increases the expense of producing non-woven fibrous batts.
• organic materials suitable for use as dispersants should nited States Patent O 3,450,809 Patented June 17, 1969 be recovered after impregnation, cleaned and recycled for further use in the impregnation system.
• This additional processing generally entails additional capital expenditures for the equipment in which the process is carried out, as well as entails the use of chemical processing technology in the purification steps, which were not necessary in the case of aqueous dispersants. This, of course, adds to the difficulties encountered in carrying out the process.
• many organic dispersants or solvents are flammable materials and therefore the mere handling of these materials in a fiber processing plant presents hazardous conditions, which the art would like to avoid, if at all possible.
• this invention resides, in one of its broad aspects, in the impregnation of voluminous, non-woven, fibrous batts with an aqueous dispersion of a suitable binder under such conditions that the water present will not cause the nonwoven fibrous structure to collapse and thereby increase in bulk density.
• the fibers constituting the non-woven batt are subjected to a waterproofing treatment prior to the impregnation step referred to above.
• Fibers which are useful in this invention can be selected from any of the commercially available natural or synthetic materials, for example, cellulosics, wools, and linens. In particular, it is preferred to utilize cellulosic fibers and blends of cellulosics and other fibers.
• the waterproofing agent is suitably applied directly to the fibers prior to the production of the non-woven batt.
• Any of the commercially available waterproofing agents such as, for example, a mixture of a parafiin emulsion and aluminum-triformate, or a partially etherified melamine-formaldehyde resin, in which a part of the ether groups is substituted by fatty acids, are suitable for use in this invention.
• These products are available under the trade names Contraqua-Supra or Phobotex FT respectively.
• EXAMPLE I Cellulose-wool (22 denier, mm.) are soaked with a mixture comprising 10 parts of a mixture of a paratfin emulsion and aluminum triformate, parts water, spindried to a moisture content (Water content as percent of dry weight) of percent and dried at a temperature of C.
• a fleece of 200 grams per square meter is carded from fibers first treated in this manner and then sprayed on both sides with a mixture comprising 100 parts of a crosslinkable, 50 percent acrylate resin dispersion, 2 parts ammonium oxalate; and 400 parts water; resulting in a mat with a final weight of 280 grams.
• the product obtained in this manner has a thickness of about 20 mm.
• EXAMPLE II The same fibers as set forth in Example I are soaked in 6 percent waterproofing mixture of a partialy etherified melamine-formaldehyde resin, in which part of the ether groups is substituted by fatty acids, spin-dried to 100 percent moisture content and dried at 105 C.
• the spraying mixture comprises a 20 percent dispersion of a chlorine-containing, film-forming compound, wherein 20 percent (calculated on the solids content of the spray mixture) antimony trioxide is added.
• EXAMPLE III A fiber mixture comprising 70 parts of the cellulosewool prepared according to Example II; and 30 parts of a polyvinyl chloride fiber is carded to a fleece of 150 grams per square meter and sprayed on both sides with a 20 percent mixture of a cross-linkable acrylate resin dispersion to which has been added 20 percent antimony trioxide and 1 percent ammonium oxalate; (percentages calculated on the solids content); giving an end product with a weight of 210 grams. This mat is marked, besides by its volume, by its being diificult to set afire.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=7100650

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (2)

• 1965
  • 1965-04-07 DE DE1469364A patent/DE1469364C3/de not_active Expired
  • 1965-04-08 CH CH496365A patent/CH471271A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1966
  • 1966-04-01 US US539323A patent/US3450809A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1966-04-05 GB GB15129/66A patent/GB1141162A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (2)

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