US3493240A - Laminated fiber glass ski and process for making the same - Google Patents

Laminated fiber glass ski and process for making the same Download PDF

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US3493240A
US3493240A US643926A US3493240DA US3493240A US 3493240 A US3493240 A US 3493240A US 643926 A US643926 A US 643926A US 3493240D A US3493240D A US 3493240DA US 3493240 A US3493240 A US 3493240A
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ski
sheets
fiber glass
pressure
mold
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Herbert R Jenks
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D24/00—Producing articles with hollow walls
    • B29D24/002—Producing articles with hollow walls formed with structures, e.g. cores placed between two plates or sheets, e.g. partially filled
    • B29D24/008—Producing articles with hollow walls formed with structures, e.g. cores placed between two plates or sheets, e.g. partially filled the structure having hollow ridges, ribs or cores
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
    • A63C5/12—Making thereof; Selection of particular materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
    • B29C70/086—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers and with one or more layers of pure plastics material, e.g. foam layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • B29C70/446—Moulding structures having an axis of symmetry or at least one channel, e.g. tubular structures, frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/10—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non-rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts or dies
    • B29C43/12—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non-rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts or dies using bags surrounding the moulding material or using membranes contacting the moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/20—Inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/52—Sports equipment ; Games; Articles for amusement; Toys
    • B29L2031/5263—Skis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S273/00—Amusement devices: games
    • Y10S273/07—Glass fiber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a fiber glass ski and to the method of making the same. More specifically, this invention relates to an improved fiber glass ski having enhanced strength and flexibility characteristics as well as a pronounced ability to maintain its initial shape and flexibility after prolonged use. The present invention also relates to a new method of producing skis by applying both internal and external pressure during the heat curing period.
  • a good snow ski combines a rather delicate balance between rigidity and flexibility, while maintaining other important facts such as weight, camber and shape.
  • the ski In order to distribute the skiers weight as uniformly as possible throughout the running surface of the ski, the ski is provided with a camber which is a slight bow running from the tip to the heel, and that combined with the rigidity of the ski acts to distribute some of the skiers weight outwardly towards the tips and heels.
  • the amount of camber and the associated rigidity of the ski should be such that the shape of the two skis will be uniform and so that when the skiers weight is applied to the ski, the ski will flatten out and place a maximum amount of running surface on the snow.
  • a ski must also be sufliciently rigid to oppose a twisting torque so that when the skier is turning, the edges of the skis will retain their bite in the snow rather than flattening out, but of course some torsional action is desirable to assure that the ski will track properly.
  • a ski must be sufficiently flexible so that it can follow irregularities in the surface of the snow without plowing through them which would slow the speed of the ski and perhaps cause it to dig in. It should also be flexible in order to permit the skier to execute a turn, since flexibility is required to permit the ski to bend slightly during a turn. If a ski is too flexible however, it will not perform adequately on hard packed snow or ice because the skiers weight will not be adequately distributed throughout the running surface and the tips and heels of the ski will not be of any assistance.
  • the tips of very flexible skis are sometimes known to jump or chatter while skiing over hard packed snow and this is an indication not only that the tips are not providing an effective running surface, but that little assistance will be obtained from that portion of the ski when the skier executes a turn since the edges will not dig into the snow but will continue jumping or chattering as they run.
  • a ski which is too flexible is not easily controllable on hard packed snow conditions.
  • a ski which is too rigid will not perform adequately on soft snow conditions since the downward thrust of the tip will cause the tip 3,493,240 Patented Feb. 3, 1970 to dig into the snow and the downward thrust of the heels will make turning diflicult.
  • skis were attempted using metal or various combinations of wood, metal and plastic laminated together in order to obtain the aforementioned flexibility characteristics.
  • the wood employed was more for the purpose of providing dimension and body to the ski rather than flexibility and the strength and flexibility was provided either by the metal strips or the fiber glass sheets.
  • some all-plastic skis have been attempted but they have not proven satisfactory because of their weight or lack of flexibility or their difficulty in manufacture.
  • skis tend to be somewhat on the heavy side and in addition, should there be a break in the fiber glass skin permitting the entry of moisture into the wood, the ski will rapidly lose its flexibility. In such skis, the shear stresses are transferred through the wood fibers which break down gradually in use and the wood softens quickly when wet further deteriorating the fibers so that their ability to transfer the stress is soon lost.
  • both the top and bottom skins are provided with continuous metal strips which actually take a portion of the load of the flexing encountered by the ski in use and are the first to fail after prolonged usage.
  • the cementing of the layers does not provide a sufficiently integral structure so that internal stresses are at once set up which will unalterably influence the characteristics of the ski thereafter.
  • the present invention provides a solution to the various problems mentioned above by providing a ski of laminated fiber glass which includes no metal or wooden laminates but relies entirely upon the strength and elasticity of the fiber glass, and a unique method by which such a ski is formed to impart the desired strength and flexibility to the ski.
  • the present invention provides an improved method for making such skis on a production basis.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side elevation of a ski inside the mold showing the upper and lower platens thereon but with the side rails removed;
  • FIGURE 2 is a plan view partly in section and somewhat foreshortened, showing some of the details of construction and molding of the ski;
  • FIGURE 3 is a sectional view of the ski inside the mold showing the cross-sectional configuration of the ski after cure but prior to removal of the interior molding means therefrom;
  • FIGURE 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the various laminates used and their relative and associated positions.
  • FIGURE 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the details of lamination and construction of the tip of the ski.
  • the various portions of the mold include a bottom platen 12 and an upper platen 14 of a length to extend to substantially the entire length of the ski.
  • the lower platen 12 is bowed upwardly in the center at 13 an amount sufficient to impart to the molded ski the desired amount of camber.
  • t e p en 1,2 slopes upwardly at 16 to provide a slightly upwardly lifted heel.
  • the tip of the ski is curved in a conventional manner and the lower platen 12 is curved upwardly at 18 for that purpose.
  • the top platen 14 likewise has a heel portion which slopes upwardly at 20 and also has a curved tip portion 22.
  • the platen 14 Consists of a top plate 24 and an integral lower boss portion 26 designed to fit within the side rails 28.
  • the remaining portions of the mold 10 are shown comprising four side rails 28 which are secured to the lower platen 12 by means of screws 29 or other similar means.
  • the side rails 28 are of a length sufficient to extend for that portion of the ski wherein the sides are straight and parallel.
  • the heel and the tip of the ski begin to curve inwardly as the ends are approached.
  • separable heel side plates 30 are secured to the platen 12 by a plurality of screws 31.
  • the heel side plates 30 each form one-half of the side of the heel and are separated along the longitudinal center line of the mold 10 at 32 so that after the ski has been molded, these portions can easily be broken away and the ski removed therefrom without damaging the molded ski.
  • sidepieces 34 are secured to the platen 12 by the screws 35 and are also separated at 36 at the extreme tip of the ski so that they can be separated for removal of the molded ski.
  • a perspective view of this portion of the mold can be seen to better advantage in FIGURE 5.
  • the mounting blocks 38 On each side of the mold, near the center, two pressure bag mounting blocks 38 are mounted aligned with the side rails 28.
  • the mounting blocks 38 have a plurality of elongated pressure bags 40 secured therein which are adapted through the construction and configuration of the mounting blocks 38 to extend at an angle into the interior of the mold and curve around so that they are positioned longitudinally in the mold 10 parallel to the side rails 28..
  • the drawing shows two sets of four pressure bags each, however, the present invention is not intended to be limited to such a number since the number may vary depending upon the ratio between the height and the Width of the structure being laminated and therefore the number of hollow cells desired.
  • the pressure bags 40 extend into a terminating block 42 which has a plurality of extensions 44 extending therefrom which are in turn received in a manifold 46.
  • the manifold 46 has an intake 48 which is adapted to be connected to a pressure source such as steam or air as will be more fully described in connection with the details and steps of the manufacturing process.
  • the pressure bags 40 and therefore the mounting blocks 38 are situated so that the bags 40 enter the interior of the mold 10 at a point near the middle portion of the ski since this is the portion of the ski which is thickest and therefore permits the addition of extra reinforcing material at this point to eliminate any structural weakness which might accrue from the nonalignment of the structural cells at this point.
  • the center portion of the ski which is normally the position at which the ski is secured to the skiers foot, requires the least amount of flexibility and therefore undergoes the least amount of stress in that regard.
  • the lower platen 12 is provided with a rounded longitudinal rib 50 which extends substantially the entire length thereof and forms the rounded groove along the bottom of the molded ski which is a customary feature of skis and enhances their tracking abilities.
  • ribs could be provided to form other configurations of grooves if desired.
  • Slots 52 are formed along the lower inside corners of the side rails 28 and are adapted to accommodate the metal edges 56 and to hold them in place during the ensuing assembly and curing procedures.
  • the first layer of material laced in the mold 10 is a sheet of plastic material 54 of a type having a very low porosity and a very low coefiicient of friction such as a high molecular weight polypropylene.
  • a suitable material of this type is currently being sold under the trade names Cytex or P-Tex. Such materials have frequently been used by other ski manufacturers and have been found to be satisfactory for this purpose.
  • the sheet 54 forms the running surface and this sheet is cut to the general outline of the ski shown in FIGURE 2. After the running surface 54 is in place, then the metal edges 56 are inserted into the slots 52.
  • edges 56 consist of hardened steel sections a few inches in length having an L-cut shaped cross-section whereby the long portion of the L overlaps the edge of the running surface sheet 54 and the thick part of the L forms the outwardly extending portion of the edge.
  • the short segments of edges 56 are placed end-to-end substantially the entire length of the ski and a short distance into the tip before excessive curvature is encountered. Short segments permit the ski to flex freely as determined by the flexibility of the fiber glass materials and will not materially change the flexibility characteristics.
  • the segments should not be greater than about six inches, and preferably are about one to three inches long. Segments of differing lengths may also be used to advantage. The short strips are more costly and take more time during assembly but the longer strips tend to make the ski more rigid. To balance these factors, shorter segments may be used near the tip and heels if greater flexibility is desired.
  • the next laminate is a sheet 58 which has :been previously folded into a channel so that the bottom is substantially the width of the ski and the sidewalls follow the tapering contour of the side walls of the ski as shown in FIGURE 1.
  • the sheet 58 is a woven fiber-glass material in which the fibers are bi-directionally oriented, which means there are approximately an equal number of fibers oriented in the direction which runs longitudinally to the ski as Well as laterally.
  • the material of laminate 58 is previously impregnated with an uncured resin and is a dry condition.
  • the next laminate is a plurality of flat sheets 60 which are also cut to the outline of the ski shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the sheets 60 are a fiber-glass material in which the fibers are uni-directionally oriented in the longitudinal direction.
  • the fibers of the sheets 60 are just held together by occasionally spaced lateral fibers sufiicient to keep these sheets together.
  • the sheets 60 are also previously impregnated with a dry, uncured resin.
  • the number of the sheets 60 may be varied according to the amount of flexibility desired for the ski.
  • the drawing, FIGURE 4, shows four (4) such sheets but the invention is not contemplated as being so limited. If some variations in flexibility are desired, such as providing a slightly less flexible heel portion than that for the tip portion, extra sheets 60 may be added at various points; or the sheets may be staggered in length to give a uniform taper out toward the tip or heel while having uniformly varying flexibility as Well.
  • ski uni-directional sheets such as 60 may be inserted at this point adjacent the sheets 60 but having the uni-directional fibers oriented angularly with respect to the longitudinal axis of the ski.
  • the sheets 60 complete the assembly of the lower skin.
  • a central core is next formed to separate the lower and upper skins.
  • This core comprises a plurality of longitudinal channel members previously folded into a U- shape.
  • the channel members 62 are positioned first immediately on top of the sheets 60 with the open side of the channels facing upwardly. These channels 62 do not extend the entire length of the ski but only approximately the length of the side rails 28. Referring back to FIGURE 2, the channel members 62 are shown in dotted line following the curved contour of the pressure bags 40 and terminating near the center section of the ski where the pressure bags 40 exit from the sides of the ski. In FIG- URE l, the side of a finished ski shows where the pressure bags 40 exited from the side of the ski and the side walls of the channel members 62 and 64 can be seen therein.
  • the top set of channel members 64 are inserted with their open sides facing downwardly so that the side walls thereof engage the side walls of the channel members 62 in a sliding relationship. Before the channel members 64 are so positioned however, the pressure bags 40 are inserted and each one is laid into one of the channel members 62. Since the thickness of the ski varies, and tapers down toward the tips and heels, it is necessary to have the side walls of the channel members 62 and 64 taper near their ends and this taper is shown at 65 in FIGURE 4.
  • Channel members 62, 64 are bi-directional fiber glass materials impregnated with uncured resin, as is the case with the other materials used herein, are dry. The channels have been previously folded by a hot pressing device.
  • the upper skin is now formed in a manner similar to that for the lower skin.
  • the first laminate is a second set of uni-directional fiber glass sheets 70 of a type and configuration substantially the same as the uni-directional sheets 60, being cut to the outer configuration of the finished ski and being previously impregnated with uncured resin. Sheets 70 may also be staggered in length or some of them placed on a bias if desired. After these sheets are in place, a second large U-shaped channel sheet 72 is placed in the mold.
  • the sheet 72 is substantially similar to sheet 58 in that it is also a fiber glass material in which the fibers are bi-directionally oriented and is previously impregnated with uncured resin.
  • the side walls of sheet 72 may be placed either inside or outside of the side walls of sheet 58.
  • the final laminate is another U- shaped material inserted as an overlay 74 whereby the side walls extend outside of the side walls of the large U-shaped sheets 72 or 58.
  • the overlay 74 is preferably a fine mesh fabric of bi-directional type such as a Dacron mat which has likewise been previously impregnated with an uncured resin.
  • Overlay 74 is intended primarily for dress or decorative purposes and may be colored and printed as desired.
  • the sheets 70, 72 and 74 together comprise the upper skin.
  • FIGURE 5 the various laminates in the tip section of the ski are shown in exploded form. It is to be understood that the same type and sequence of laminates are used in the heel section of the ski and therefore a separate view thereof has not been included.
  • the laminates forming the upper and lower skins extend into the tip of the ski.
  • the running surface sheet 54 is shown but the sides thereof are cut at 55 to accommodate the last portion of the edges 56.
  • the first large U-shaped, bi-directional sheet 58 is shown extending up to the very tip of the ski and in order to permit the upward curvature of the material, the sides are cut or notched as shown at 59 to permit this curvature.
  • the first set of uni-directional sheets 60 are likewise shown positioned immediately above the sheet 58 and extending up to the tip of the ski.
  • a plurality of bi-directional fabric sheets 76 are placed between the uni-directional sheets 60 and 70. These sheets 76 are so cut as to provide a central hollow cavity section 78 which is filled with a mixture 80 which comprises an uncured resin putty which has been mixed with a filler of small hollow sphere-like elements 82. Upon curing, this material will impart substantial strength to the tip of the ski while maintaining its solid configuration but will not add ex cessive weight to the-tip.
  • the uni-directional sheets 70 extend up to the tip and above the sheets 70 is the bi-directional sheet 72 and the overlay sheet 74.
  • the edges may be cut or notched as shown at 75.
  • a metal toe piece 84 is inserted into the mold along the sides of the tip whereby the toe piece 84 i will extend along the outer sidewalls of the overlay sheet 74 and when the resin is cured, will adhere thereto and form an integral part of the ski.
  • the steps taken to manufacture the ski in accordance with the present invention include first of all the assembly and positioning of the various laminates as has been previously described.
  • the upper platen 14 is then placed on top of the laminates and positioned so that the center section 26 fits inside the side rails 28 and bears directly downwardly on the overlay 74.
  • the entire assembly is then placed in a press which has an upper and lower pressing surface which corresponds substantially to the upper and lower surfaces of the platens 12 and 14.
  • the pressure inlets 48 are then connected to a source of steam or air.
  • the bags 40 are pressurized and may be heated slightly if steam is used until the resin materials become soft and begin to flow slightly.
  • the platens of the outside mold are also heated until the plastic is soft and this condition is maintained until such time as all of the uncured resin is soft and slightly runny.
  • the pressure on the inside bags 40 is then relaxed for a short period and then reapplied so as to permit the escape of a substantial amount of the entrapped air between the various layers.
  • the pressure inside the bags 40 is then raised until the soft resin begins to work out of the cracks in the mold showing that it is all in a molten state.
  • the pressure on the inside bags is then raised to approximately 125 lbs. per square inch, the temperature on the outer platens is raised to 300 to 330 F. and the entire assembly is allowed to remain at this temperature and pressure for approximately 30 minutes for curing.
  • the mold is removed from the press and the pressure sources disconnected from the inlets 48.
  • the upper platen 14 is then removed and the side rails 28, 30 and 34 are disconnected from the lower platen 12 and the pressure bags are slid out from the interior of the channels 62, 64 so that the ski can be removed from the mold.
  • the ski is then ready for sanding and finishing, and the edges 56 may be ground and finished as well.
  • FIGURE 3 demonstrates this integral construction showing the condition of the interior of the mold following the curing cycle and prior to the removal of pressure inside the pressure bags 40.
  • a laminated fiber glass ski comprising:
  • channel members being situated between said upper and lower skins to form a central core which extends less than the entire length of the ski, said channel members extending from the tip of the ski and terminating near the center of the ski at one side thereof, and the remainder portion of said channel members extending from the heel of the ski and terminating near the center of the ski at. the other side thereof, said channel members providing hollow cores which are closed at the tip and heel ends thereof and which provide apertures in the sides near the center of said ski, and means for closing said apertures;
  • said lower skin further including a plastic running surface sheet bonded thereto, metal edge strips molded between said running surface sheet and said lower skin, said edge strips having a portion thereof exposed along the lower lateral sidewalls of said ski, said edges comprising a plurality of segments having a length of less than six inches.
  • a method of making a laminated fiber glass ski comprising:
  • a method of making a fiber glass ski comprising:
  • step of applying internal pressure to said longitudinal pressure means is executed after applying heat and external pressure at a time when the resin has become tacky.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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US643926A 1967-06-06 1967-06-06 Laminated fiber glass ski and process for making the same Expired - Lifetime US3493240A (en)

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US64392667A 1967-06-06 1967-06-06

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CH (1) CH506302A (fr)
DE (1) DE1957046A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2067586A5 (fr)

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902732A (en) * 1973-02-14 1975-09-02 Jr Albert A Fosha Advanced composition ski
US3933362A (en) * 1974-03-25 1976-01-20 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Ski having a hollow core
US3940157A (en) * 1973-02-07 1976-02-24 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Ski structure
US3949988A (en) * 1972-06-08 1976-04-13 Fischer Gesellschaft M.B.H. Racket
US3993308A (en) * 1968-01-08 1976-11-23 Jenks Herbert R Laminated fiberglass tennis racket
US4026575A (en) * 1974-12-24 1977-05-31 Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Plastic ski
US4031181A (en) * 1972-04-05 1977-06-21 General Dynamics Corporation Method for molding high strength facing
US4045025A (en) * 1973-02-13 1977-08-30 Starwin Industries, Inc. Glass fiber tennis racket frame
US4049263A (en) * 1974-03-18 1977-09-20 N. V. Tramposafe Diving board
US4313614A (en) * 1978-06-26 1982-02-02 Trak Incorporated Ski and its manufacture
US4575447A (en) * 1982-07-29 1986-03-11 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Method for producing a wood-type golf club head
WO1986005994A3 (fr) * 1985-04-08 1986-12-18 Golden Oak Res & Dev Inc Ski de neige et son procede de fabrication
US4721593A (en) * 1986-05-15 1988-01-26 Canadair Inc. Process for molding and curing a composite skin-stiffeners assembly
US4828781A (en) * 1987-06-26 1989-05-09 Duplessis Delano A Method of molding composite bicycle frames
WO1989004789A1 (fr) * 1987-11-20 1989-06-01 Trimble Brent J Cadres de bicyclette composites et procedes de production
US4850607A (en) * 1986-05-12 1989-07-25 Trimble Brent J Composite bicycle frame and production method
US4902458A (en) * 1987-05-12 1990-02-20 Trimble Brent J Method of molding composite bicycle frames
US4923203A (en) * 1987-12-23 1990-05-08 Trimble Brent J Composite bicycle frame with crossed tubular portions
US4986949A (en) * 1986-05-12 1991-01-22 Trimble Brent J Method of making composite bicycle frames
US5016895A (en) * 1989-07-19 1991-05-21 Cycle Composites, Inc. Cycle fork with fiber reinforced resin blades and crown and method of making same
WO1991012057A1 (fr) * 1990-02-09 1991-08-22 Head Sportgeräte Gesellschaft M.B.H. & Co. Ohg Ski a structure creuse en matiere plastique
US5078417A (en) * 1989-07-19 1992-01-07 Cycle Composites, Inc. All terrain cycle fork with fiber reinforced resin blades and crown and method of making same
US5318742A (en) * 1992-08-28 1994-06-07 You Chin San Method of making bicycle tubular frame of plastic composite material
US5322249A (en) * 1992-07-15 1994-06-21 You Chin San Method of making game racket frame of plastic compound material
US5454895A (en) * 1992-08-03 1995-10-03 Finmeccanica S.P.A. - Ramo Aziendale Alenia Process for manufacturing fiber reinforced structures suitable for aeronautic applications
US5762352A (en) * 1996-03-15 1998-06-09 Lee; Kyu-Wang Bicycle fork having a fiber reinforced steerer tube and fiber reinforced crown and blades and method of making same
US5788259A (en) * 1993-07-27 1998-08-04 Uwe Emig Ski composed of several elements
US5848800A (en) * 1993-06-09 1998-12-15 Kastle Aktiengesellschaft Ski
US6340509B1 (en) 1997-04-23 2002-01-22 Radius Engineering, Inc. Composite bicycle frame and method of construction thereof
US20130172135A1 (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Sport Maska Inc. Hockey stick blade
US20220274355A1 (en) * 2019-06-21 2022-09-01 Marshal Industrial Corp. Method of manufacturing a composite rim

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2517978A1 (fr) * 1981-12-15 1983-06-17 Dynamic Ski du type a noyau a structure allegee et son procede de fabrication
DE81834T1 (de) * 1981-12-15 1983-12-08 Dynamic, 38590 Saint-Etienne-De-Saint-Geoirs Leichtgebauter ski mit kern und sein herstellungsverfahren.
DE8703833U1 (de) * 1987-03-14 1987-05-27 Elastogran GmbH, 2844 Lemförde Mehrschichtenski
FR2681257A1 (fr) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-19 Lacroix Sa Skis Procede de fabrication par moulage d'un patin pour sport de glisse et patin fabrique selon le procede.

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FR985174A (fr) * 1948-05-01 1951-07-16 Ski composé d'éléments superposés
US2695178A (en) * 1950-06-15 1954-11-23 Jr George B Rheinfrank Laminated ski and method of making same
CA572337A (fr) * 1959-03-17 D. Scott Delmer Structure de ski et methode pour sa fabrication
US2971766A (en) * 1958-07-28 1961-02-14 Holley Danforth Fabricated ski
FR1351207A (fr) * 1963-03-19 1964-01-31 Ski, notamment ski en matière plastique et son procédé de fabrication
US3270111A (en) * 1961-05-03 1966-08-30 Haldemann S A Method of producing a hollow article
US3272522A (en) * 1965-06-21 1966-09-13 Peter Kennedy Inc Composite metal and plastic ski

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA572337A (fr) * 1959-03-17 D. Scott Delmer Structure de ski et methode pour sa fabrication
FR985174A (fr) * 1948-05-01 1951-07-16 Ski composé d'éléments superposés
US2695178A (en) * 1950-06-15 1954-11-23 Jr George B Rheinfrank Laminated ski and method of making same
US2971766A (en) * 1958-07-28 1961-02-14 Holley Danforth Fabricated ski
US3270111A (en) * 1961-05-03 1966-08-30 Haldemann S A Method of producing a hollow article
FR1351207A (fr) * 1963-03-19 1964-01-31 Ski, notamment ski en matière plastique et son procédé de fabrication
US3272522A (en) * 1965-06-21 1966-09-13 Peter Kennedy Inc Composite metal and plastic ski

Cited By (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3993308A (en) * 1968-01-08 1976-11-23 Jenks Herbert R Laminated fiberglass tennis racket
US4031181A (en) * 1972-04-05 1977-06-21 General Dynamics Corporation Method for molding high strength facing
US3949988A (en) * 1972-06-08 1976-04-13 Fischer Gesellschaft M.B.H. Racket
US3940157A (en) * 1973-02-07 1976-02-24 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Ski structure
US4045025A (en) * 1973-02-13 1977-08-30 Starwin Industries, Inc. Glass fiber tennis racket frame
US3902732A (en) * 1973-02-14 1975-09-02 Jr Albert A Fosha Advanced composition ski
US4049263A (en) * 1974-03-18 1977-09-20 N. V. Tramposafe Diving board
US3933362A (en) * 1974-03-25 1976-01-20 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Ski having a hollow core
US4026575A (en) * 1974-12-24 1977-05-31 Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Plastic ski
US4313614A (en) * 1978-06-26 1982-02-02 Trak Incorporated Ski and its manufacture
US4575447A (en) * 1982-07-29 1986-03-11 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Method for producing a wood-type golf club head
WO1986005994A3 (fr) * 1985-04-08 1986-12-18 Golden Oak Res & Dev Inc Ski de neige et son procede de fabrication
US4982975A (en) * 1986-05-12 1991-01-08 Trimble Brent J Composite bicycle frame with pressure molded juncture
US5158733A (en) * 1986-05-12 1992-10-27 Trimble Brent J Method of making composite cycle frame components
US4986949A (en) * 1986-05-12 1991-01-22 Trimble Brent J Method of making composite bicycle frames
US4850607A (en) * 1986-05-12 1989-07-25 Trimble Brent J Composite bicycle frame and production method
US4941674A (en) * 1986-05-12 1990-07-17 Trimble Brent J Tubular bicycle frame
US4721593A (en) * 1986-05-15 1988-01-26 Canadair Inc. Process for molding and curing a composite skin-stiffeners assembly
US4902458A (en) * 1987-05-12 1990-02-20 Trimble Brent J Method of molding composite bicycle frames
US4828781A (en) * 1987-06-26 1989-05-09 Duplessis Delano A Method of molding composite bicycle frames
US4889355A (en) * 1987-11-20 1989-12-26 Trimble Brent J Composite bicycle frames and methods of making same
WO1989004789A1 (fr) * 1987-11-20 1989-06-01 Trimble Brent J Cadres de bicyclette composites et procedes de production
US4923203A (en) * 1987-12-23 1990-05-08 Trimble Brent J Composite bicycle frame with crossed tubular portions
US5016895A (en) * 1989-07-19 1991-05-21 Cycle Composites, Inc. Cycle fork with fiber reinforced resin blades and crown and method of making same
US5078417A (en) * 1989-07-19 1992-01-07 Cycle Composites, Inc. All terrain cycle fork with fiber reinforced resin blades and crown and method of making same
WO1991012057A1 (fr) * 1990-02-09 1991-08-22 Head Sportgeräte Gesellschaft M.B.H. & Co. Ohg Ski a structure creuse en matiere plastique
US5299822A (en) * 1990-02-09 1994-04-05 Head Sport Aktiengesellschaft Plastic shell ski
US5322249A (en) * 1992-07-15 1994-06-21 You Chin San Method of making game racket frame of plastic compound material
US5454895A (en) * 1992-08-03 1995-10-03 Finmeccanica S.P.A. - Ramo Aziendale Alenia Process for manufacturing fiber reinforced structures suitable for aeronautic applications
US5318742A (en) * 1992-08-28 1994-06-07 You Chin San Method of making bicycle tubular frame of plastic composite material
US5848800A (en) * 1993-06-09 1998-12-15 Kastle Aktiengesellschaft Ski
US5788259A (en) * 1993-07-27 1998-08-04 Uwe Emig Ski composed of several elements
US5762352A (en) * 1996-03-15 1998-06-09 Lee; Kyu-Wang Bicycle fork having a fiber reinforced steerer tube and fiber reinforced crown and blades and method of making same
US6340509B1 (en) 1997-04-23 2002-01-22 Radius Engineering, Inc. Composite bicycle frame and method of construction thereof
US20020190439A1 (en) * 1997-04-23 2002-12-19 Nelson Ronald H. Method of manufacturing a composite golf club head
US6824636B2 (en) 1997-04-23 2004-11-30 Radius Engineering, Inc. Method of manufacturing a composite golf club head
US20130172135A1 (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Sport Maska Inc. Hockey stick blade
US9044657B2 (en) * 2011-12-30 2015-06-02 Sport Maska Inc. Hockey stick blade
US20220274355A1 (en) * 2019-06-21 2022-09-01 Marshal Industrial Corp. Method of manufacturing a composite rim
US11813809B2 (en) * 2019-06-21 2023-11-14 Marshal Industrial Corp. Method of manufacturing a composite rim

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1957046A1 (de) 1971-05-19
FR2067586A5 (en) 1971-08-20
CH506302A (fr) 1971-04-30

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