US3477048A - Solenoids - Google Patents

Solenoids Download PDF

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Publication number
US3477048A
US3477048A US716934A US3477048DA US3477048A US 3477048 A US3477048 A US 3477048A US 716934 A US716934 A US 716934A US 3477048D A US3477048D A US 3477048DA US 3477048 A US3477048 A US 3477048A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
armature
spring
casing
solenoid
pull
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US716934A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Anthony Knowles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF International UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Lucas Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucas Industries Ltd filed Critical Lucas Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3477048A publication Critical patent/US3477048A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/16—Inhibiting  or initiating  shift during unfavourable conditions , e.g. preventing forward-reverse shift at high vehicle speed, preventing engine overspeed  
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding

Definitions

  • a solenoid of the kind comprising a casing, an armature axially movable within the casing, and pull in and hold in windings within the casing, the armature is in two parts.
  • the first inner part of the armature is urged outwardly of the casing by a first spring
  • the second outer part of the armature is co-axial with the first part, and is urged inwardly of the casing by a second spring.
  • the first spring is stronger than the second spring, and the arrangement is such that when the windings are not energised the first part engages the second part under the action of the first spring. and the second part is thereby moved outwardly against the action of the second spring.
  • This invention relates to solenoids of the kind comprising a casing, an armature axially movable within the easing, and pull in and hold in windings within the casing.
  • the armature in two parts, a first, inner part which is urged outwardly of the casing by a first spring and a second, outer part coaxial with the first part and urged inwardly of the casing by a second spring, said first spring being stronger than said second spring and the arrangement being such that when said windings are not energised said first part engages said second part under the action of said first spring, and said second part is moved outwardly against the action of said second spring.
  • FIGURE 1 is a sectional view of a solenoid according to one example of the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of a modification of the solenoid shown in FIGURE 1.
  • the solenoid includes a hollow cylindrical casing 11, one end of which is closed by an end core 12 having secured thereto the body of a normally closed switch 13. Slidable axially within the casing 11 is a steel first part 14 of an armature which is urged outwardly of the casing 11 by a first spring 16 acting between the part 14 of the armature and the closed end of the casing. Housed within the casing 11 is a pair of coils 18 constituting respectively the hold in and pull in windings of the solenoid, the pull in winding being connected in use to a DC. supply through the switch 13.
  • the casing 11 At its end remote from the switch 13 the casing 11 includes a bearing block 19 formed from non-magnetic material, having extending therethrough a stepped bore 21. Slidable axially in the bore 21 of the bearing block 19 is a steel second part 15 of the armature, coaxial with the part 14 of the armature.
  • the part 15 of the armature projects from the bearing block 19 at its end remote from the main part of the casing 11 and is urged towards the part 14 of the armature by a second spring 17 acting between the annular shoulder 22 of the stepped bore 21 in the bearing block 19 and a flange 23 on the part 15 of the armature.
  • the spring 16 is stronger than the spring 17 so that when the windings 18 are not energised the spring 16 urges the part 14 of the armature outwardly into abutment with the part 15 of the armature which is moved against the action of the spring 17.
  • the part 14 of the armature When the part 14 of the armature has moved a predetermined distance towards the switch 13 closing said one end of the casing 11, the part 14 of the armature engages a plunger 24 associated with the switch 13 and further movement of the part 14 of the armature towards the switch 13 opens the switch 13 to de-energise the pull in winding, the part 14 of the armature being maintained in its inner position by the hold in winding which remains energised.
  • the solenoid is used to control a latch mechanism associated with a road vehicle gearbox.
  • the hold in and pull in windings 18 of the solenoid are energised through a switch which is sensitive to engine speed and which is closed only when the engine speed is below a predetermined level and the part 15 of the armature constitutes a latch mechanism in the gearbox of the vehicle which is operable to prevent the selection of a lower gear.
  • the speed sensitive switch When the vehicle is being driven with its engine operating above said predetermined speed the speed sensitive switch is open and the armature 14, 15 is in its outer position so that the latch mechanism in the gearbox is locked so preventing the driver of the vehicle selecting a lower gear. However, when the engine falls to a speed below the predetermined speed the speed sensitive switch will close and the hold in and pull in windings 18 will be energised and the armature 14, 15 will be moved to its inner position to free gearbox to allow the selection of a lower gear.
  • the part 15 will be subject to pressure and will become trapped against subsequent inward movement.
  • the speed sensitive switch closes the pull in and hole in windings 18 will be energised and the part 14 of the armature will be moved inwardly and will open the switch 13 to de-energise the pull in winding.
  • the part 15 of the armature will not move inwardly under the action of the spring 17 to free the gearbox until the pressure on the gear selector lever is released.
  • the bearing block 19 is formed from non-magnetic material in order to reduce the magnetic attraction between the parts 14, 15 of the armature in use.
  • a non-magnetic spacer 25 is secured to either the part 14 or the part 15 of the armature, and serves to maintain a predetermined air gap between the parts 14, 15, again to reduce the magnetic attraction between the two parts.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
US716934A 1967-04-14 1968-03-28 Solenoids Expired - Lifetime US3477048A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB07188/67A GB1214299A (en) 1967-04-14 1967-04-14 Solenoid operated devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3477048A true US3477048A (en) 1969-11-04

Family

ID=10090805

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US716934A Expired - Lifetime US3477048A (en) 1967-04-14 1968-03-28 Solenoids

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3477048A (fr)
DE (1) DE1764167A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES355156A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR1567331A (fr)
GB (1) GB1214299A (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3214710C2 (de) * 1982-04-21 1989-09-21 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag, 7990 Friedrichshafen Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines elektrischen Ausgangssignales in einem Fahrzeug
DE102015121707A1 (de) 2015-12-14 2017-06-14 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung sowie Stellsystem

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2935663A (en) * 1958-04-04 1960-05-03 Manfred J Pollak Magnetic actuators
US3158144A (en) * 1964-11-24 Walker

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3158144A (en) * 1964-11-24 Walker
US2935663A (en) * 1958-04-04 1960-05-03 Manfred J Pollak Magnetic actuators

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES355156A1 (es) 1969-11-16
FR1567331A (fr) 1969-05-16
GB1214299A (en) 1970-12-02
DE1764167A1 (de) 1971-04-29

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